Bulgakov Sergey Nikolaevich, ka Lūkini poe akeakamai, theologian, he Orthodox kahuna: Kawaihae

Russian poe akeakamai a me ka theologian, Sergei Bulgakov - kanaka ole naue like. He ua hiki ke hele aku ma ka kanalua, a loaʻa lākou ala i ke Akua, Ua hana kana ao ana iho o Sophia, ua hiki i ka lanakila i ka hilinaʻiʻole o nā hoa a me ecclesiastical'āponoʻole, a ola e like me ka lunaʻikehala, a me ka manaoio.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka Family

Bulgakov Ua hanau Sergey N. 16 (28) July 1871 ma Livny, i loko o ka nui 'ohana kahuna, i ka'Abota o kekahi halepule uuku ma ka pā ilina. Makua Sergei hoʻonaʻauao keiki (a ma lailaʻo ia i ehiku) i loko o ka Orthodox moolelo. Ka 'ohana mau hele ekalesia lawelawe, me na keiki hoolohe, a me ka hope heluhelu i ka palapala hemolele ia lakou iho. Sergey Mahalo nui hoomanao i kona wa, ia ia i hele mai i loko o hui 'ana me ka nani o Lūkini ano, makani hoʻi ma ka halawai grandeur o ka liturgy. Ka mea, ua i keia manawa, ua hoano e ka harmonious hui ana me ke Akua. He Ua lawe mai me he Karistiano maikaʻi loa, i loko o kona mau makahiki i kakahiaka nui oia me ka manao pono, manaoio aku i ke Akua.

makahiki o ka like

I ka 12 makahiki, hoomaka ae la këia ma ke kula theological Bulgakov Sergey, oia ua i keia manawa, ma kana mau olelo, "he kupaʻa ke keiki a ka Ekalesia." Ma hope o ua noho mai ke kula,ʻo ia komo i ke Kulanui 'o ia ma kona hānau kulanakauhale o Livny. I loko o keia manawa, ua seriously manaʻo e pili ana pehea e hoʻohui i kona ola ana i ka hana o ke Akua. ʻEhā mau makahiki ma hope, pau i ka hana ana i loko o kulanui, Bulgakov komo i ke Kulanui 'o Orel. Here ia i aʻo no ka makahiki ekolu, akā, i kēia manawa, aia mea he nui loli i loko o kona Outlook,ʻo ia keʻike piʻi i ka hohonu haipule ka hoʻoponopono ulia, a e hoolilo mai ia ia i ke disbelief i loko o ke Akua. Nalowale ka manaoio ma ka Orthodox Church, i ka 1987, Bulgakov haʻalele i ke Kulanui 'o, a laila, elua hou makahiki o ka haʻawina i loko o ka panina grammar kula i loko o Yelets. Ma hope, alaila komo ae i ka Moscow State University,'āuna kumu no kanawai. I ka 1894, ua ana ku i ka hoao ana hope loa, a loaa ka papahelu o ka haku, me ke aʻo pono.

kakahiaka nui wale

Ua i loko o ka mua makahiki Kulanui 'Bulgakov Sergeyʻike piʻi aku i ka hopohopo nui i ka haipule postulates a ola i ka hohonu ulia o ka manaoio e pushes iā ia,ʻaʻole wale nō e mālama mai i ke Kulanui' o, akā, no hoi, e hele kokoke i ka loa mahaloia i keia manawa o ka Marxists. He hana paakiki ma kēia hou philosophical olelo no lakou iho, a lilo ae la koke i ke alakaʻi o theoretician o Marxism ma Rusia. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia koke Cuticura i ka ole o ke kumumanaʻo, a evolves i idealism. I ka 1902,ʻo ia a hiki i kākau i ka 'atikala ia "Mai Marxism i Idealism," a wehewehe i ka loli i loko o kona mau manao.

Mau hoʻololi i loko o kona mau manao e pahuhopu nei me ka uhane o ka manawa, i ka intelligentsia Lūkini o ia wā i wehewehe aku ma ka aoao o Kelemānia idealism a a laila religiosity. Familiarity me Bebel a me Kautsky, na palapala o Vladimir Soloviev a me Tolstoy alakai aku la ia ia i ka huli 'ana i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ke Karistiano nā loea kālai'āina no ka hoʻoponopono' i ke kahe ana o ka pono a me ka hewa. No kekahi manawa, Bulgakov ke nânâ i cosmism, ma hope o Nikolaem Fedorovym. Kēia kona manaopaa, aʻo ia i hoʻokohu 'like "nohona Kristiano" e pāpā ikaika pono i loko o ka evolution o Lūkini philosophical manaʻo o ka wā.

Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka manaʻo o Bulgakov oʻoʻana, a ano, i ke ala o kona philosophical kona manaopaa e akakaʻi kona mua nui hana ka hopuʻia - ka puke "Light o unfading".

hoʻonaʻauao ha awina

Ma hope o ka puka, Sergei Bulgakov (Kawaihae ka mea, ua pili ole wale me ka kālaiʻike akā, pū me ka ao) mea i loko o ka 'Oihana ma ka mea e kākau i kona doctoral dissertation, hoomaka no hoi oia e aʻo hoʻokele waiwai pili aupuni ma ka imperial E noa ka Kula ma Moscow. I ka 1898, i ke Kulanui e hoouna ia i nā makahiki ma ka noiʻi kaapuni ia Hawaii. I ka 1901 kokua aku la oia i kona ia hoʻi, a loaa i ka oihana o ke Kumu i loko o ka 'Oihana i pili aupuni hoʻokele waiwai o ka Kiev Polytechnic Institute. I ka 1906, ua lilo i Kumu ma ka Moscow Commercial Institute. Bulgakov ka haʻi'ōlelo noonoo i ke ala o kona manaopaa, he nui loa o ia, e ke paʻi me ka philosophical a me ka kaiapili-yeiiiie? Aneiai hana. Hope oia hana me ke Kumu o ka hoʻokele waiwai pili aupuni, a me ka Tauride University Kumu o ka theology a me Canon kānāwai a me ka theology i loko o Palaka.

I ka hoao ana o ka lawelawe hana

Ma hope o ka hui ana i na Marxists i ka 1903. Bulgakov Sergey hoʻoili i loko o 'ino ai hoʻokumu Ahaolelo Lahui o ka Union o Liberation, o kona mau lala ka i Berdyaev, Vladimir Vernadsky, VI lua kupapau. E like me kekahi hapa o na hana o ka Union Bulgakov hohola patriotic wale, e like me ka luna hoʻoponopono o ka Magazine "New Way". I ka 1906, i ka poe akeakamai i kaʻeleu loa i loko o ka hanaia'na o ka Union o Karistiano kālai'āina, mai i lawe wahi i loko o ka lua o ka hope o ka State Duma i ka 1907. Soon, nae, i ka ike antimonarchist oki ia e kokoke ana i ona lā, a me kona pii ana i kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana. Mai laila,ʻo ia hoao hou e komo i loko o ka lawelawe neʻe a e kālele ana kona aayoaeuiinoe ma ka palapala o philosophical a me ka journalistic hana.

haipule kālaiʻike

I ka 1910, Sergei Bulgakov, kona kālaiʻike e hele mai i ka papa kuhikuhiE wahi o kona ulu ana, halawai mai me Pavlom Florenskim. Aloha ma waena o nā thinkersʻelua nui waiwai ka Lūkini manaʻo. I loko o kēia wā Bulgakov hope hoi i ka poli o ke kahuna, Christian kālaiʻike. He hana ia i loko o ka ekalesia-he mea hiki, ao ke ano. I ka 1917 i ka puke o kona puke-ke kahua "me ka unfading Light," i keia makahiki Sergey e kuleana i loko o ka All-Russian Local Council, a e hooponopono i ka patriarchate i loko o ke aupuni.

Poe akeakamai ma ia manawa he wahi lihi iki o ka noʻonoʻo e pili ana i na aoao o ka? Acaeoey no ka aina a me ka pilina. He ua hoano e ka kipi like me ka luku māinoino o ka make ana o nā mea a pau i ua punahele ia iā ia i loko o ke ola. Bulgakov manaʻoʻiʻo i loko o kēia pilikia koke ana ma na poohiwi o ke kahuna i ka hana nuʻukia e hoola manaʻo kanaka a me ka spirituality. Na kivila kaua ikaika i ke ano o ka apocalypse, a kipaku Sergei Nikolaevich no ka manaʻo nui i loko o ke ola.

kahuna Way

I ka 1918, ua hooliloia Bulgakov ke kahuna. Dedication i wahi ma Iune 11 ma ka Danilovsky hoailona. Makua Seregio pono me ka makua'lii, Tikhon, a i nā helu kuhi puke i pāʻani i ka 'ano nui kūlana ma ka Russian Church, akā, ka mea, ua loli ke kaua. I ka 1919, hele aku la i ka Crimea, eʻohi i kona ohana, akā, e hoʻi i Moscow ia i makemake ole hou e destined. I keia manawa, no ka Bolsheviks Bulgakov hookaawale ia, mai ke ao ana limahana o ka Moscow Commercial Institute. Ma Simferopol, mea, ke hana ma ke kulanui, a hoomau iho la oia kākau philosophical hana. Akā, e hele mai i ka Soviet aupuni koke hoonele ia i keia manawa.

emigration

I ka 1922, ua hoounaia Sergei Bulgakov, kona mau buke a pau i pono i ka mea hou, Soviet Aupuni, a hiki i Constantinople me kona ohana. He Ua haawiia mai i ka inoa ma luna o ka palapala ana i ka mea i hoounaia mai, mai ka RSFSR paʻa, a ma ka hihia o ka hoʻi e e hana ai. Mai Constantinople Bulgakov neʻe i Palaka.

Sergey i ole, imi ae la e haʻalele i ko lākou'āina, a ua nui loa aloha ia ia. A pau o kona ola ana i olelo mai ai me ka haaheo no kona Lūkini kumu a me kaʻeleu kākoʻo iā ia, o Lūkini moʻomeheu, puʻe wale akula kēlā iā nei wale aku no. He moe loa, e kipa Rusia, akā, ka mea, ua mai ia ia. Ma ka home i ke keiki a Bulgakovyh Fedor, ka mea a ka mea makemake loa i ike.

Palaka manawa

I ka 1922, Bulgakov Sergey hele i Palaka, kahi i lilo ai ka hana ana ma ka Russian Institute o ka'Āuna Kumu o kanawai. I ia manawa, i kapa Palaka "Russian Oxford" 'aneʻi ma hope o ka kipi komo pū ka' elele o ka haipule kālaiʻike like Lossky, G. Vernadsky, Struve, P. Novgorodtsev. I loko o nā makahiki, Bulgakov ao mai la theologyʻaneʻi. Eia hou kekahi, ia i hana i ka hana i loko o ka haumāna ekalesia o Palaka, i loko o kekahi o ka suburban parishes.

Bulgakov i noho ai i loko o ke kula, hokele kaʻahele i kapaia "Svobodarna", a lawe mai la i kekahi,''he nâ o Lūkini ka noiʻi a me thinkers. Makua Seregio i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka Magazine "ke ao nei ka uhane o ka haumāna," i paʻiʻia i hoihoi 'atikala theological maʻiʻo. He i lilo kekahi o na kumu nui organizers o ka "Russian Student Christian Honua", kona mau lala e alakai Lūkini emigre thinkers a me nā kānakaʻepekema.

Paris manawa

I ka makahiki 1925, ka Makua Seregio a me kona 'ohana neʻe i Paris, ma, me konaʻeleu komo, wehe aʻela ia i ka mua Orthodox Theological Institute, Dean a me Kumu o ka i lilo. Mai ka makahiki 1925,ʻo iaʻo ia i ka hailona o ka huakaʻi, hele kokoke a pau na aina o Europa a me North America. Paris manawa no hoi i kekahi mālama nui philosophical hana Bulgakov. Ke koʻikoʻi loa, o kana mau hana a pau o kēia wā e: trilogy "Keikihipa o ke Akua", "wahine mare o ke Keikihipa," "Kokua", ka puke "ke kuniʻana Bush". Like Dean o St. Seregio Bulgakov, Sergei i ka mea maoli uhane mawaena konu o ka Lūkini moʻomeheu i loko o Palika. Ua hoʻonohonohoʻana i ka hana ma o ka hana o ka luna ', i kapaia "Sergey House." No ka 20 makahiki o kona alakaʻi, he mea akaka he kaona liʻiliʻi hale a me ka ekalesia. Makua Seregio hana no hoi me ka opiopio kanaka, e lilo ana i mea aʻo kaulana a me ka mentor no nā haumāna.

Nui na hoao ana ua hoomanawanui mai ia e Bulgakov i loko o ka Apana World War, loaʻino ka mea, ua i ia manawa manawa, akā, i loko o kēia mau ana i i hooki aku i kana hana, e hana i kekahi haipule-philosophical hana. He mea nui nui kou manaʻo e pili ana i ka hopena o ko lākou mau'āina, a maʻEulopa.

Sophiology Bulgakov

Ke philosophical manaʻo o Bulgakov ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i theology. Ke kikowaena manaʻo - Sophia akamai o ke Akua, - ua hou i ka haipule manao ole, ka mea i 'Imi ulu Soloviev, akā, ka Makua Seregio lilo i ka hohonu loko ka ho'āʻoʻana, he hoike ana. Haipule-philosophical palapala Bulgakov nele ano hoopono a me ka hana mau, e aho, ka mea, ua hai mai i loko o ka lakou mau buke, ke hai e pili ana i kona mau mystical ka hoao ana. Main ka uhane manaʻo o kona kumumanaʻo, Sophia i ke akamai o ke Akua, ka mea, ua maopopo ia ma naʻano likeʻole: mai keʻano o ka femininity like me ka hookumu ana o ke ao nei, a hiki i ka papa kuhikuhiE unifying ikaika mea, i ke ao ke akamai, a me ka maikai. I ka kumumanaʻo o Bulgakov i hoohewaia e ke Orthodox Church, ia ia i hoopiiia mai o ka aoao ku e, akā, kuhikuhi mai i ka hewa a me ka miscalculations. Ke kumumanaʻo Ua i loaa piha ano, a noho i loko o ka 'ano like ka pepa hōʻuluʻulu.

Personal ola

Bulgakov Sergey Nikolaevich ola ana i ka waiwai ola hanana. Back i ka 1898, oia mare i ke kaikamahine a ka haku hale Elene Ivanovne Tokmakovoy, a lawe aku la ia ia a pau o ke ola mau hoao ana, a ua nui. ehiku keiki i ka hui i, akā, wale elua o ia ola. Ka Make o ekolu Ivasheka lilo hohonu, māinoino o ka hoao ana no Bulgakov, ua pahu i ka thinker e noonoo ma ka naauao o ko ke ao nei. I ka 1939, i ke kahuna i loaʻa me ka puu Ka maʻi 'aʻai, oia akaaka malu i ka hana nui ma luna o kona mau kaula vocal, akā, ua aʻo ma weliweli pono ka' Oihana i ka olelo ma hope o ia. Eia naʻe, i loko o ka makahiki 1944, ua waiho wale aku no i ka hahauʻana, a alakaʻi ai i ka make ana o 13 July makahiki 1944.