Ke Iron Lady o Beritania kālai'āina, Margaret Thatcher: Kawaihae, ka manaʻo politika a hana paha a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Margaret Thatcher - kekahi o na nā loea kālai'āina loa kaulana o ka XX kenekulia. ʻO kona mau hana me ka Kuhina Nui kuhina o Beritania Nui hele 3 manawa i he 11 makahiki. Ua ua He pilikia manawa - ia i ke aupuni i loko o ka hohonu waiwai a me ka nohona ulia, England i kapaʻia ka "maʻi kanaka oʻEulopa." Margaret ua hiki kona mua prestige o Albion, e hoihoi a me ka hōʻoia 'superiority o koa i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka Conservatives.

"Thatcherism" ma kālai'āina

Kēia manawa pili ia i ka mea hoʻonoho, i i wehewehe aku e Margaret Thatcher ma ideology, pono a me ka kālai'āina. Lākou ka mea, ua Kuhina Nui e lawelawe ia ia i ho'āʻo i ka i loko o ka hana pono.

Kona papa kuhikuhiE ano hiki ke kapaia ka "pono o ka like ole." Ke politician koi i ke kanaka ke neʻe i ka mea maikai, maikaʻi ma mua o ka mea i ma ka minute. Thatcher koi noa hana a me ka Initiative i mea e loaaʻi ia e pōmaikaʻi ai. Naʻe, i ka mea ia manawa, ua hoahewaia ke "kuko no ke kālā no ke kala."

No ka "Thatcherism" e hoʻokolokolo pono - o ka Kealialia liu. A pono i ka like ole, ma ka huli, pushes ke kanaka e ku ana, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ia lakou iho a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mea e like ai o ko lākou mau ola. A no ke aha la ia i hoohewa ole ka waiwai, akā, ma ka mea ku ole, koi a pau makaainana e e hooikaika ana e hoomahuahua ia i ka mea e no hoi ka hōʻoi 'i ka nui o ka poʻe e ola ana.

kamaliʻi

Margaret Thatcher (Roberts) Ua hānauʻia ma ka makahiki 1925 ma ka October 13 ma Granteme, kokoke London ma ka northerly ao ao. Kona 'ohana i noho ai, nonoi, me ka ole frills, ua hiki ke olelo aku i ka ascetic ala o ke ola no na kanaka o Western Eulopa. O ka hale, aohe ana holo ka wai, pono, no hoi, e noho ana ma luna o ke alanui. Ka 'ohana, he mau kaikamahine Muriel - mua, a me Margaret - ma lalo o ia no 4 makahiki.

I ka hiapo a puni ua e like me ka makuahine - Beatrice, ka muli loa i ka kiko'ī kope o Alfred ka makua kāne. Ua Ua manao ia e kona punahele, no laila, mai ka wanaʻao kamaliʻi makua hoʻomaka e vaccinate ia ia a pau na ano i hope i ka makua ola ia kokua nui, a huli i ka hōʻailona o ke au o ka conservatism ma Pelekane XX kenekulia.

I ka 5 makahiki, Margaret hoomaka lawe hoʻokani piano haʻawina, a ua lanakila ka poetry hoopapa, a hiki ma hope o 4 makahiki. Ma ia nā kumu kāki i ke poʻo kumu a mea Margaret mai la oia ia mea, ua nui loa laki, i ka i pane: "Ua i loaa, ia mea he e piʻi like." Mai kekahi kakahiaka nui kona mau makahiki, ua ulu argumentative, no laila, ua mālama 'he lâlâ o ka kūkā laau, a me nā nīnau, ua hoala hou i loko o nā makahiki kakahiaka o kuleana piha ka manaʻoi pane, e like kā lākou mau na¯, "ʻoki" kekahi interjections.

Makua - maikaʻi no Margaret

Alfred i he iniiaiie hoʻonaʻauao, akā, ka oko ao makewai no ka hou ike i ka hopena i ole ke lilo aku i ka lā me ka heluhelu. Keia mea e like ai ia i ka haʻaheo a me kana kaikamahine. Together ka mea, hele aku la i ka hale waihona puke, a lawe i ka hebedoma elua puke no ka mea o alternately heluhelu ia.

Ua kanu ia makua kāne i ka mea uuku Margaret mea e like ai i ia lua 'a pau. He ao mai la ia i ke kanaka pono "e alakai" aʻaʻole e "kipaku". No keia mea, ua pono, e hana i kela lā, manao e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai, a no kā lākou hoʻomoana ma ka kaiāulu. Alfred ka puana nui manawa: ia mea,ʻaʻole e pono ke hana no ka keia ua hana i ke koena.

Makua ua maikaʻi no ka ia, iki Margaret manao iho la oia ua ike na mea a pau. A ano hiʻona o ka mea, ua i makewai no ka ike. Ua i ka makewai no ka 'ike ka hoao hou. Margaret a me kona makua kāne i hele ai i ka papa ke anaina kanaka, e loaa i ka ho'āʻoʻana no nā kālai'āina, theatricality a me ka eloquence. A laila, i kona wa he 10 makahiki.

Margaret Thatcher hoomanao no ka makahiki e hiki mai alakaʻi o kona makua kāne, a hele aku la me ia mau mea ma ke ola. Ua i ka mea nana i lawe mai i loko o ke keiki i nā kumu i keia la ai ka a pau, ao ke kahea aku "Thatcherism" capacious manawa.

Lokowaka ka hoʻonaʻauao Thatcher

Ka Uluwehi o mai, Margaret koe e like me makeʻe kulana me ka kakahiaka kamaliʻi. Ke kumu no keia poe o ka manao ma ke ola ana o kona makuakane aloha. He ua i ka 'elele o Protestantism a me nā mea a pau hookuku hopena o ka, he okoa i ka pāʻoihana, he grocer. Hele loa aku la i kekahi hula a me na manao o Film, akā, koke hoomaka ae la e hana ma ka 'ohana hale kūʻai kumukuai Roberts, kahi āna i ike lea i na kumu o ke o ka pāʻoihana a me kona pono.

I ka Ia manawa ka mea, ua hōʻike ka hoʻokô '- 4 makahiki ua aʻo he Roma, no ke komo ana i ka loa' ihiʻihi wahine ka ke kulanui i loko o Oxford - Somerville. I kona hoalauna ma ka lumi hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i ala mai Margaret ia mea, ua pouli a me ka ho'āʻo ana e aʻo i kekahi mea. Ka lua o ka papa ua noho pilikia: hina ihola ia i loko o ke aloha a me ke keiki a ka helu, akā, ua hoʻowahāwahā brutally kona makuwahine Man, i ka i ana i na kaikamahine o ka grocer wale i külike no kana keiki.

Pīhoihoi kaikamahine hou a me ka oi ike i kona uhane eo pilikino E pili. Margaret Thatcher ua 'Imi' ole i loko o ka hoopaapaa ana pili aupuni, a ma ka makahiki hui i ka Hui o conservatives, a lilo kona mua Peresidena, he wahine i loko o 1946.

I ka 1947, ua pau ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana ma Oxford kulanui me ke kēkelē ka loa ia nā kumu kāki kemika. Koke loaʻa hana noiʻi-kanaka noiʻi celluloid lula ea ma Menningtone.

I ka 1953, ua loaa he kānāwai degere, a me ka ia 5 makahiki, E ka Haku e ia ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ua hana no ke kakaolelo. A iki ma hope lilo i akamai i loko o ke kula o ka auhau, ua aʻo i kēia hana e akakaʻi.

Penei, huli mai ke kahua mai o ka wā e hiki mai kulekele kokoke versatile: iho la ia i ka hoʻokumu paʻaʻana o ke kūkuluʻana i ka hana, ua ka haku o ka 'ike ma luna kānāwai a me na auhau, ma ka hou, e aʻoʻana iā Kalani i loko o ka' epekema kaʻina, a me ka hapanui importantly, i ka mihi o Margaret Thatcher ke awa o ke ahiahi, i loko o ia mau lā, i ka wa a ua malie loa mai o ka lāʻau kū o Kuhina Nui lawelawe.

pili aupuni Debut

Oddly lawa, akā, ma hope o ka pau ana o ke kula, Margaret ike i kahi e hoʻomau lākou mau haʻawina - ma Oxford. No ke aha malaila? No ka mea, ma keia kula aʻo a pau wā e hiki mai UK poʻe lawelawe. Aia,ʻo ia i lilo manawa i loko o make hewa, e pili ana i ka KAOU - makeʻe kulana Hui ma Oxford University. No laila, ka mea, hoomaka ae la kona pii ana i ka Olympus kālai'āina.

Oia hoi, alaila, i ka makemake e holo no ka waiwai-Luna kino, akā, e hana ai ka mea i mua pono e lilo i pelekikena KAOU. A Thatcher lilo ia i ka 1946. Kēia kūlana Ua lilo loa manawa-e hoopau ana, ua hiamoe no 3-4 hola o ka lā. I ka manawa i hele mai ia oia i e koho ma waena o kālai'āina a me ka hoʻonaʻauao - ia koho i ka mua. Nolaila, ia mea i mea känalua 'ole Margaret Thatcher, he mua haumāna, a he haumāna maikaʻi, he palapala puka like "kupono", a me ke kēkelē ka degere, ua hookoia ka 2nd papa.

Denis Thatcher - he alakaʻi i kālai'āina

I ka 1948, i aponoia Margaret ka candidacy no komo i loko o ka hale kanawai ke koho, nae, o ka hooikaika Party, e i Hawaiʻi nei lanakila ma Dartford. To, ke kūlanakauhale o ka hanalima. No ia mea, i kona koho mua ia nalowale, akā, ka mea, ua hiki hou hooeueu ae la i kekahi wahine i sensible haʻawina.

I ka Ia manawa, ua halawai Denis Thatcher (ia mea no kana kane ka inoa ua ike a pau ma luna o ka honua). I ka 1951,ʻo ia kona makemake nui ia ia. Ke kanaka, ua 33 kona mau makahiki, aʻo ua he iki mua ma mua ona. Denis i ka pāʻoihana, a nolaila, hiki i ka bipi wahine me oe e pono ai nā mea a pau. Ano, ua hiki i hoʻolaʻaʻia lā iā ia iho loa i kālai'āina, a me na nā mea hoʻololi Margaret Tetcher (UK ka mea ino e pono ai i ka manawa) ua Hapai no ka lōʻihi manawa.

1953 lilo no kona "keʻokeʻo" ola nā kapuwaʻiʻehā. Ka hui i Thatcher i hanau i hānau pāluaʻia, a me ka eha mahina ma hope, Margaret hala ka hōʻike hope loa, a lilo iho la ia i ke kakaolelo. Hana kūikawā ana i loko o ka hana, ua koho ka auhau poepoe, ua aʻo ia pepa, i kulekele i loa pono i loko o ka wā e hiki mai.

Hōʻuluʻulu i ka poo mea pono e olelo mai ia Dennis i he nui kūlana ma ka pili aupuni ulu Margaret hoʻokani. Ua i ma hope o ka ahaaina mare mai, ua hiki loa haawi i kona puni kaulana a - kālai'āina.

Road i ka hale kanawai

Ma ka hopena o 1950 ka Margaret me ka hou ikehu hoomaka ae la e hana ai no ka hale kanawai ke koho. Ka loa paʻakikī mea ua e imi i ke kalana, i hiki ke ku like me ka moho. Ua hoomaka me Kent, akā, ka mea, ua i ka lua e ka mea, ua paa ke alanui i ka hale kanawai. Ma kekahi apana o ka mea ia kalana kulana like me kela ano keia ano. I ka Ia manawa i loko o Finchley hoʻokō 'ole' ana moho e holo no ka hale kanawai. Hana ua hoomaka! I komo ma kēia paena ua 200 kanaka. kākau Competition, i kūpono i ka 22 i komo i koho ia ana. Alaila mumule iho ku una ha i hōʻike, ma hope a ma laila nō wale 4 moho, i waena o ka mea ua Margaret Thatcher. Ua Ua koho 'ia e like me ka moho o ka Apana, i ke ano o ia kona maoli koho i ka hale kanawai.

I ka 1959, ua hele mai i ka Beritania hale kanawai - Ua wehe i ke ala i kālai'āina. Ia manawa ua nui loa lakou malaila no conservatives hoomaka ka manaʻo pohihihi i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai, Kuhina Nui Kuhina Macmillan haule maʻi, a haʻalele nō naʻe. A hale kanawai koho i ka 1964, "e noho ana" ma ka Aha makeʻe kulana kue. Akā, ua loaʻa iā ia Margaret i ka ia makahiki, ua hoonohoia iho Pua Kuhina no Ei?.

'aoʻao alakaʻi

70 makahiki i Ua paʻakikī no ka hoʻokele waiwai, a me ka na pilikia i loko o ka UK. Ma ka postwar wā hoomaka ae la e auhee aku i loko o kona kūpono 'ana o ka aina a me ka ua i hui pū a hiki i ka luna he umi luna,ʻaʻole naʻe ka mea, ua mau ia i ka mua.

I ka 1974, ua ho'ālaʻia ka ninau e pili ana i ke koho ana o ke poo o na conservatives. Margaret Thatcher i aku kona candidacy e lilo i enemi i kaʻikena alakaʻi E. Heath. ua haʻalele iā ia ma ka hawewe ke koho ana: 276 - 130 balota i hoolei aku i loko o ke aloha o Thatcher a wale 19 no ka Heath, ka mea, ma hope o ka mea haalele i kona candidacy. Akā, kahi Margaret i hou ka loaʻaʻana. Ka loa nui o i i ka Whitelaw. I ka lua o ka puni ana o ke koho ana ma 02.11.1975 a lewa he kanalua lanakila Thatcher Ua paʻa: no ka mea, hooholoia 146 i koho laʻelaʻe 'ia, i loaa Whitelaw 79 koho.

Ua ua He mea paʻakikī manawa no ka Conservatives, ka mea, i na manawa elua luku i loko o ka hale kanawai ke koho ana, i ka helu ana o na hoa o ka aoao hāʻule ikaika, hele aku la i ka aoao ulia. Ua ua maopopo: i ka aoao pono "hou ke koko." A me Thatcher i kekahi, e Makuakane me kēia pilikia nuʻukia.

Ke Iron Lady Margaret Tetcher Beritania pilikino E pili

I mua i lilo i Kuhina Nui e lawelawe ai i ka 1979. Ka mea, he paʻakikī koho: i kā lākou mau loa hoʻopau i kekahi i ka oiaio o ka lanakila o ka conservatives, akā, i ka hope loa na kii hōʻike i ka 339 o ka 635 noho ma ka hale kanawai e haawi ana i na conservatives. Margaret ike ia iho la ua e hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka manaʻo hoʻomoe i loko o kona poʻo no ka oi ma mua o ka makahiki. Ma ke ola pili aupuni o Beritania Nui komo i ke au hou.

Manawa like Kuhina Nui lawelawe Margaret Thatcher ua loa Makamae: lele aku i waiwai a me ka nohona ulia i loko o ke aupuni. Ua haule UK kaʻana like 'ana o ka hana i loko o ka honua hoʻokele waiwai ma ka hapa hope o ka Apana World War. Hana i ae mai ka pōʻino, hoemiia nui uku. A me nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā i ua hoʻoikaika e emi i ka pono o nā huahana i mea e ho'ēmi i kāki. Ke aneiai ulia i mua hoomaka e hoʻomōhala i loko o ka pili, hoʻonui i ka aina, mai loko.

Ai oolea, ka lima a me ka authoritarian? Eia o Margaret Thatcher kōkua mai i ka UK, a puni na kanaka Beritania kiʻi i ka ho'āʻoʻana o ka lanakila, a, e lawe mai hoʻi i ka moku'āina.

Margaret ua mau straightforward a me ka naueue ole i ka Hana ana me kumuhana ma nā pae. Ua harshly kaua me ka uniona kālepa, "whiners" a me parasites. He nui wale, kipaku kona rigidity, akā, no ka nui i hele ma hope o ia no ka mea, o keia hookahi hoʻoholo i loko o ka hoʻoponopono pilikia. No laila, ka mea i ua papalua hou-koho 'ana i ka lāʻau kū o ka Kuhina Nui lawelawe.

None o ke Kuhina Nui lawelawe o ka XX kenekulia i ka noho i kēia wahi he lōʻihi manawa. Ua Ua lilo i ka hōʻailona o ka au o ka hou o Beritania Nui, i ma ka helm o ka aina.

Mihi a me ka hoʻokō 'Thatcher

Margaret iho, i ole kapa ai iaʻu iho i ka wahine - ia e olelo: owau no he politician, a me ka politicianʻaʻohe hoohanau. Hāʻawi akulaʻo ia ka ikaika i loko o nā wahi a pau i ole i mea e maona ai na kanaka.

A ia ia i unleashed ma ke kaua i loko o ka Falklands me Argentina. Ke United Kingdom, a ua hōʻike hewa Thatcher hoike mai i ko lakou manao paa ma keia manao ma ka poʻe hao wale ma laila i hoʻolaunaʻia ma, ma hope i i hoʻoikaika i ka Argentine koa e haʻalele i ka mokupuni. Kēia iki kaua, ua kekahi lanakila pili kalai aupuni o ka Iron Lede. Ma ke alanui, ua hāʻawiʻia ka inoa kapakapa o ka loa Lūkini. Ma kona aina iho no unbending ano o Margaret mamao emi poetically, no kekahi laʻana, "Rama" a "mau mea i kahikoiaʻi pahu".

ʻO hana hoihoi i ka wā Thatcher i Beritania rapprochement me ka Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev a me kana wahine i ke kipa ana me ke aupuni i loko o Lākana. Margaret kapaia kona Soviet counterpart e "kuapuʻu" ma na mea he nui i ka mahalo, ka mea e noho ana ma ka aelike, eia nae, he oko ao.

ʻO nā mea hoʻololi hoʻoili ma ka Iron Lede, i hoolapalapaia i lalo i ka papa kuhikuhiE tenets ekolu:

• ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka auhau no ka nui pāʻoihana;
• ka privatization o ka lehulehu kaiaulu oicyenoaaiiie iauaeoia;
• he nui ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka hana bila kanawai.

Ka hope, o ka papa, ua like unpopular me ka hapa nui o kanaka, akā, ua moekolohe i ka maikaʻi kūlana i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai mae wale o.

Ua mea i nui i loko o kēlā mau makahiki o ka pilikia o Ulster. Margaret Thatcher Ua kaheaia hohonu pili aupuni akamai, ka maluhia, akā, i ka mea ia manawa kupaianaha paa. Ua kaumaha e haawi Ulster (Hawaii) kuokoa maiʻEnelani, ina ka ana o ka referendums hōʻike ana i ka hapanui o ka lehulehu e koho no keia olelo. Naʻe oiaio keia ua ole i: i ka hopena o Ulster mea ma lalo o ka aegis o ka United Kingdom i keia la. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka Ira (Ipelana Republican Army) a hiki i hoʻonohonoho 'ia i ka hoouka i ke Kuhina Nui e lawelawe ma ka exploding i ka pōkā pahū, akā, Margaret i i poino, e like me ka luna o ka makeʻe kulana Party.

Kuhina Nui Care

I ka makahiki 1990, Margaret Thatcher haʻalele. Naʻe, ka mea, ua hala ka pau ana nou. Iron Lady ua hiki ke hoʻi i ka United Kingdom kona mua mana a me ka brilliance, hoi mai ia kekahi manawa hou i kekahi o nā luna o ke ao nei hoʻokele waiwai a me ka kālai'āina. e noho kēia aie mau loa i loko o ka hoomanao ana o na kanaka Beritania, a me ka inoa o Margaret Thatcher loa imprinted ma ka pili aupuni mōʻaukala o ka UK. April 8th, 2013 Iron Lede ua hala. He nui na hana mana: Pehea makahiki Thatcher? Margaret ola ana i ka lōʻihi, hana hoihoi ke ola, ae hiki aku 87 makahiki o ka makahiki. Alohaʻoe huakaʻi i paʻa i loko o ke alo o ka Mō'ī Wahine Elizabeth II, na lala o kona ohana, e like me pili na kii o ka bygone'āina.