China History Ma ka pau 'XIII B.

Ma ka hana pono, i ka mokuna o Mongolia, a Manchuria ma lalo o ke aupuni a pau yuan loa okoa mai ka mua Chinese'āina hoʻomalu a me ka pili nohona. Mongolia mea e like me ka metropolis: ka mea, ua nohoʻia nō ma ka Mongolianʻohana. ku mai la he nui Mongol poe koa, a me ka hooponopono lawe yuan hooilina i ka noho aliʻi, kona noho ua Karakorum. Ma Kina, ua he hoʻololi kemikala o kekahi palapala kauoha, a me ka wahahee ma ka Pākē Mongolian hale.

Ma ka kekahi lima, Kublai Khan ma ka 60-ies o ka XIII kenekulia. Ua lilo i lohe nui e kū'ē i ka hana o ka Pake dignitaries, ana ke kino lākou nā noi ma o ka hooponopono ana o ka Pākē ?? eoi? A me ka heluna. China i ua administratively puunaueia i loko o 10'āina, i loko o ka mea mālama i ka Pākē'ōnaehana mau mea, aimoku a me counties. Central aupuni mānewanewa ka Pākē lauana ma na aoao. Ua Ua laweʻia e ka Pākē hana o ka inoa o ka Emperor a me ka hōʻailona theme like makahiki o kona noho aliʻiʻana. I ka hoʻomaka o ka XIV kenekulia. kahiko Chinese nenoaiu o examinations ma ke koho ana i ka hana oihana (nae mea hoʻohana i kaupalena ') Ua wahahee. I ka lalo echelons o ka moku'āina i hoʻomākaukauʻia ia i ka hailona o Pākē.

Ma ka kekahi lima, ma ka nui a me ka meakino-pepa paia kulanakauhale, i loko o nā'āina, ua nui nā pā kaua, i ole ae i ke kauoha koa i ka Pākē, ua papaia mai ka heluna kanaka i ka i mea kaua. Ua paʻa Pāhana hoʻomalu pou ma ka Mongols, a me kanaka, mai nā 'āina i loko o Central Asia. Ke holoʻokoʻa heluna Ua maheleia i eha waeʻano: ka Mongols, semuzhen - kanaka o Central a me Near Hawaiian'āina; hanzhen - akau Chinese; Khitan a me Jurchen; nanzhen - ka hema Pake. I ka moolelo o Kina i ka pau ana o ka XIII kenekulia. ....

Ka mua elua waeʻano o kona pomaikai, ka oi aku o ka ke kolu a me ka ha - inā pilikia ka haumāna kekahi hana. A nui helu o ka lehulehu, i ka huina o ka u make dosch taxpaying nā mākua o ka aina, i māhele i loko o ka'āina hoʻoili o ka Khan ka huakaʻi no ka hale a me Mongol koa aristocracy, kahi ka mea, ua aneane piha haku o ke kulana, a ma nā man- akia i exploited na kanaka. Ua i i hālāwai me na mooolelo Chinese a me koa nenoaiu o ka yuan, eia nae ka Pākē i komo i loko o ka oihana koa hana koa.

Ka Mongol naʻi i ukali pūʻia o ka make ana o ka mea hou hoʻomāhuahua ai kaua ma Kina. Iloko o na kaua o na nā paʻi hua o ka heluna kanaka i exterminated, pepehi i ke kulanakauhale, looted ka waiwai a me ka aina. A hailona o ka poʻe i pio ma ka Mongols pio, huli i palapala hoopaa i na lawehana (tszyuydin), kauwa a me na kauwakane. Oia ka hopena i hanaiaʻi a me kauwa ma na kauhale, a me na artisans i loko o nā kūlanakauhale, a me ka mea wale nō likeʻole i ana ka hoʻokiwikā artisans pinepine hookauwa Mongolian kikowaena mana.

Mōʻaukala o Kina i loko o ka XIII kenekulia.