Esophagus: huakai kaapuni 'ole

Esophagus mea he muscular haiki Tube. He ka moana ma i ka ai ua neʻe maila. Kanaka esophageal lōʻihi o ka mea o 25 kenimika. Next, noonoo i ka 'Oihana i ka nui au mamuli. E huli mai ma ka esophagus i loko o kānaka, i mea lapaʻau i ka hana. Ma kēia 'atikala oe e aʻo e pili ana i na eiiiiiaiou o keia Oihana, e like me kekahi o ka loa, he pono ole pathologies kino.

kekahi mau 'ike

Esophagus a me ka opu kanaka - mau Poʻokela GI. Ka lua o lalo. Ka mea mua o Nyos i loko o ka ciia o ka 6th cervical thoracic vertebrae i ka 11. He aha ka ka 'ole o ke kanaka esophagus? Ua ninoieo o ekolu wahi. Ka Oihana nā ka abdominal, thoracic a me ka cervical wahi. No ka mōakaaka, o lalo o ke kiʻikuhi kanaka esophagus. Ka 'Oihana i ike sphincters - luna a me lalo. paani ka mea, i ke kūlana o ka nohona kiwikā e hōʻoia 'unidirectional pele o ka ai ma ka digestive'āpana. Sphincters pale ai anal oʻano pākīkē Contents, mai ka'ōpū i loko o ka esophagus, a laila, i ka pharynx, a me ka moʻolelo lua. hoi hou i hiki mai i loko o ka 'Oihana. A pau elima o lakou. Elua hou - pharyngeal a me ka diaphragmatic - noʻonoʻo i ka anatomical. ʻEkolu o ia - bronchial, cardiac a me ka aortic - i physiological. Ia mea, ma ka mau, me ka 'ole o ke kanaka esophagus. Eia hou piha nānā i mea kūpono ai ka iwi kino.

kanaka esophageal'anatomia

Ka 'Oihana i ka pā pōhaku i kūkuluʻia no ka mucosa, submucosa, a me muscular a me ka adventitial papa. Hope i loko o ka luna o ke kāleka ua hana striated olona. Ka hola i loko o ka'āina o ka 2/3 (helu mai ka luna) o ka 'ole i UAIAaIN e ala apuupuu Muscle. Ke muscular ahu iho la ka i hiki mai i ka mau papa: he keena hoʻopoepoe, a mawaho lonikū. Mucous huna palahalaha stratified epithelium. Ka mānoanoa o keia iwi kekahi glands e wehe i loko o ke kino lumen. Ke mucousʻili lahilahi i ka ili type. Oeaeo stratified epithelium ke moe ma ka uku-puluniu ai pili aku olona. Kēia kūʻiʻoo cladding, ahu iho haku o ka collagen hale. A hooku iho i loko o ka epithelium a connective'aʻaʻa keena retikulinovye olona. Iho cladding, ahu iho ia i komo i loko o ia i loko o ka palapala o ka papillae. I mau, kanaka esophageal'anatomia mea he mea. Eia naʻe, ia mea nui,ʻaʻole no ka nui loa, ehia na hana e hoʻokō i loko o ka gastrointestinal'āpana.

kanaka esophageal kuleana pili i

Kēia 'Oihana hanaʻia kekahi mau hana. I kanaka esophageal kuleana pili i mea e hōʻoia i ka paipai 'ana i meaʻai. Keia mea ua hoʻomaopopo ma ka motility, Muscle contraction, loli i loko o ka puʻuwai a me ka umekaumaha. Nō hoʻi, i loko o nā paia o ka oihana pee mucus. Ua saturates ka bolus, a kōkua ai i nā kona anal i loko o ka gastric lua. ¶ A i loko o ke kai AIM e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka hoʻi loaʻa Contents ma keena gastrointestinal'āpana. Kēia hiʻona ua hoʻokō ma ka sphincter.

ka hoʻohuikau 'o ka

Ke kapakai a ka prevalence o abnormalities o ka esophagus a me ka opu, oe e hai i ke kēia: Ka mua 'akomi i mea ano, ua nui emi pinepine. Maʻamau maliuia mai ai ala me ka noho. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ke kanaka ka esophagus mea emi susceptible i ka poe 'ole' ē aʻe mea ukiuki. Ma mau, keia Oihana mea he mea i loko o kona 'ole. Eia naʻe, loaʻa nō kekahi mau nuances i loko o kona 'ole. I kēia lā, poe akamai i aʻo ka hapanui o ka? Ueony congenital, a loaa malformations Oihana. Most nā kauka diagnose'āno'ē'anatomia o ka sphincter ai pili aku i ka'ōpū i ka esophagus. Kekahi 'ano, he pono ole kina ua manaoia e e pilikia moni' ia. Ma keia pathological kulana kanaka esophagus hoemi anawaena (maʻamau ia mea 2.3 knm).

symptoms o ka maʻi

Pinepine ua i pu ia e kekahi symptoms esophageal pathology. Eia naʻe, paewaewa ma kana hana e alakai i ka lā hoʻoponopono hopena. Ma keia e pili ana ia mea e pono nō ia e lohe i ke ahiahi, i ka mea uuku, seemingly symptoms. Inā ia akulla kekahi mea mahuʻi oe e ike koke kipa i kekahi kauka. Mawaena o ka loa e like me ka symptoms o esophageal abnormalities E e kaulana:

• Heartburn.
• Belch.
• Epigastric eha.
• Pilikia i hele ai.
• Lumia o ka pöpö lepo hoÿokahi i loko o ka puu.
• Pain i loko o ka wahi o ka esophagus i loko o ke kaʻina hana o kaʻai.
• Hiccups.
• Ka luaʻi.

spasm

Ma kekahi mau hihia, o ka pilikia ma o ka hooholo ia ana o ka ai me ka spastic contractions o ka esophageal nāʻiʻo pili. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO keia kulana ua ike i loko o ui kanaka. More paha e hoʻoikaika i lehalehu t spasm, malalo iho o ke irritability a me ka instability wehewehe aku ma Central ko mākou hopohopo kahua. Pinepine i ke ano ia lŘlŘ i loko o kumu o ka stress, kokololio omo o ka ai, mau nervosa. Ma kiʻekiʻe wikiwiki, ka hoʻohana 'ana o ke kanaka esophagus huahana malalo i me mechanical ae hookaawale. E like me ka hopena, ka mea e hoʻomōhala ana i ka spasm ma reflexʻilikai. Pinepine i ka Muscle contraction ike i loko o ka wahi o ka esophagus a me ka'ōpū pili. Ma keia hihia, aia no he cardiospasm. E hoomanao i keia kulana ma ka au mamuli.

cardiospasm

Keia ano ua pu ma? Anoe? O ka esophagus. Kēia anomaly Ua wehewehe aku e ka nui mahuahua i loko o kona lua me ka morphological loli i loko o ka pā ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o ka pahikaua hou o kona cardiacʻaoʻao - cardiospasm. ? Anoe o ka esophagus i hoʻomōhala no i na kūloko ma, a mawaho pathogenic aʻe, embryogenesis kāna hana, neurogenic dysfunctions, e alakai i ka atony.

Kumu o ka cardiospasm

'āno'ē moku'āina ua malamaia traumatic poino, ulcer,ʻeho. Precipitating ololi no ka hou 'ana ua manaoia e ia i ka hopena o kaʻawahia i huiʻia. O nā, mua o nā mea a pau, e like me ka mea mau i loko o hoʻopōʻino na hana, ka waiʻona, paka. Ua maoli ka likelihood o cardiospasm esophageal stenosis , kena ae la ia e ka make ma luna o ka backdrop o typhus, heʻulaʻula kuni, a me ka syphilis tuberculosis. Mawaena o ka precipitating kumumea kūlana 'he kūikawā wahi likeʻole pathologies o ka diaphragm. Mau nā, ma ka maikai, e like me sclerosis puka. Noke keiki a subdiaphragmaticʻike manaʻo i loko o ka abdominal lua. Ma keia hihia mākou e kamaʻilio ana aerophagia, gastritis, gastroptosis, peritonitis, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly. Ma ka hoʻonāukiuki kumumea nā supradiaphragmatic a me keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Iwaena o lakou, i ka pau, līkaia no ka aortic aneurysm, ka aorta, pleurisy, mediastinitis. Ma neurogenic aʻe nā aʻalolo poino iʻike ākea i hoʻomākaukauʻia esophagus. Ka mea hiki ke kena ae la ia e kekahi infectious pathologies. No ka laʻana, i ka mea hiki iaʻo Waimānalo, typhus, diphtheria, heʻulaʻula kuni, meningoencephalitis, maʻi palū, polio. Nō hoʻi, e hoonaukiuki kumumea nāʻapu kōheoheoʻana ma kaʻawahia i huiʻia i loko o ka wahiʻoihana, a ma ka home (kēpau, ka waiʻona, arsenic, nicotine i). E alakai i ka gigantism loli 'ano o congenital esophageal paha hoʻomohala ma ke kahua o ka embryonic i ka lepe puke. A laila, eia kahi mea akaka sclerosis, thinning o ka pā.

achalasia

Kēia kāna hana i neuropathic ma ka ano. I ka loaʻa o ka 'aʻe' ana o esophageal achalasia hana. Ma ka pathology malama ma ka motility kāna hana. I ka lalo sphincter hana like obturatorʻano papa hana ma waena o ka esophagus, a me ka opu haalele i kona hiki e hoʻonānea. Currently, ka etiology o ka maʻi mea ike ole ia, akā, poe akamai i olelo psychogenic, infectious a aaiaoe predisposition. Nō kāu, ka pathology ua 'akomi i ka makahiki mai ka 20 a hiki i 40 makahiki.

'ā

Ka mea, i hoʻomaka ai ka wā i kekahi kanaka ka esophagus komo iloko o kekahi Nine Inch i huiʻia. E like me ka 'ikepili helu, i ka huina helu o ka poʻe i loaa'ā o ka GI, ma kahi o 70% - na keiki i hiki i ka umi makahiki. Kēia pakeneka kiʻekiʻe mea ku pono i ka poʻe luna hoʻi nā mākua a me nā kao keiki iʻaʻa hoonaukiuki ia lakou e hoao i na mea he. Pinepine i kuni i ka mea esophagus nā mākua hookipa ma anal i loko paʻakai hydroxide, i kiaʻakika pāʻoihana. Emi olelo, eia na hihia o ka hopena o Lysol, phenol. Degere o ka make i manao i kulike ai me ka leo a me ka lehulehu o ka hui ana i komo i loko. A hiki 1 ke ala kūpono. na hiohiona poino o ka ili o ka mucous, ahu iho. Ka lua o ka papahelu Ua wehewehe aku ma lesions ma na nāʻiʻo. Puhi i ka esophagus 3 tbsp. pu ma lesions i loko o nā pauku o ka 'Oihana. Ma keia hihia, he mea ole wale nō i nā symptoms, akā, e like me ka hoailona: intoxication a me ka hawewe. Ma hope o ka mea kuni i ka mea 2-3 tbsp. hana cicatricial hoʻololi i loko o nā'aʻaʻa. I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptom e Uwao haha aku i ka ikaika ahi ka waiʻona ma loko o ka waha, puʻu, a me ka umauma. Pinepine, i ke kanaka nana i ka caustic pāʻoihana koke ka luaʻi i, ma laila e e haanou ana o na lehelehe.

haole kino

I kekahi manawa, he kanaka ka esophagus kiʻi 'ikamu i mea ole ke hoʻololi i ka hōʻuluʻulu. I neperezhevannye ai liilii ia ke hana e like me ka haole kino. E like me ka hana pono E hoike mai, i ke alo o na oihana mua ua diagnosed loa pinepine ana. Na kino kānāwai i loko o ka esophagus like me ka hopena o ka nui kokololio, inu o ka ai, ma kaʻakaʻaka paha e kamailio pu ana kaʻaiʻana. Pinepine i keia oihana ike i nā iwi o ka iʻa a me ka moa. Ka muli o kekahi haole mea mea nona i kanaka, ka poe i ka maʻa o ka mea inedible, e malama i ka waha mau (pepa pakalōlō, i paukūʻia, 'ākau, etc.). E like me ka rula, i loko o ke kino o ka pā i loko iho mea me ke kuhikuhi mai la lakou hopena. Ua hiki i li nui.

ulcer

Ua hiki e ku pono ana i ka nele o ka pathology Cardo, i ka hoʻonāukiukiʻana anal i loko o ka esophagus o gastric wai. Ia, ma ka huli, i ka proteolytic hana. Pinepine pu ma ulcers o ka opu a me ka duodenum 12 a hernia hiatal. I hookuu, ma na paia o kanaka lesions i 'akomi i, akā, i loko o kekahi hihia i diagnosed a me ka lau, ka' aoʻao. Ka hooulu ana o esophageal ulcers ma kekahi mau aʻe. Pathology paha e kekahi no o kaʻoki kino, he hernia, a motility kāna hana. I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptom mea he paʻa heartburn, eha ma ke kua o ka breastbone, belching. I ka hana ana i meaʻai, a ma hope o nā symptoms e oi, pili. E like me hiʻona kekahi lawelawe 'ana ma ke kamepiula' ia ka vinega regurgitation o ka'ōpū Contents.

atresia

Kēia kina Ua manaoia e e he kaumaha. No ka pau 'ana pathology wehewehe aku makapo keena esophagus. Lalo kona Hoʻohana ka wā e hōʻike ana i ka trachea. Pinepine aku i ke kāʻei kua o esophageal atresia i hōʻike 'a me nā mā i loko o ka ulu ana o kekahi mau nenoai o ke kino. Nā kumu o ka maʻi i manaoia e e anomalies ma utero ho okumu ana o ka fetus. Inā e loli 4 a me 5 pule o? Acaeoey i loko o ka embryo ÷ ino, a laila, ma hope e hoʻoili i ka hewa ho okumu ana o ka esophagus.