Georg Simmel: A Kawaihae. Ke akeakamai a Georga Zimmelya

Ke ola o ka German poe akeakamai a me ka sociologist, ua intellectually waiwai. Ua piha ka pilikia kona Kawaihae, akā, ka mea, ua hala loa he mau piʻi like. Kona mau manao, ua laha a me ka mahalo, oiai kona wa e ola ana, akā, i ka pilina nui i ka manaʻo o Simmel i hele mai i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 20th kenekulia.

kamaliʻi

Aina hanau, o ka poe akeakamai ma Pelelina March 1, 1858 ma ka ohana o ka nui o ka waiwai kālepa. Noho 'ana kamaliʻi George pukaʻano maʻamau, mākua mālama e pili ana i kā lākou mau keiki, ho'āʻo ana e hāʻawi aku iā lākou i ka maikaʻi wā e hiki mai. I ka makuakane, i ka Iudaio ma ka hanau ana, i ka Hui manaoio, huli ae la ka makuahine i Lutheranism, a i ua bapetizo a me nā kao, a me George. Up i 16 makahiki kahiko keiki maluhia i loko o ke kula, hōʻike holomua i loko o ka ulu ana o ka makemakika a me ka mōʻaukala. Ua mea i kona hopena ua kali ana no ka typical pāʻoihana, akā, e make ka makua kāne Simmel a me George ola ana hoʻololi i ka 1874. Mother hiki ole i ke keiki kāne, a me kona kahu lilo he hoaaloha o ka 'ohana. Ka mea, ke kālā no ka wā'ōpiopio, a me ka aʻo Loulou o kona komoʻana i loko o ka University o Pelelina'āuna kumu o kālaiʻike.

Study a ho okumu i manao

Ke kulanui Simmel aʻo mai koʻikoʻi thinkers o kona manawa: Lazaro, Mommsen, Steinthal, Bastian. Kela manawa, i kona mau kulanui lā, ike maopopo hōʻikeʻike i kona dialectical naau, i hope e e hookahakaha poe akeakamai e like Pitirim Sorokin, pono ai ka noho Veber a me Emil Dyurkgeym. Akā, i ka mea ia manawa, a? Oaony he nui ke ola o onei, a e complicate na ola o na mea he nui kanaka ma Europe i kēlā wā. Au ua i koe, a Georg Simmel, kona Kawaihae loa paʻakikī Ua pio ka polokalamu no ka mea, o kona aupuni 'ē aku. Ma ka pau 'ana o ka papa o ke kuka nei lakou i ke kulanui poe akeakamai oia UOAAaOON e hoomalu aku i kona doctoral ia hoʻi,ʻaʻole naʻe ia. Ke kumu o uaʻAʻole pololei kapa. Akā, ma ka Pelelina ma ia manawa i Kīwala'ō e Anati-Semitism a, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka mea, ua i ka Hui, i kona Iudaio aupuni 'ē aku iʻaʻole hiki ke hūnā ia ma ka manaoio. He ua i ka olelo Iudaio helehelena a me ka mea a laila oi ma mua iaia, alaila, e hana ino i loko o ke ola. Ma hope o ka manawa, i ke aloha a hiki i ka tenacity a me ka perseverance, George ua hiki ia nō kiʻi i kekahi degere, akā, ka mea, ua i hoikeia mai ia ia ia i ka makemake puka.

Ke paakiki ke ola o ka Kelemānia poe akeakamai

Ma hope o ua noho mai kulanui, Simmel huli no ke aʻo kulana, akā,ʻo ua i haawiia mau hana, hou no ka mea, o ka mea kino ikepili. He Ua kohoia Hope Kumu, a 'aʻole i lawe mai i kumu hoʻomalu makahiki, a hoopau i mai o nā haʻawina mai nā haumāna. No ia mea, Simmel na haʻi'ōlelo, a kakau iho la 'atikala lehulehu i kakau ole wale no ka me kēia kaiāulu, akā, no hoi i ka mau lehulehu. He ua he loio, nui, i wehewehe aku i kona mau haʻi'ōlelo ma ka laulā, mua hoʻokokoke a me ka hana hoihoi hānai. Simmel ka haʻi'ōlelo, he mau hana mikiʻala, ua ike pehea e hoopio i ka hoolohe, manao ana ma keʻano o nā kumuhana apau loa. He ua hoomau aku i ka pomaikai ana o nā haumāna, a me nā kūloko intelligentsia, no ka makahiki 15 i loko o keia kulana, oia loaa i kekahi kaulana, a i mau hoaaloha a me na thinkers nui o kona mau nā wahi, e like me Maksom Veberom. Akā, no ka mea, he lōʻihi manawa, i ka poe akeakamai,ʻaʻole i ka mea nui 'epekema kaiāulu ike i, sociology i ole lanakila laila, i ke kūlana o ke kumu' ana. Pelelina kaiapili o nā kānakaʻepekema akaaka ma ka palapala nä känaka 'epekema, thinker, a hana eha ia ia. ʻOiai ae hoomau ana i ka hana me ka perseverance: noonoo ai, kākau 'atikala, haawi haʻi'ōlelo.

I ka 1900, nae, ka mea e launa mai a me ka oihana iaia, i i hookoiaʻo ia i ka inoa o honorary Kumu, akā, no ka mea, i ole hiki i ka makemake kūlana. Wale i ka 1914,ʻo ia hope i ka kālaiʻike Kumu. Ma keia manawa ka mea, ua i aku ma mua o 200 iao? A me ka mahalo paʻi puke. Akā, i ke kūlana mea, aole ia i komo i loko o kou University iho o Pelelina, a ma Strasbourg, moku'āina, nā mea i ke kumu o kona hana a hiki i ka pauʻana o ke ola. He ua i converged me ka kūloko 'epekema waiwai, a me na makahiki hope o kona ola ana i manao ai i ka loneliness a me ka mokuāhana ma.

I ka manaʻo nui e pili ana i nā kānāwai o ke ola

Georg Simmel ka oko ao, mai kona wā nui nele o ka ike affiliation i kekahi philosophicalʻikena. Kona alanui ua piha no i alealeia, kahaha aku la e pili ana i na mea he nui, loaa ia ia mau mea no ka philosophical noʻonoʻo, i mua i ole pili thinkers. I ka nele o ka maopopo wahi mea,ʻaʻole ma ka lokomaikaʻiʻia mai o Simmel. Kēia i kekahi kumu no ka pilikia o ko ka poe akeakamai o ka hoʻohui 'i loko o ka' epekema kaiāulu. Akā, mahalo i kēia laulā o ka manaʻo,ʻo ia ua hiki ke haawi i ka ulu ana o kekahi mau nui Halaman o kālaiʻike. I ka 'epekema, ka hailona ana o kanaka nona ka hana a ua mahalo hoʻomaka e e auhauia wale nō ma hope o kekahi mau makahiki, a me keia ua Georg Simmel. Kawaihae thinker piha o ka hana a me ka speculation pau ole.

Kappa Georga Zimmelya i pau i Kant. Ma ka mea i ka poe akeakamai ho'āʻo e e ano o ka ka priori loina o ka nohona mea. Ka hoʻomaka o ke ala o ka thinker ho'ā i ka aoao o Charles Darwin a me Herbert Spencer. Ma ka malama ana a me kā lākou mau manaÿo Simmel ka hoohalike ana pähola 'ana o ka ike, nä maoli liluwelo pono kai. Poe akeakamai kikowaena pilikia o kona mau manaʻo i ike ai kanaka ola i loko o ke kaiāulu, no laila ka mea, ua haawiia i ka olelo i kapaia o ka "akeakamai o ke ola". Ua e hoopaa ana i ka ike a me ka manaʻo o ke ola, a ike kona papa kānāwai i loko o ka auoiaea o ka liluwelo palena. Kanaka kū i hiki ole ke manaoia ma waho o kona maoli hoʻoikaika kino, akā, wale i ka ho'ēmi i nā mea a pau iā ia ia mea hiki ole, e like me ka mea coarsens ke ano o ke ola.

Ka nohona kālaiʻike o Georga Zimmelya

Simmel ma Pelelina, e like-manao kanaka pu me, a mawaena o lakou Weber a me F. Hana, hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka German Society o Sociologists. He ua 'Imi manao e pili ana i ke kiʻi, ke kumuhana, a me ka' ole o ka hou 'epekema, ua kālaiʻia i nā loina o ka nohona mea. Hōʻike no ka poe, Georg Simmel, kaiapili AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ua poe like me ka hopena o ka hui 'ana o na mea he nui kanaka. I ka Ia manawaʻo ia i lawe mai i ka papa kuhikuhiE hiʻona o ka nohona nenoaiu. Iwaena o lakou e like me ka helu ana o i komo i loko o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN (aole i e ole emi o ekolu), i ka pili aloha ma waena o lākou, i mea ka kiʻekiʻe loa ke ano o ke kū pūʻuoʻuo a me ka pilina ka lewa. Ua i ka mea i komo i loko o 'epekema holo o ka manawa e pili ana i ka poepoe o ka palapala, a i komo hōʻike like me kona iho. He kahea i ka loa nui ka nohona koa o ke kālā a me ka socialized akamai. Simmel hana i ka Mea Maluna o ke ano o ka lawelawe ola, i ua muli ma ke degere o ka koke ole remoteness mai o ka "pele o ke ola." Life ikeia ia kālaiʻike me ka huakai kaapuni i ka hoao ana, a i ke kumu nā kālaimeaola a me ka moʻomeheu.

Ka hōʻike o Contemporary moʻomeheu

Georg Simmel manao i ka puu e pili ana i ka nohona keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a me ka ano o Contemporary moʻomeheu. He ike ana i ka nui holoʻana mana i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, o ke kala. He palapala iho la i ka puu o ka hana "akeakamai o ke kālā", i ho'ākāka 'ia ma kā lākou pōʻai oihana, loaʻa iā lākou pono keia mau mea a me ka hopena maikaʻi' ole i ke kālā no ka lehulehu. I mai la ia ia, maikaʻi loa, e hana i ka hookahi kālā, a hiki hoonawaliwali i ka moʻomeheuʻokoʻa. He mea pessimistic e pili ana i ka nohona kūpono o ka hoomana, a me ka wā e hiki mai ana o Contemporary moʻomeheu.

"Oihana o Social kue"

Society, e like me Simmel, ua nānā 'ana i ka manaʻoe hōʻeha. Ke AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ana o kanaka ma ka ke kaiāulu mau lawe i ke ano o ka paio. Competition, ka subordination a me ka domination, papa o ka hana - e pau ano o ka inaina, a e oiaio no e alakai i ka lawelawe i kāna hana. Simmel manaoio i ka mea, hoʻomaka i ke kahua o ka hou kūmau a me aiee hoʻi o ke kaiāulu, ka mea i - he integral hehee ai o ka evolution o ke kaiāulu. E like me ka poe akeakamai i hōʻike 'i ka helu o nā hana o ke kaua, ua kūkuluʻia ka typology,ʻo ia i ho'ākāka' ia i kona kahua, ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia kāu kiʻina hana o ka noho.

pahaohao manaʻo

Ka Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo ma ka nohona pepa i ke kumu o ke akeakamai, ka mea kākau o ka a Georg Simmel. Fashion, ma kona manao, o ka nui hehee ai o kēia lehulehu. Ma ka "ano akeakamai" oia kaupaona i nā i ka kŰia o ka nohona kaʻina, a hiki i ka hopena i mea wale akaka pu me urbanization a me ka modernization. Ma ka Middle Ages, no kekahi laʻana, ka mea, i ole nei, e like me Georg Simmel. Fashion kumumanaʻo hele mai ana, mai ka mea ia ia kō i ka pono o ke kanaka i loko o ka 'ike, e kokua hou kaiapili pūʻulu, e loaa i ko lakou wahi ma ka kaiāulu. Fashion - mea he hoailona o kemokalaka nā kaiapili.

Ke scientific waiwai o ka philosophical manao Georga Zimmelya

Ke ano nui o ka hana o Simmel hiki ole ke overestimated. He mea kekahi o na Mamua o ka sociology, hōʻike mai i nā kumu o nā lawelawe kūpono 'ana, noonoo ma ke kūlana o ke kala a me keʻano o ka nohona o ke kanaka. Georg Simmel, e kue ana i lilo i ke kumu no ka nohona akeakamai o ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 20th kenekulia, waiho i ka hana nui o ka lawelawe confrontations. He ua he nui ole ma ke kahua o ka olelo American o sociology, a ua he harbinger o ka postmodern manaʻo.