Wai i ka mea mua, e piʻi ka mauna Everest? Ma ka makahiki, e piʻi ka mauna Everest?

Repubalika o Nepal, i ike i ka aina hanau o ka Buddha, o ka loa mauna aupuni i loko o ke ao nei. Ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau ka mea, ua moe ma ka Great Himalayan laulā, kaulana mau kuahiwi oi 8,000 mika, a me Mount Everest ua aia - i ka mauna kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke ao nei (8848 mika).

Everest: Owai la ka mea lanakila 'o ia i ka wahi o nā akua

E like me ke kaulana manaoio, Ua noʻonoʻo i kēia wahi i ka noho ana o na akua, no laila, ua i hana ole i kekahi i ona lā, e piʻi.

Ka luna o ko ka honua i ke ahiahi, he kūikawā inoa: Chomolungma ( "Mother - akua o ka maluhia") - i loko o ka Tibetans a me Sagarmatha ( "Ka lae o ka lani") - ka Nepalese. Everest ka mea, la ia mea wale nō i loko o 1856, ua 'aʻole' aelike me Kina a me India, e like me ka mea pololei perpetrator o renaming - Pelekāne aristocrat, ka poʻe puni hoʻonaʻauao-surveyor, koaʻolokaʻa i loko o hoʻokahi - Dzhordzh Everest, ka mea i hiki ke kuhikuhi i mua i ke kiko'ī wahi o ka Himalayan kuahiwi, a me kona kiekie. Ke kaomi Ua no mai ka manawa i ka manawa, aia no na hoopaapaa e pili ana i ka mauna, aia i loko o Asia, e ole i ke Europa inoa. Owai la ka mea mua i naʻi Everest - i ka piko o ka i nā moeʻuhane aneane kela climber?

Leo hone nani luna o ke ao nei

Nature Everest me nā pōhaku, a me ka hau, hau mau loa hooweliweli loa, a tacitly maikai. Aia ua aneane mau Kīwala'ō ma lalo loa anu (i ia -60 ° C), pinepine kŰia - avalanches a me ka hauʻaoʻao, a me ka mauna kuahiwi ma luna o nā mea a pauʻaoʻao puhiʻino makani ua pā maila ka māmā holo a hiki 200 km / h. Ma ka kiʻekiʻena o ma kahi o 8000 mika hoomaka ka "make ciia", haawiia i like ia no ka muli o ka oxygen (30% o ka nui i hiki mai ma kaʻilikai).

Ka pilikia no ka pono o ka mea?

Aka, mamua o ua kalakala maoli rula, o ka naʻi aupuni o Everest ua a me ka mea o ka moe ana o na mea he nui mountaineers nā hualoaʻa a. E kūʻoe ma luna o kekahi mau minuke, e hele ia ma ka mōʻaukala, nānā i ke ao nei, mai lalo o ka lani kiʻekiʻe - ole o keia pomaikai? No ka mea, he poinaʻole manawa o climbers e makemake, e aa aku i ko lakou mau ola iho. A me ka pilikia o ka ike i ka mea hiki ke noho i loko o ka unexplored kaʻe o ka wa pau ole, a mau loa aku. Kanaka aʻe e hiki i ka make, hōʻea maila nō mea he muli o ka oxygen, frostbite, poino, naau e hemahema, ona he ulia pakalaki, a hiki palaka teammates.

Pela, i ka 1996, he pae o climbers mai Iapana a hiki i ka piʻiʻana o Everest halawai mai la me ekolu Indians - climbers poe e noho ana i loko o ka semiconscious moku'āina. make iho la lakou no ka mea, i ole i na Kepani kekahi kōkua, "nā kānaka hoʻokūkū", indifferently hele ana. I ka 2006, 42 climbers, pu me broadcasters Kanal «Discovery» indifferently hele lohi make mai hypothermia Pelekāne David lena, i ho'āʻo e ninaninau mai ia ia, a lawe kiʻi. E like me ka hopena, he daredevil i hoʻoholo wale i ka lanakila Mount Everest, make iho la o frostbite a me ka oxygen pololi. Kekahi o ka Lūkini climbers Alexander Abramov mau hana nā hoapili wehewehe: "I ka kiʻekiʻena o luna o 8,000 mika o kekahi kanaka eʻimi i ka lanakila i ka piko, e hoopau ai i ke ku a me ka mea i keu koa, e kokua ma na mea hoaie dala hua'ōlelo."

Ke ho'āʻo nei ia George Mallory: holomua paha,ʻaʻole?

No laila, ma hope o nā mea a pau i mua i naʻi ai ka mauna o Everest? E wehewehe ana o George Everest, ka mea i ole ai i ka mauna, ua ka impetus no ka makemake unbridled o na mea he nui climbers, e hiki i ka piko o ke ao nei, i ka mua (ma 1921) hoʻoholo ihola i Dzhordzh Mellori - aupuni Everest. Eia naʻe, i kona ho'āʻoʻana e hoʻokuʻikahi: kaumaha hau, ikaika makani a me ka nele o ka hana o ka hookiekie ana i ka kiekie o Pelekāne climber papani iho la i. Akā, unattainable oioi Mallory peahi mai, a lawe aʻela ia mai elua pomaikai ole oe e pii ai (i ka 1922 a me ka makahiki 1924). Iloko o ka hope huakaʻi Dzhordzh Mellori a me kona mau hoapili ia Endryu Irvin o ka pua kiele o loa ka nalowale. Hope ma kahi nahā i loko o nā ao ala a hiki i ka luna o lakou, i ike ai i kekahi o na lala o ka huakaʻi Noel Odell. Wale ma hope o 75 makahiki, i loaʻa ka 'Amelika huli huakaʻi Mallory i koe ma ka kiʻekiʻena o 8155 mika. Ma muli o kā lākou mau wahi, na climbers iho la i loko o ka lua. Nō hoʻi i loko o nā hana koʻikoʻi a hanohano, ma ka study o ka ia, a me ka i koe iho o ko lākou wahi, ka mea, ua ua? Aaei ia George Mallory - i ke kanaka mua e lanakila Everest. a ia ia i loaʻa Endryu Irvina ka kino.

Ua kaha maha 1924-1938 makahiki ma ka hui no ka helu o ka huakaʻi nui, nae, ka nele. Ma hope o ia mau mea ma luna o ka Everest no ka manawa hoopoina, no ka mea, o ka Apana World War.

trailblazers

Owai la ka mea mua lanakila Mount Everest? Ka ino nepokorimuyu luna hoʻoholo i loko o ka makahiki 1952 o ka Hawaiian, akā, i ka i kā mākou kiʻekiʻe kaahele aku la oia ia lakou, ku iho la ma puni 8,500 kâlâ mika, 348 mika, i ole Rose i ka climbers aie i ka hewa ino ana.

Inā ua kuhi i Mallory hiki ole kiʻi i ka luna o ka mauna kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke ao nei, i ka ninau ana o ka poe mua i naʻi ai ka mauna o Everest, ua hiki pakele olelo - New Zealander'Edemuna Hillary i ka 1953, a me ia mea ole ia ia iho, a me ka Hope - Sherpa Norgay Tenzing .

Ma ke ala, Sherpa (Kipeka, "Cher" - hikina, "HI" - kanaka) - ka ia kanaka, me ka i, paha, ina e hiki, e holo nō ia, no laila, kuko i ka luna kakaʻikahi. Kēia mauna poʻe i noho i loko o Nepal oi ma mua o 500 makahiki aku nei. He easiest i Sherpas e hoʻokele i ka piʻi ka mauna Everest, no ka mea, i kēia mauna - kā lākou'āina, i ka maʻa i nā ala, mai ka loa kamaliʻi.

Sherpas - he ike loea hope ma ke ala a hiki i ka luna

Sherpas - loa maikai-? Noaaiiiai i kanaka i hiki ole i hewa i ka kekahi. No ia mau mea, i ka pepehi kanaka o ka maʻamau mosquito a me ke kahua iole ua noʻonoʻo i ka hewa weliweli, a koi loa otmalivat. Mākou Sherpas i kā lākou mau 'ōlelo, akā, ka mea, i kēia manawa aneane a pau e'ōlelo Pelekania. Ma keia nui e piʻi like'Edemuna Hillary - ka mua naʻi aupuni o Everest. I mahalo no ka invaluable kōkua ia ma luna o kona mau dala, e kūkulu i kekahi kula i loko o kekahi o na kumu nui kulanakauhale.

ʻOiai me ka anal a pau o ke ola Sherpa ka noho lākouʻaoʻao o ke ola koe pili kēia patriarchal. Traditional noho - i ka pohaku ka hale ma luna o ka honua papahele i ua IeAUPIIe, IAa IO na holoholona, yaks, hipa, kao-yoa? Iiai elua, a me kaʻohana iho ua ana aia ma luna o ka lua o ka palaoa; aia no he lumi kuke, keena moe, lumi hoʻokipa. Lako palena iki. Mahalo i ka mea pioneering mountaineers ole i ka manawa ma mua, aia ua uila; kinoea paha ka mea, i laila, a hiki i kekahi ano o kikowaena paio hahana maoli nō. E like me ka wahie no ka sayings ka mea, hoʻohana litter yaks, a i ohi a maloo ma luna o ka pōhaku.

Unattainable Mount Everest ... ka mea mua i naʻi i ka mamao kuahiwi:'Edemuna Hillary a Dzhordzh Mellori? ʻepekema, e huli i ka pane mai a hiki i ka keia lā, e like me ka pane ana i ka ninau o ka makahiki lanakila Everest i ka makahiki 1924 a me ka 1953.

Records o Everest

Everest alaila kuu aku la oi ma mua o kekahi kanaka, a hiki loa i kau aku i ka mooolelo i? Aiaiiuie pii ana i ka luna. No ka laʻana, i ka 2004 Sherpa Pemba Dorj hele mai i ona lā, mai ke kumu i hoʻomoana ai ma ka 10 hola 46 minuke, oiai o ka hapanui o climbers ma ka ia hana hiki ke lawe i ai i kekahi mau lā. Ke koho wikiwiki loa ia i ka mauna i loko o 1988, ka Farani Jean-Mark Buaven, nae,ʻo ia i ka Lele i paroplane.

Women ka poe i lanakila ka mauna Everest, maʻaʻohe ala emi iki mahope o ke kanaka, a me stubbornly a me ka hoʻomanaʻo mai lanakila na mika pii ana i ka luna. I ka mua o ka maikaʻi hapalua o ka manaʻo kanaka i ka 1975 ua ka Japanese Junko Tabey, 10 lā - Phantog, Kipeka climber.

Owai la ka mea mua i naʻi Everest i loko o ka kūpuna? Ka hiapo naʻi aupuni o ke kuahiwi o ka 76-makahiki-kahiko e noho ana o Nepal - Min Bahadur Sher Khan, a me ka muli loa - 13-makahiki-kahiko Amelika Ioredane Romero. Interestingly manaopaa o kekahi keiki naʻi aupuni o ka "luna o ko ke ao nei," - 15-makahiki-kahiko Sherpa Temba Tseri, kona mua ho'āʻoʻana e hoʻokuʻikahi no ka nele o ka ikaika a me ka frostbite o nā lima. Ma ka hoi Tembe 5 amputated manamana lima i i ole hooki aku ia ia, oia lanakila Mount Everest i kona lua o ka puʻu.

I waena o kanaka me ke kino kīnā no hoi i ke kanaka mua e lanakila Everest. 'O kēia Mark Inglis, kū aʻela ia i ka luna o ko ke ao nei i loko o ka makahiki 2006 me ke kōkua o nā prostheses. Hero iʻApelila ia ia e like nā climbers,ʻaʻole frostbitten nā manamana wāwae. A oia frostbitten wawae mua ana ho'āʻo e piʻi i ka lani kiekie loa piko i loko o New Zealand - Mount Cook, ma hope i ka mea i amputated.

Apparently, Everest i kekahi ke kilokilo mana no ka mea, ina haneri o climbers akoakoa. E lanakila aku maluna iho kekahi manawa hou ia, a hou mai hoʻi, ho'āʻo ana e hana ia hou.

Alluring piko - Mount Everest

Wai i ka mea mua, e piʻi ka mauna Everest? No ke aha la i kanaka no laila, e holo pololei a hiki i keia wahi? Kumu no keia mea he nui loa. Tickle nä olonä, nele o thrills, ke makemake, e hoao iho boredom o maʻamau o ke ola ....

Texas millionaire Dick Uluwehi O - i ke kanaka nana i naʻi Everest. He ua i ka 'oihana climber, i ole ana, e pana aku au i makahiki ma ka hoʻokolokolo pono hoomakaukau ia no ka weliweli ana, a hoʻoholo i ka lanakila i ka piko o ke ao nei i kekahi manawa, e like me ka mea, e olelo aku nei:ʻaneʻi a me ka manawa. Ka Uluwehi O ua makemake e uku aku i kekahi dala i ka poe i haawi ai i ke kō o kona seemingly hiki ole i moe.

Dick Ka Uluwehi O nō hiki ke komo i ka piko o ka mauna Everest, a me nā kānaka kōkua ma loko o ka huakaʻi ua e hoakoakoa i kekahi kime i loaʻa millionaire ka oluolu a piʻi akula nō hoʻi mai; People i lawe i ka holoʻokoʻa haawe, halelewa, o oxygen poʻina nalu, ka wai, ka ai. I ka mea e olelo aku, i ke alapiʻi i wahi i loko o ka "a pau aupuni" a me ka mea, ua i ka hoʻomaka o ke kalepa hele ana a hiki i ka luna.

Ka mea, ua mai laila, mai 1985, e hiki i ka piko hiki e kekahi kanaka i ka mea e hana lawa kālā. I ka lā, i ka lilo ana o kekahi i ka piʻi akula nō hoʻi loli aʻe mai ka 40 a hiki i 85 tausani dala, ke kaumaha ma muli o kaʻaoʻao o ka mauna pii ana. Inā ka huakaʻi i wahi ma ka aoao o Nepal, ia mea oi pipiʻi no ka mea, pono kūikawā ae o ke alii, waiwai 10 tausani dala. Ke koena dala ua uku ia no ka hui ana o ka huakaʻi.

A hiki i ka ahaaina mare i ...

I ka 2005, Mona Mulet a me Pem Georgie pâʻani ma luna o ko ka honua ka ahaaina. Piʻi upstairs, i ka hui i aku no kekahi mau minuke o ka o oxygen ea paha, ana ma luna o ka'ā'ī o nā loina i nā pōpō lei. A laila, Pem ulaula ka pauka poni i ka lae o kana wahine, e nô mare ana. Newlyweds kona hana i uhi malu mai kela kanaka keia kanaka: na makua, hoa, hoa ma luna o ka huakaʻi, no ka mea, ua i ka paulele i ka holomua hope o? Aaony hana.

A pehea na kanaka piʻi ka mauna Everest? Surprisingly, i ka lā, oi ma mua o 4,000 kanaka. A me ka loa a pau e pono wā no ka pii i ke akahai ino kūlana manaoia e e Akuma ka. ʻoiaʻiʻo nō ia, ua idyll mau he wahi manawa - e he mau pule, i ka climbers e ho'āʻo ana e hoʻohana i ka loa hua nui.

E like me nā 'ikepili helu o ka poe i lanakila aku maluna iho Everest make kela he umi, a me ka hapanui o na ulia pakalaki hana ana i kaolo, i ka wa a ka mana ua aneane hele. Theoretically, e hiki ke piʻi ka maunaʻo Everest i kekahi mau lā. Ma ka hana pono, i ka koi gradual a me kaʻoi loa me ka hui pu ana o ia iluna, a hoʻokū ai i.