Gangut kai kaua (1714): hōʻike, kumu, mōʻaukala a me ka hopena

Kekahi o ka loa hana keaka Episode o ka Hawaiian War, like me ka hopena o ka a Rusiaʻoki ma kona "window i Europa" kaulana, ua Gangutʻoihana moku kaua. Ka mea, ua i ka lanakila mua ma undefeated Lūkini Kuekene'auwaʻa. Ka paʻa o ka mea, ua kukuluia, he Holiday - Lā o koa nani o Rusia, a ua hookahakaha makahiki ma 9 August, i ka lā hoʻomanaʻo o ke kaua.

Ke confrontation ma waena o nā mana'auwaʻa mau

Ma ke kupulau o 1714 Rusia i wahi e noho ai o ka aoao hema a pau o Finland, a me ka nui loa o kona kikowaena wahi. Akā, i kekahi mau aina no ka naʻi ole, ua lawa. E Haʻalele i ka Baltic Sea i pono ai ka lanakila ma luna o ka Kuekene'auwaʻa, ka 'elele i ka pāʻana kona wai. He hana nui loa keia, a ua hoopakeleia e Peter I ma ke alo o ka noho luna ana o ka Lūkini squadron.

Ma June, ua he pono, e hooikaika i ka pā kaua koa kiai ana i ka pio Lūkini poʻe hao wale Abu awa, mea he nui KUMUMANAʻO NUI mea. No keia mea, a hiki i na kapakai o Gangut i hoouna mai la ia i ka'auwaʻa o ka maikai he kanaiwakumamaiwa aole ka hoe moku ma lalo o ke kauoha o F. M. Apraksina. Ua Ua haku o kanaono-ehiku galleys a me kanakolu-nā scampaways (ipu uuku no ka amo ana o hao wale). Na Swedes poe manao i ke ano o ka wahi o ka moku Lūkini, a me ka mea hoʻoneʻe e intercept lākou a pau'auwaʻa, alai ae ma ka Hope-Adimarala Gustav Vatrangom - inā pilikia ka haumānaʻoihana moku luna, ka mea i aʻo i nā subtleties o koa mea.

Gangut kaua - he Reuʻela,ʻo ia o ka hoe a me ka holo moku

Akä naÿe i ka Lūkini ka hoe'auwaʻa i Kuekene lima i ka hapanui holo moku, i hana nui ia e pōmaikaʻi ai, akā, i ka mea ia manawa e kaukaʻi ma ka ino ana ia. Mawaena o na mokuʻenemi, he ekolu ol ', he umikumamalima battleships, nā pōkā pahū-Galiota a me kumamaiwa nui galleys. Ke'ī mai, ma kaʻaoʻao o ka Swedes ka mea, ua he akaka piha kūpono o nā koa i i F. M. Apraksina he kuemi hope mai i loko o Tverminnskuyu kaikuono, a hoopaa ia ma lalo o ka uhi ana o na mokupuni no ka aneane i ka mahina.

Ma hope o ka loaa ana i ka lono o ka pahele, i ku i ka Lūkini'auwaʻa, Peter au ia i hoounaia'ku ai i kā lākou kōkua. He hiki aku ai i ka squadron hele mai mau maka a me 20 July hiki i Hanko. Ke aikane e noho incognito, ka Auguseto huna iho la oia i kona inoa maoli ma lalo o ka pseudonym Petra Mihaylova. Eia, i loko o ka maka o kaʻenemi, i hoike mai ia ia iho me he koʻikoʻiʻoihana moku luna koa. Gangutʻoihana moku kaua i ka lanakila o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa kona manawa i 'ohi ai ia audacious a me ka palapala kumumanao.

Tactical hele o Peter I

Lawe ka lanakila o ka Leeuwerikplein hiʻona o ka Peninsula, Peter au e hoʻokele i tactically outplay Kuekene hope-'akimalala. He hoʻoili i ka hana o ka narrowest loa o ia mea e ku pono ana i ka awa, a i SafeSearch flotilla Apraksin, ka ai-kapaia Perevoloki. Ua ua he kaola mea papa hele mau kilomika ma ka lōʻihi, e holo ana mai kekahi kapa a hiki i kekahi, a e leie aku ka kauo ma luna o ia wahi e na moku i ka kekahiʻaoʻao Peninsula Bay-Rilaks fjord. Ka manaʻo o ia ka manao e ae i ke kala o ka blockade'auwaʻa.

Ma ka loaʻa 'ana o kēia' ike i nā scouts, koke no i puunaue i Gustav Vatrang kona mau koa i loko o nā māhele, a hoʻouna akula i loko o ka wai Rilaks Fjord Flotilla, i kauoha mai ai ma ka Hope Adimarala N. Erensheld. Kona hana i ka make ana ma ke ahi o ko lākou mau mea kaua Lūkini'auwaʻa i kona smuggled ma ka isthmus. I ka lua o ka pūʻulu o nā moku i kauoha mai ai ma ka Hope-Adimarala Lille, ua, e like me kona manao, e hoouka aku i ka papa koa o Russian. Kēia olelo hooholo A ua Logical, akā, nae iloko o ke kuhihewa, a lilo ona no ka Kuekene moku.

Ua Hopu Lūkini squadron

Kēia māhele o kaʻenemi ka poe koa, a i lanakila o ka Lūkini Auguseto. I ka nana i ka lā - 6 August - ua windless a me ka malie, e like me ko oukou ike ana, e hao wale i ka holo moku o ko lākou mau papa kuhikuhiE pono - maneuverability. No ka mea, o keia haawina o ka hopena squadron o Lūkini moku ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka MH Zmaevich hoomaka ae la e wawahi i ka a me ka hoe ua hoʻokōʻia Kuekene moku elua e ku helplessly dangling mai o nā aliʻi no ka holo. hiki wale Swedes nana i aa e kupikipikio ai elusive enemi like ka mamao ma waena o lakou, a me na moku Lūkini e ole ae i ka hoʻohana pū.

Ma hope o ka moku mua, a me ka lua o ka poe, he 15 moku. Ua hana i kēiaʻoihana kaʻa, ka mokuna Zmaevicha ua hoʻokōʻia i ka Peninsula, a hiki i ka piha haohao o ka Swedes, puniia i ko lakou mau kaa, e kali ana no ka aina e holo Lūkini flotilla. Next Vatrang maopopo'ā'ā. He mea nui poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole hele poe ka paleʻana i ka flotilla Apraksin, mea no ma Tverminnskoy kai kūʻono. Hiki ia ia i wehe Hawaiian? Aiiioe? A hāʻawi akula i ka pā hale i ka manawa kūpono wahi e na ai pili aku me ka papa koa o ka hoe'auwaʻa e hemo mai ma i ka vanguard o ka'auwaʻa.

E like me ka kaua weheia Gangut

e malama mau loa i ka moolelo o kaʻoihana moku kaua i loko o ka moʻolelo o kona hoike kekahi tactical nā mākau a me pilikino koa o Lūkini luina. Mai na palapala o kēlā mau makahiki, ua ike ia i ka lā o ka moku, he mau hapa o ka paukū Erenshelda a Hoʻohui 'kokoke i ka'ākau mokuna o ka Peninsula, ua hooukaia mai e ka vanguard o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa.

Kuekene Hope Adimarala kūkulu lākou concave laina, ua pili i nā kihi o ka a na mokupuni. Ua haawi mai la ia i kekahi mau pono i ka pono o ka mea kaua, a kōkua kaua aku i ka mau ho'āhewa wale mua. Akā, i ke kolu o ka ua ona ia ia. Ka mea, ua i aku i nā pūhaka, a pela i ole ae i ka hoa paio e maopopo lawe ka lanakila o ko lākou mau mea kaua.

Hope hanai hakakā, lilo iho la ia i ka lanakila

A 'ike mea: Gangut kaua ma lalo o Peter 1 i ka hope, i ka hope o ka i i hōʻike' ee hakakā. Ua ua ike ia i ka lā o ka Lūkini ia Auguseto ia ia iho ia i hoounaia'ku ai i luna o ka moku, a me ka pii i ke kaula ana ma luna o ka enemi moku, ua he laʻana o ke koa a me ka heroism. Koke i pio a pau o ka moku enemi, a me kela mau lala o na kanaka, ka poe i laki lawa e ola, i lawe pio.

Gangut kaua moana (1714) i pau ai me ke kāʻili 'ana i o ka moku lawe hae o ka Kuekene moku "Elephant". Ma waho ona, ua lilo ka Lūkini hou Nā Kia he umi moku,ʻo ia ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka Hope Adimarala Erenshelda. Kekahi o ko lākou mau moku nō e hoʻokele i ka uhai noa, a pakele i ka Åland Islands. Ua hopuia a oia Erensheld i ke pio. ʻOiai i kēia lā ka pomaikai huli kona kua ma ke kai ilio kahiko, ka mea, ua i lepo i loko o ka hilahila, a ke pana aku la ia i ehiku ka pipi, alaila, haawi mai i ka Lūkini luina, waleʻo Rose i ka inevitable.

Makaʻu i mālama lākou me he Lūkini lanakila

Hoikehonua, noiʻi Ua kapaia ka papa aʻe, no ka mea ua he lanakila mōʻaukala Gangutskaya kaua. Komo ka mea, hiki ke 'ae' ia e like me ka ingenuity hoikeia ma ke kauoha o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa, he maikaʻi loa tactical noʻonoʻoloi, hiki i ka hoʻohana 'ana i na pono o Lightweight ka hoe'auwaʻa ma mua e holo - nui ikaika, akā, emi lawe lima, a me ka pilikino flotovodcheskie poʻokela ma Hawaiʻi o Emperor Petra Velikogo.

Hiki i keia manawa, noiʻi he mea ole kona manaʻo ma ma ka helu o ka ho'āhewa wale hoomaka lakou e ka Lūkini luina e ku ei ka Kuekene'auwaʻa. Ka mana imua o luna ua ma muli o ka hōʻike o nā kakaolelo underdog, a ke hoala mai i kekahi mau mea pohihihi. He mea kumu e manaoio ana i ke kaua i ka mea wale nō i kekahi, a me ka mea'ē aʻeʻelua i ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole o ka Swedes, ka poe i makemake somehow, e kākoʻo i ka shaky laila ka prestige o kona mau waʻa, a, e hōʻike i hele aku la i ka lanakila i Lūkini kaumaha kumukuai.

Meaning eo Gangut

Penei, ia lā nō wale nō ka pukaʻana Russian Moku lanakila i kona muaʻoihana moku kaua. Gangut Rusia hooiaioia e ia i ka ka pukaʻana hou ikaika malina mana. He nui boosted kona prestige i waena o nā'āinaʻEulopa 'ē aʻe, a ae e hoʻomaka ke kūkā' ana ma ka like wawae eha a me ka mō'ī o ke alakai'āina o ko ke ao nei. Eia hou, e lanakila i ka 1714ʻoihana moku kaua Gangut nui hopena ma luna o ka pono papa o ka Hawaiian War.

Me keia lanakila, ua hiki ke hana ke alalai ole ma ka mokuna o ka awawa o Finland, a awawa o Bothnia ka Lūkini lepo koa. A me naʻe ehiku oi makahiki i ka huina pio o Kuekene i, akā, ma hope o ke kaua o Poltava Gangut kai kaua - ka mua nui lanakila o ke kai - e hōʻike i ke ao nei i ka irreversibility o ke kaʻina hana o ka lilo me Rusia he trendsetter ma ka honua kālai'āina.

Lanakila o Winners

Ma September 1714, na Winners hele mai hoʻi i St. Petersburg. Here ka mea, ua halawai lakou me ka poe kanaka o ka hoihoi kanaka hele ma lalo o ka hoaka loko o kukulu ia i ka piʻo de Ka Triomphe. Ua Ua kau i ke kiʻi o kaʻaeto Lūkini noho astride ka Elephant. Elephant - pela translates i ka inoa o ka moku lawe hae Kuekene "Elephant." Ke hoʻoholo 'ia hoailona ia ironic palapalaia maluna penei: "Lūkini aeto' Aʻole e hopu nahu."

No ka Gangutʻoihana moku kaua o Petero i i hookoia au i ka inoa o ka Hope-'akimalala, a i maikaʻi pono, i haawiia mai kona alakaʻi o kūlana ma ka noho luna ana o ka'auwaʻa kaua, a me ka hiki i ka e kupono hoʻoholo i loko o ka luna 'tactical kulana home' ole. Ka hoʻolilo 'ia' Ua haawiia mai, a nui'ē aʻe i komo i loko o kēia kaua.

Koke i kona hoi ana i ke kapikala o ka luina i ka mineta tausani luina mau mekala "No ka mea lanakila o Gangut", akā, e like me ka wā, ka mea, i ole i ke hoʻohanohano a pau hookoaia lakou ia lakou iho i loko o ke kaua, a ma ka elua makahiki e hiki mai ana, i pākolu keia helu. Special Ka hoʻolilo 'ia i puka mai no ka luna. Rusia Ua mahaloʻia meʻe, mahalo no i ke kaua i lanakila Gangut. Sea mana mana ole kumu i mau, ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka nui o ke keʻena o kona pale uea '.

pio moku

Ua lawe pio moku Swedes i St. Petersburg. Ka mea, i kauʻia no ka lehulehu, mākaʻi ihola iā ma Kronverkskaya ducts akau hoʻokaʻawale aku la o Petero a me Paul hūlili ma ka aoao o ke kahakai, ma ke kaua Museum i keia la. Mawaena o lakou i ka moku lawe hae kaulana "Elephant".

Peter I ua loa haʻaheo no ia, me ka hoomanao ana i ka nani lanakila, a ua kauoha mai e hana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai no ka oihana koa ana, a, hana hou ia, e ai i ka mokuna a me ka hana ana o ka mea iʻano o ka hoomanao ai. Mākou i hana ai. Once formidable battleship kū ma luna o ke kapa a hiki i 1737, akā, pono popopo, i ole dismantled no ka wahie.

Ka ekalesia - he mea hoomanao no na luina o ka Fame

Gangutʻoihana moku kaua koi na ola o na mea he nui Lūkini, akā, e oi Kuekene luina. Iwaena o lakou, 361 kanaka i heluʻia me make a me 350 poino. Mawaena o ka Lūkini luina wiwoʻole i ka make ana o 124 kanaka i make a me 342 i eha. Ma ka hanohano o ka lanakila lanakila ma luna o ka lā, i ka wa o ka Orthodox Church kēia i ka hoomanao ana o St. Panteleimon, i kukulu ia i ka ekalesia ma St. Petersburg. Ma kona mea helehelena hooikaika hoʻomanaʻo kinikini plaque, i hākālia nō ka'āina a me ka moana i pili ai, ka mea i komo i loko o ke kaua.

Church i loko o ka wā 1735-1739 GG. He kukulu hou ia ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o ka maikaʻi-ike Lūkini kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone I. K. Korobova, a ua hiki iā mākou i loko o ka hōʻano palapala. Ua nui nā kama'āina i kēia hale, aia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale oaio ma ke kihi o ke alanui Pestel a me Salt Lane. No laila, ka mea i immortalized ma ke kia o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone Gangut kaua - ka mua Lūkiniʻoihana moku lanakila.

Sea kaua no ka Grengam a me ka pale Hankey

Ke oia ekalesia o ke kia o kekahi nani lanakila o ka Lūkini'auwaʻa, lanakila 'o ia ma loko o 1720 i loko o ke kaua me na moku Kuekene no ka mokupuni Grengam. Gangut hōʻike kū'ē i ka heroism o Lūkini a me ka manawa o ka Nui Patriotic War. Ma ka manawa i hele mai ai i ke kapa i ka Hanko Peninsula. Keia Manawa komo i ka mōʻaukala o kona iho, a hoomaka iho la ma ka lā mua ma hope o ka Kelemānia hoouka ma luna o mākou aupuni, a he 164 mau lā. About ia kohu i ka plaque ke aupuni 'ia ma ke alo o ka ekalesia o St. Panteleimon, ma kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana o ke alanui Pestel.