Crimea me hapa o Rusia. I ka hoi ana mai o ka Crimea i Rusia

Kupa o ka Crimean Peninsula ma March 2014 aneane ua hoʻoholo like hooholoia ma ka referendum no ka hoi ana mai o ka Crimea i Rusia. Uila manaʻo hoʻoholo ia ma ka State Duma o Rusia, a me ka Peresidena i alakai aku na mea he nui nā kānaka kālailai e manaoio i ka kūikawā hana papahana i hoomakaukau ai no ka lōʻihi manawa, a me na nā mea hana keaka i kā lākou mau manamana loa. Ka mea a ka mea, ua, akā, no ka Crimea like hapa o Rusia, a me ka manawa a pau i loko o anticipation o ka hopena o keia ano kūkaʻi 'kekahi hanana.

International kānāwai, a me ka makemake o na kanaka o Crimea

Ma Contemporary ke kānāwai haka pono mau conflicting manaÿo: o ka pono o ka moku'āina, a me ka pono o ka lāhui kanaka i ka hoʻoponopono-paa. No ka "monogosudarstv" ( 'o ia hoʻi, ka poe nona ka ?? eoi? Ua noho ma ka wale kekahi lāhui kanaka), a pau noonoo ole a me ka hala ole. Akā, i ka wā e hele mai i ka nunui-lāhui Hawaii, i nā kānāwai hoole aku paha i kekahi i kekahi. A i loko o keia kulana, e like me ko oukou ike ana, a pau ka noa, e hoomaopopo i ka mea kahiko i loko o ko lākouʻaoʻao iho. Nolaila, i ka wa a ka Crimea lilo kekahi hapa o Rusia, ke ao nei kaiāulu outraged, a hoomaka ae la e olelo aku e pili ana i ka hoʻohui'āina o nā panalāʻau e noho.

Kālai'āinaʻepekema hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i "ka mōʻaukala o ka Crimean" oko a iki mai na hanana ma Kosovo i ka 2008. NATO koa naehana komo Kosovo i mea e pale aku i ka Serbs ole i ka referendum. i kekahi nā ho'āpono i hookauia iho e ka un, e auhau ia lakou i ka poe hao wale. Kahi o Pēlā i hana ai Rusia, i ka wa a ka Crimean hale kanawai i hoouna mai i ke noi i ka State Duma o ka Russian Hui. Ke wale koena unuhi o ia mea, i ole e pono e komo i kekahi mea: Ua mālama i ka contingent o Lūkini poʻe hao wale i loko o ka Crimea no ka oi ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki.

Crimeans - i ka lāhui kanaka a me ka "leo kahea o ka naau"

Eia naʻe, kamailio e pili ana i ka pakiko-manao paa o nā lāhui kanaka mea hiki ole: he mea i loko o ke ano o "ka Crimean lāhui kanaka." E like me ka helu heluna o ma kahi o 60% ma ka Russian Crimean, 25% a me ka 10% Ukrainian Tatar. Nae, like me nā mea a pau o Ukraine mea hiki ole i ka olelo i keia a me ia oa ?? eoi? Na kanaka] ma ka lāhui Ukrainians a me ka lāhui i Russian. 'Aʻole wale ia, ua loa like na kanaka ia lakou iho, no laila, i kekahi manawa, a no nā makahiki a me ka hui kupa.

Paha hou pololei i ka olelo i ka krymchanin - ia Aloha ole Lūkini, Ukrainian paha Tatar, a me ke kanaka i lawe mai ai i loko o ka nani loa akā, hana nui ana. Ke ano a me ka aniau o ka Peninsula hooili manaʻo kanaka a me ka maluhia, akā, i ka mea ia manawa nō i hoʻohalahala kai a me ka luna 'Leeuwerikplein henua hikiwawe i ka makemake a me ka ikaika, ka manao a me ka haʻaheo.

Apono o ka Crimea i Rusia contradictory a controversial no hoi, no ka mea, e like me kūwaho hoʻi me ka hana pono, i ka auaaeaiea o ka hapa o ka moku'āina me he kuokoa aneiaiʻahahui me ke kūʻokoʻa. Akā, e komo i loko o ka 'ē aʻe aina - ole. No laila, i loko o ka manawa, ua hiki Abkhazia a me Ossetia, Transnistria a me ka ia Kosovo. Crimeans ua maopopo i olelo ia, e hui i ka Russian Hui.

Mōʻaukala o Crimea

Ke Peninsula lilo Rusia ma ka XVIII kenekulia, i ka wa a ka moku'āina mea, e hoomalu aku i ko lakou pomaikai ma ka Black Sea, a ma ka papa o ka helu o ke kaua lepo pipili no hoi i ko lakou mau mea e pono ai i loko o kēia māhele 'āina.

By kauoha o Empress Ana II o Crimea like hapa o Rusia i equated i ka "nā mea hana keaka" 'ē aʻe: ka Tatars me ka mea pono e like me nā poʻe (ku okoa ana o ka hoomana,' ōlelo, ka nohona, etc.). A, o ka moku'āina i ole hoʻololi i a me ka noonoo o kanaka. Akā, ma hope o ka hoomalu ana o Sevastopol i ka War, Crimean i hele ae la ia ma ka moolelo like me ka hoomalu ana i mua, hoomaka ae la ka poe kamaaina a me defenders o ke kulanakauhale, e lawe shape Lūkini patriotism.

Naʻe, i ke alo o ka Black Sea'auwaʻa ua nui Hāʻule maila lākouʻEulopa Hawaii, ka poe i kokua i ko lakou mau pono a hiki i ka Balkan Peninsula , a ma Asia. Ma ka Crimean Kaua o 1853-56. Rusia Ua luku aku, a no ka mea e hiki mai ana 20 makahiki i haʻakoi e haʻalele i ka Peninsula, hoopau ia i ka Black Sea'auwaʻa kaua. Akā, pela no, o ka lānai hou i hana kulanakauhale o Crimea like hapa o Rusia i koe. Sevastopol a me nā noho i kuhi Lūkini ?? eoi? Ma ka Crimean Khan.

Hana nona iho Repubalika o Crimea

Ma ka Soviet Union, ka Peninsula ua lilo i ka hou kūlana o ka hana nona iho Repubalika o Crimea. Rusia, mai ka imperialist moku'āina i lilo iho i loko o ka Hui ma a na elele o kēlā me kēia lāhui kanaka, uaʻaʻaka mai, e kapa iho i ka repubalika. Akā,ʻaʻole i nā wahi loaa ana o keia kūlana. Ka hapanui o nā lāhui kanaka uuku, a nationalities ma ka hopena huli mai ia ia i kekahi hapa o ka RSFSR.

Crimea me hapa o Rusia mua kapa Taurida Soviet Socialist Repubalika. Crimean hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika i loko o ka RSFSRʻikeʻia i loko o Pepeluali 1921. Ma ia manawa, i hanaʻia a me nā mea kahiko Soviet republics, mea i kekahi hapa o Rusia.

O ka papa, ma hope o ka kipi, o ka heluna kanaka i ua hoano e oi ma mua o kekahi nń: ka nele o ka wai, iʻohi hoʻokō 'ole' 1920s, pu ma ka loaʻa pākeu (i loko o ke kēia moʻolelo maikaʻi ike like me ka Holodomor), i ka rejection o ka Crimean Tatars Bolshevik manaʻo, etc.

Iloko o ka Apana World War, ka Crimean heluna hoomanawanui i ka noho ana. A lua o ka hoomalu ana o Sevastopol ua nō awaawa mua, akā, e pale aku i ka Peninsula pilikia ka hou.

Ke deportation o ka Crimean Tatars

Over na makahiki 1942-1944 ka Crimea i noho ma ka Nazis, nana, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka hookupaa hoʻomanaʻo, e hookupaa hui ma lalo punitive poe mai ka kūloko heluna kanaka,ʻano nui Tatars. E ho ohana i ka Anati-Soviet propaganda, i ka Nazis paipai aʻo kai eʻe "malcontents a me dissidents" e hui i ka poʻe kaua o ka pakiko-pale, a me ka kaua e ku e partisans.

He mau pakiko-pale pūʻulu "kokua" i ka olelo hooholo ma deportation o kekahi kanaka holoʻokoʻa mai ka palena mai o ka Crimean Peninsula. Rusia mea nui, a me ka Soviet aupuni nō e relocate i ka Tartars i loko o ke aupuni. Hoikehonua, mōʻaukala kahea "ka hoopai no ka kipi," akā, he mea he mana e like me ka mea a na kēia kanaka Kelemānia i ka hee i loko o ka ku nā panalāʻau e haʻalele i ka holoʻokoʻa pukapuka o ke konohiki. E ālai ia 'i na mea kuka o ka Nazis, a hoʻoholo i ka hoʻohāmau Tatars mai ka Crimea, Finns,ʻauamo, a me kēia kanaka Kelemānia, mai ka palena mau, etc.

Ke kia-kaua hopena o Crimean

Map o ka Crimea like hapa o Rusia hoʻololi ma hope o ka Apana World War: ke kū kaʻawale oki ia nei (ka mea, wahi), ka hapanui o na Luna Hooponopono i Kapa hou i ke, a me ka mea mai waena o nā poʻe e noho lā ma ka lukuia, a puhi akula i kauhale i ka heluna o Ukrainians a me Lūkini. Wahi a ka 'ikepili helu, ma ka MH 1946 i ka iwa o ka makahiki, ua ma kahi o 600 tausani kanaka i loko o ka Crimea. Mamua o ke kaua, keia aka mea kokoke i ka 1.1 miliona. Kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka lāhui haku mele 'ana o ka heluna kanaka e mai i ke. Inā ma mua o ka kaua, Ukrainians a me Russian hoike no aneane 70% o ka poʻe e noho lā ma ka Peninsula, i loko o ka postwar wā, kēia huahelu mea kokoke i 90%.

Repubalika o Crimea like hapa o Rusia ana a hiki i 1954, i ka makahiki. Ka mea, ua laila, e hoailona i ka 300th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka reunification o Ukraine, a ua hoolilo Rusia kū kaʻawale ana i ka hoʻomalu subordination o ka Ukrainian SSR. Owai la ka mea e olelo aku i Khrushchev haawi Crimea.

Sevastopol -ʻoihana moku kumu

Like no ka Sevastopol, i ka 1948, ua loaa i ke kūlana o ka paʻa koa kulanakauhale o republican subordination. A hiki i 1961, a me ka mea noho ai. Naʻe, i ka wehewehe ana oia i koa ao i i noonoo i ka KUMUMANAʻO NUI nui o ka Black Sea'auwaʻa kaua. wehe City, a me ke kūlana o ka oihana kumu me kona pana. Ma hope iho o ka hookamaia ana o ka hoololi Kumukanawai o ka Ukrainian SSR i ka makahiki 1978 hoi i Sevastopol "kūikawā wahi": kona republican subordination palapala i ke kaʻawale 'atikala.

Akā, i ka mea nui wale nō mea ole ia. Loa importantly kanaka, ka poe i hoʻonaʻauao a imbued me ka uhane o ka Lūkini patriotism. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, o keia kulanakauhale, ua hoano e ka la iluna, a iho i lalo o ka Black Sea'auwaʻa, ua he wahi paa o Lūkini luina, a aole loa hoʻololi kona "kanaka," me ka loli o ka mana i loko o ka Crimea Peninsula. Me kekahi hapa o Rusia 2014. Sevastopol kaʻawale wahi ua haawi hou, ke kulanakauhale o ke aupuni pekelala nui, i ke kumuhana o ka Russian Hui.

Eli ana i loko o ka palapala, a hoʻopaʻa haʻawina iā lākou pono, ua hele mai kekahi mau moʻolelo, a mau kānakaʻepekema i ka hopena e, formally, i ole e hele mai Sevastopol, a mai lalo o ka mana o Rusia. Ka mea ia i ka manawa o ka "hoolilo" ka Ukrainian kulanakauhale o Crimea administratively subordinate i ka Crimean hana nona iho Repubalika, a me ka Russian Hui (ma ka mana o ka kūikawā kūlana o ke koa kumu).

Ka'opi o ka Soviet Union, a me ka hoi ana mai o ka Crimean kū kaʻawale

I ke kakahiaka nui 90s, ka wā ma kekahi halawai ma Belarus, ka mea i hoʻoholo e Hekikai o ka USSR, i hoala pinepine i ka ninau o ke kenekoa mana o ka Peninsula. Ka mea nui e piʻi like mea e hoopaa i kekahi referendum i loko o ka Crimea i ka 1990, i kūpono i ka mea kū kaʻawale i hoihoi hou ia. Mau makahiki ma hope, i ka kūloko Aha Council aponoia kona Kumukanawai a me Kapa hou i ka Crimean hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika i ka Repubalika o Crimea. Naʻe, i ka Ukrainian Aha Kukamalu o ka inoa ia i aponoia.

Ke Russian hale kanawai Ua pinepine hoala mai i ka ninau o ke legality o ka hoolilo ana o Crimea i Ukraine, a me ka pono, e lawe mai ia hoʻi i loko o ka Russian Hui. Eia naʻe, ma ka makahiki 1990, i kakauinoaia ae like ana ma ka wa e kaawale aku o ia kenekoa koi ana ma waena o ka Moscow'āina.

Ukrainian pili aupuni hoʻoponopono ulia i ka 2014

Hoomaka i ka 2013, ka mea kaulana uprisings ma Ukraine i ua kena ae la ma ka wehe ana o ka hooponopono o Peresidena Yanukovych ke aupuni o Europa hoʻohui '. Maluhia nuipa kue o ka heluna kanaka e ulu ana i loko o ka hanaʻano pākīkē hana ku ei ke kanawai? Eia kālai'āina.

A pau mahope hanana weheia literally uwila māmā holo: ma hope o ka wehe 'ana o Peresidena Yanukovych ka Aha Kuka Malu o ka Crimean hana nona iho Repubalika i i' ike i ka loli o ka mana i loko o Kiev, e kākoʻo ana-Russian Crimean koaʻoi loa, a ua hiki ke hoopaa i ka referendum ma ka hoi ana mai o ka Peninsula o ka Russian Hui me ke kākoʻo mai o Rusia.

referendum

E kau ia wale, i ka hua'ōlelo o ka pau nīnau ua hoʻouna 'ia no ka kūkākūkā lehulehu, ua: "Aole anei oe i ike Crimea like hapa o Rusia?"

Wikiwiki hoʻoholo a pinepineʻula a ka lā refenduma i kapaia hana hana o ka hou Kiev Aupuni. Mua hoʻopaʻa 'no ka hoʻomaka o Mei, i ka referendum "Ma kona hoʻi ia Rusia" Ua paʻa ma March 16th. E like me kona hualoaʻa, o ka Aha Kukamalu o Crimea hoohana i ka olelo hooholo ma ka kuokoa o ka mō'ī moku'āina - ka Lepupalika o Crimea.

Ke kaʻina hana o ka hui i ka Peninsula

Ua hai kona Kuokoa, ka Crimean aupuni ua noi ka Russian Hui me ka hāpai 'ana i ka Repubalika o Crimea a me ke kulanakauhale o Sevastopol ma ka Rights o ka Hui. Moscow ka olelo hooholo,ʻaʻole lōʻihi ma ka hoi ana mai. No ia ka olelo hoolaha o ka ea o simplifying ka loio i? Aieao no ka piʻiʻana ma nā panalāʻau e o ka Russian Hui. Ka nui, e hoike ana, e like me Lūkini kānāwai, i ke aupuni e noʻonoʻo i nā noi no ka ka piʻiʻana o ka Russian Hui wale ma luna o ka kūʻokoʻa hoʻomalu naehana.

Kamaʻilio e pili ana ia, a me ka Peresidena o Rusia, a me ka State Duma, a me ka Hui Council o Rusia "me ka manao" i Crimea manaʻoi hāpai 'ia mea,ʻaʻole pono. Repubalika o Crimea a me ke kulanakauhale o Sevastopol: I loko o kekahi mau lā a pau na formalities, a me ka Russian Hui huiʻia nā nā mea hana keaka i ua noho.

O ka holo ana, no ka hoʻohui 'kaʻina mea eiiieaena a me ka lōʻihi, loa i loko o ka hihia o "kekahi kaʻao ka" Leeuwerikplein wahi. Akā, me ka naʻau i loko a me ka makemake o ka heluna kanaka o Crimea malimali na hana a he leo, a pau pilikia e ala mai oe.