Dzheyms Dzhoys: Kawaihae, ka palapala, ai hooilina

Dzheyms Dzhoys, kona Kawaihae ua ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o kēia' atikala, o ka 'elele kaulana loa o ka modernism ma Ireland. Kana palapala, ai 'hana i i he nui hopena ma luna o ka honua moʻomeheu o ka 20th kenekulia.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence

Joyce Ua hanau ia ma 1882 ma kaʻaoʻao hema o Dublin, i loko o ka wahi o Rathgar. Kona ohana ua nui loa (umikumamalima keiki). Makua Dzhon Dzhoys i initially hana i loko o ka ohana hana - ka waina kuai. Akā, no ka mea, ua poorly, haohao o ka noho ana, holo koke akula nō bankrupt. He ia e kiʻi i ka oihana auhau. I mau, me ka 'oihana o ka hana i ole dusty, akā,ʻaʻole i ole mau loa ana o Ioane. Ma hope iho o ia, ua make pinepine hana hoʻololi. Together me kana wahine Meri Dzheyn, ka mea, i ka neʻe pinepine, no laila, James i kakahiaka kamaliʻi i noho ai i loko o aneane kela apana keia apana o Dublin.

I mea, o ka holoʻokoʻa kuleana no kaʻohana iho la ma na poohiwi o ka makuahine. Ua loaʻa kekahi uku hoomau, i nā mea a pau i noho ai. John-playboy aole i hookahuli ai i keia kulana. Ua Ua nui loli nā keiki i loko o ka 'ohana, ka mea i hanau i aversion i kona makua kāne iho. Hope, ma na hana o Joyce, kēia mau manaʻo, e ke lewa.

I loko nō o kaʻilihune, a me kāna hana o ka 'ohana, ke keiki ua hiki ke loaa hoʻonaʻauao' ana i ka pono. I ka makahiki o ka eono la oia i hoouna mai ai i ka Jesuit College Klongouz Woods. A laila 'o ia i ka Belvedere ma ka umikumamakahi makahiki. I ka 1897, kia-haumāna hoʻonaʻauao, Dzheyms Dzhoys i helu ma ke Kulanui o Dublin (Royal), mai i kona puka 'o ia i ka 1902.

ka mua ka paʻi

Dzheyms Dzhoys, kona Kawaihae proves ana oia meaʻoiaʻiʻo, he loea kākau moʻolelo, mai kona kula aloha moʻokalaleo a me ka 'ōlelo. Ua ua koke akaka i keia mea,ʻaʻole pono ke fad.

Kākau iki James la i hoʻoili ai ma mua lakou komo ana i ka Jesuit kula nui. Akā, ma ka makahiki o ka eiwa, oia i hana i ka poem, ua luku mai i loko o kona directness a me ka openness. He hoolaa ia ia Charles Parnell, o ka alihi kaua o ka liberation neʻeʻana i loko o Hawaii, a me kona colleague Timoti kēlā hili, nana ia i kumakaia i kona hoa, i ka hopena o ka a make iho la ia.

Ke poem Ua hoʻopulapula e ka makua kāne o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, akā, he kope, Eia naʻe, i ole ola.

Oiai këia ma ke Kulanui o Joyce palapala iho la i ka (essay) e pili ana i kona mau punahele kākau moʻolelo Genrihe Ibsene "hana keaka a me Life". Ua ua he uuku hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka hana. A makahiki ma hope, hoomaka ae la Joyce, e kakau ma ka 'ihiʻihi London Magazine "ka mau-pule manual". Kona puke mua i ka 'atikala Ibsen ka hula "New hana keaka" ma. Piʻi wale kākau la i ka uku maikai, akā, me ka mea waiwai i ka hoÿomaikaÿi ÿia o ka playwright no ia.

No hoi i ka 1900, ua palapala mai i ka hula "maikaʻi loa 'oihana". He ka Mohai Ibsen wale ole.

Ma hope mai o ka make ana o Ruskin Joyce 'atikala "ka lei aliʻi o ka oliva" i paʻiʻia ma ka puke ma ka mea kākau moʻolelo i mea kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hopena o ke kaulana Pelekāne.

Mai 1901,ʻano nui komo i loko o ka unuhi (no ka laʻana, Hauptmann ka "Mamua o Sunrise").

Ma October 1902, James ua hiki ke halawai me Yates. E like me ka mea hope, mākou piʻi wale kākau moʻolelo naʻauao loa arrogantly. Ua, Joyce ua typical o kēia hana, akā, i hiki ole ia ia keia e e aloha a me keia ano i kanaka.

Paris

A Joyce puka 'o ia mai ke kula nui. Mua ona e kū ana i ka hihia: mea e hana e hiki mai ana? 'Ke noʻonoʻo no kekahi manawa e pili ana ia, ka mea hoʻoholo i kona makemake, e hana laau lapaau. 'O kēia ke kumu ia mea ma ka hoʻomaka o December 1902 hele i Paris.

Dzheyms Dzhoys, nona Kawaihae i kekahi manawa kahaha ko oukou naau, i loko o ka loa pilialoha kūlanakauhale i loko o ke ao nei koke poina e pili ana i ka manao o kona huakai. Medicine literally ka ino mai kona poo.

He lilo i ka papa ma ka National Waihona Puke, heluhelu i ka hailona a me ka manao. Mai kēia mau manao e ho'ōla huli poetry ohi "keena mele" a me ka Aina, hana, a kapa iho la oia "Epiphany," Dzheyms Dzhoys ia ia iho. Iki i kēia manaʻo i ka lewa i loko o ka "Stephen Hero" (puke kākau) a me ka ano o ka kakahiaka nui Joyce ka aesthetic kumumanaʻo.

Eia hou kekahi, James hoouna mea a me ka puke hōʻike manaʻo i ka mokupuni, ka mea i pai ia ma ka "Dublin kela la i keia Express".

Ma ka waena o 1903 make kona makuwahine Joyce. Ka hope mahina o kāna keiki i loko o Dublin. Akā, no ka mea, o ka pāonioni ma luna o kaʻoihana kai (Joyce hōʻole hoʻomana), ma hope o ka waiho ana i ka makuahine aʻu i manao hewa, a hoomaka ae la e kinai iho ia me ka waiʻona.

Mai 1904, hoomaka ae la oia e hana i ka mea mua nui hana - ". A Hero o Steven" ka puke Ma ia laua, e hana ana ma luna o poem, a hope e e komo i loko o ka ohi "Dubliners".

June 10 ka hana fateful halawai ma Joyce ka ola. He halawai i kona wā e hiki mai ka wahine, Nora. I ia manawa, ua hana me ke kaikamahine ma ka hokele. Mai ia lā ma luna o, ka mea, aneane loa puunaue iho la lakou.

I loko o kēia wā, James kākau a publishes ma Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke o ka hailonaʻana o nā moʻolelo. A ma ka hopena, i kahi hookahi me Nora, hele akula ia i 'Eulopa, i ka pelapela.

I ka 1905, ma Trieste, o ka hui i ke keiki Giorgio, a ma 1907 - ke kaikamahine Lucia. Ua mea noteworthy i ke kaikamahine i hānau i loko o ka haukapila no ka poe ilihune. Joyce mea i loko o ka pilikia kālā kulana, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka makua kāne o ka 'ohana, a me ka puu o ka hana. Ke ohi "Dubliners" ole kekahi i makemake e kala aku, o ka oi aku ma Ireland. He Ua noonoo unpatriotic, a me ka hoʻopuka o ka lehulehu puʻe i mua kauoha i ka'a'āʻana o ke kope makaukau no ka kuai.

Zurich

Aie i ka outbreak o World Joyce puʻe wale akula kēlā, e hele i Zurich, kahi e noho lakou a hiki i 1919. James i mua hoomaka e hana ma luna o ka loa nui puke i loko o ke ola - ". Ulysses"

Life ma Zurich ua pepeiaohao nui no ka mea iʻaneʻi i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i pau ai i ka hana ma luna o kekahi o kona maikai mau hana - ". He Makuahine o ka Artist like me ka Young Man" o ka puke Kekahi mau mokuna Ua ike au i ka malamalama, akā, i ka pau Revised edition ua i makaukau.

"He Makuahine o ka Artist like me ka Young Man"

Kēia puke o James Joyce ka autobiographical. He hooponopono hou ia mai ka mua i kākau "Stephen Hero."

Ka puke i mua paʻi ia ma 1916 ma ka United States, mahalo no ka hoʻoikaikaʻana Hariett hoa Joyce mea ulana, he mua ka luna hoʻoponopono o "Egoist". A laila, ka mea i paʻiʻia ma Austria a me nā'āina'ē.

Ka mea kākau ho'ākāka ka muli o ka meʻe ma ka inoa o Stiven Dedal, ka mea i loko o "Ulysses," E hōʻike i loko o ka wā e hiki mai i ka puke. Dzheyms Dzhoys maila e pili ana i ke ano like me kona hoololi ae-ego. Daedalus e kanalua i ka oiaio o na postulates o Catholicism a me ka pono o ka mea o kēia kaiāulu i loko o Ireland.

"Ulysses"

A hiki i 1922 i loko o kekahi mau Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke mai o ke poo o ka mea hou puke ma Joyce. Akā, koke, a hiki ma ka United States banned ia no kala. Ma Beritania, ke moratorium ana a hiki i 1936. Ma ka hopena, i paʻi i ka puke ma Palika. Ua Ua hoʻokuʻuʻia ma luna o Feberuari 2 - i ka lā o ka hanau ana o ka mea kākau.

Hiki i ka mea kākau moʻolelo moe laila, i ka mea i kana hana i kapaʻia ka apex o ka modernism mea, e loaa ia ia ke kiʻekiʻe o kona "Ulysses"? Dzheyms Dzhoys hana keia i kanalua! He ua hana i ka mea hiki ole polystylistic hana, ua piha oia me ka mōʻaukala, philosophical, mau moʻomeheu a me nā kumu mua. I loko nō o ka pono io o ka'āina lā, ka puke i ka oiaio kamahaʻo a me ka hanana.

Mau manaʻo, e ike ia ua Dzheyms Dzhoys. Chronological papaʻaina i paʻiʻia ma ka 1931 S. Gilbert i loko o ka puke-study "Ulysses" Joyce ".

"Finnegans Wake"

I ka 1923, ka mea kākau moʻolelo hoʻomaka hana ma luna o kona hope nui hana. kapa aku la ia i kēia hana "ke Kiakahi Ke Aloha i loko o ka hana."

Dzheyms Dzhoys, kona Kawaihae ua mau loaʻa kona mau manaʻo i loko o kona mau buke, i mai la i kākau i ka mōʻaukala o ko ke ao nei. Mai ka makahiki 1927, hoomaka ae la e hoolaha mokuna o ka hou puke.

Ma July 1931, James kauoha aku mare Nora (a me keia mea ma hope o 27 makahiki o ka pili!). A me eono mahina ma hope, ka mea, i ka moʻopuna inoa Setepano.

I ka 1939 ike aku la au i ke kala ana o ka mana puke, kākau i loko o ka 'ana i kūpono o "kahawai o ka ike paka i". Maoli ai, ka mea, ua ka mea kākau Dzheyms Dzhoys. Books kahaha ko oukou naau i ka mea heluhelu ua i halawai. "Finnegans Wake" he loa o Pun, neologisms e puhi ia, ka mea kākau hoʻohana nui 'ōlelo ma ka palapala, no laila, i kekahi manawa, a me ka ole e hai aku ia mea ia ua ana.

Formally, i ka hana i wahi ma kekahi po ma Dublin, ma ka symbolic ilikai - keia mea i ka pau mōʻaukala o ko ke ao nei.

kanawai

Ma Ianuali 1941, ma hope oʻoki kino, e wehe i ka gastric ulcer, make Dzheyms Dzhoys. Kaha puana'ī, mai kona mau puke pai ia ma nā mea a pau o ka Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke, akā manawa i loko o ka obituary pauku. Ua ua He kaumaha loa no ka ohana, a no na kânaka a pau o ka mea kākau moʻolelo.

Kona ola a me ka hana i ka alahula mau keiki ma luna o ka poʻokela Artists like Dzhon Apdayk, Borges, Beckett. Kona palapala, ai 'ha awina i loiloi' ambiguously nā loko o ke ola, a ma hope o ka make. Akā, hoʻokahi mea koe ia a eia - Dzheyms Dzhoys i lawe mai i ka loa ma ka honua moʻomeheu.