Hagia Sophia - i ka hōʻailona o ke au kahiko o Rusia. Hemolele Sophia Hale Pule Nui

Hagia Sophia ma Kiev - ka pāʻoihana kāleka ole wale ka Ukrainian paukü, akā, i ka moku'āina like me ka a pau. Pehea ka nui o ka aie a hiki i keia nani kuhikuhipuʻuone kia. Mua, Kiev St. Sophia - he hōʻailona o ke kahiko Lūkini, a me ka lua - ia mea i ka hoike o ke kahiko a me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia mōʻaukala. Kela a me keia kamaaina o keia hanohano launa mana wale, hoʻoikaika ihola ma ka liʻiliʻi koke i loko o lākou ola, e kipa ia he wahi nui. Nā iauaeoia oo? Ecia e hele mai i Ukraine, mai ka loa loihi kihi o ka Honua ma o ka wahi mua, a me ka eager e ike i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone masterpiece, mele ma ka mōʻaukalaʻoihana aliʻi a me nā memoirs.

Where ia mea

Hagia Sophia - ka hōʻailona o ka wa kahiko Rusia, a ole wale. Oiai keia luakini, a me ka Hale i ke kūlana o ka mōʻaukala hē, he lōʻihi manawa oia i kekahi hoike ana i kēlā mau 'au a me ka Contemporary o nā hanauna a pau. View o ka luakini, a me ka laua nani hoʻopaʻa i nā mea e pili ana i ke ano o ka moku'āina a me ka lehulehu.

Ka mole mai Kiev a me ka aina e oo?, Mua noho ana i ka malu luakini, puʻe wale akula kēlā e hele ma ka nui ele ele, a ua hoopuniia mod kūpono 'ana, e hele i ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka nui Hetman Bogdanu Hmelnitskomu, hoʻokumu' ia i loko o ka umikumamaiwa kenekulia. A laila, ma ka mea ana i hope ike i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone masterpiece, e pono e hele ma lalo o ka e pio mai bele hale kiaʻi ma nā pā pōhaku kiʻekiʻe, ka launa pū, mai ka hoomaka ana mai o ke XVIII kenekulia. A hiki a me nā mea a pau i Saint Sophia Hale Pule Nui o Nyos iʻaneʻane nō i loko o ka piko o ke kūlanakauhale - ia mea nō ke noho mālie a me ka hoʻonānea wahi. Akā, e ka nui paakiki i ka manaʻo iʻaneʻi i mau ai.

Once ma ka Hale Pule Nui no ka manawa mua, kanaka, e hoʻomaka e nānā kahaha ma kekahiʻaoʻao, no ka pōkole, akea, a mawaho o ke kanu'ōiwi koke ala majestically keu, i ka wahi lilo nui, akā, pololei a hiki i ka hoahānau o oi Orans - Virgin i loko o ka glow gula. Man Kahalaopuna pāhemahema kekahi kūikawā a me mļkina a pau. Akā,'ānō, e ka mea, e nui maʻalahi e noonoo ai i na i ka wawā nui ahalunakanawai, i mea i ohi ia ma lalo o nā paia o ka hale, i ka mea e hana i ka hoʻoholo loa nui no ke aupuni.

Conjectures a me nā kūʻiʻo

Ua kūkulu Hagia Sophia (i ka hōʻailona o ke kahiko Rus ') a ua hoʻolaʻa ai i loko o ka XI kenekulia, a nui kaʻoi loa, ma ka hapa mua. Oia hoi, i keia la, moʻolelo, kńnaka kau aku kekahi mau lā o kona hanaia'na. No laila, ka mea, ua hilahila ia i kūkuluʻia ai ka attraction i kekahi o kēia mau makahiki: 1011 la, 1017 la a me ka 1037 la.

Ka hope mau lā i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka mooolelo o nāʻoihana - Novgorod, a me ka "nui o Bygone makahiki", niioaaonoaaiii. E hooiaio ai no ka hopena mua o ke ao i manaoia e ia hoailona ma na paia o ka luakini, e like me ka hou ana o kekahi o nā mea o kahiko i kākau moʻolelo.

No hoi indisputable o ka mea ia o ka mōʻaukala o ka manaʻo a me ka maliuia'ku o ka ekalesia indissoluble pili i Kristiano ma Rusia. Ua e hana me ia, a me ka kaulana mana ekolu o ka mō'ī - Princess Olga, Prince Vladimir a me Yaroslav ka Wise.

E like me kaʻoihana aliʻi, i ka mua Hagia Sophia - ka hōʻailona o ka wa kahiko Rusia - a Pohon a puni o ka luakini i kūkuluʻia ma Kiev, Olga. Malia paha pela, i ka mea, i kekahi manawa ma mua kipa i ke Kamāliʻiwahine o Constantinople. A he mea hiki i ka luakini kiʻi i hōʻike mai iā ia i ka Heihei Hoewaʻa o Constantinople. Ua kukulu ia ke hou ekalesia o ka laau, a no laila, i ka 1017, aʻaʻole ma hope, e puhi ia i ke ahi i loko o Kiev.

Vladimir a Yaroslav

E like me nā 'ike mai o nāʻoihana aliʻi, me ka hou Hale Pule Nui o St. Sophia ma Kiev waiho Svyatoslav Vladimirovich. Ua ua he nui ekalesia i ka lāʻau. Ua Ua aia i loko o ke kula (ma lalo o ka paukü laila), i loko o ka wahi, kahi a ke alii i luku mai i ka Pechenegs.

Kuhikuhipuʻuone, ka manaʻo politika a me ka uhane prototype o ka ekalesia ua lilo ia i ka Hale Pule Nui o St. Sophia ma Constantinople. He impresses a me kona helehelena, a, loa paha, ua ka poinaʻole hoomanao o Princess Olga. A ina ua ae aku i ka oiaio o ka bapetizo ana o nā wāhine, ka mea, e hoʻomaka mai o ka mea i keia mea i hanaia i loko o Constantinople, ma ka ekalesia o Hagia Sophia. A i loko o ka Korsun ekalesia o Hagia Sophia i bapetizoia iho la ia, a kau wale o Prince Vladimir. He no ka mea, o ka hana ana o ka ekalesia ma Rusia i ole he ulia.

Ma lalo o Yaroslav o ka luakini ua e hiki kona piko, a Ua kuapo i ke kuokoa a me ka mana o Kievan Rus.

I ka nui o ka Hale Pule Nui

Kokoke ka poʻe me ke kapu o St. Sophia (ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka moolelo o ka honua nei i loko o kēia' atikala) i loaa, a me ka 'Oihana o Kauhalenui o Kiev. Pahale noho metropolitans a me ka paʻa i. Akā, a hiki ma ka puke maʻamau, o ka manawa kona mokuna wale impresses me kona nui. Nolaila, aole hiki ke komo i loko o haipule a me ka moku'āina pili,ʻaʻole wale nō ke aupuni, a me nā clergy, akā, kokoke i ka pā pōhaku i ka pono e hoakoakoa ia a me ka ano o kanaka i loko o ke keʻena ma luna a ma ka mea e hoʻolauleʻa ai i ka piʻiʻana o ka hou ka luna ma luna o ka noho aliʻi.

Pehea ka mea, nana

Aka, ka hapanui o nä känaka 'epekema manaoio i i kūkuluʻia ai ka Hagia Sophia ma Kiev i ka noho alii ana o Yaroslav ka Wise. A hiki i kēia lā ua hiki ke malama i ka hana maʻamau o ke kahiko kuhikuhipuʻuone, a me ka Waimanalo grandeur o XI kenekulia i ka hale. Ma keia ekalesia e harmoniously hui fresco a me ka mosaic. Ke kumu nui loa o ka Kalaiaina i ike okoa ia ka hoʻohana 'ana mosaic (kuahu, a kikowaena Dome). Ke koena 'āpana Ua hoʻonaniʻia me frescoes. I kēia mau lā anaina kanaka, a me nā hoaʻai e ike i ka 260 m + ² pono mosaics i hana ia XI kenekulia, a ma kahi o 3 sq. M. mika o frescoes.

Sophia Hale Pule Nui Hoolaa embodying ke akamai, a no ia mea, ua manao ka kuhikuhipuʻuone a me ka pena o ka ekalesia, e hooikaika, a hooiaio Kristiano, a me ka mana o ka feudal haku. Ke kuahu, a me nā kikowaena Dome o ka i unuhi maka o ka papa kuhikuhiE huapalapala a me Episode o ka Christian manaoio. Ka mea, i pūʻali koa i mea mai ka glazes i wai puna. Temple mosaic ninoieo o 177 Kolerova malu.

Ke medallion kikowaena Dome depicted Kristo mana. A puni ka zenith koke ae ku eha'ānela, akā, hoʻokahi wale nō huahelu koe i ka mosaic. Ka aila i koe ua ua huiia me.

iau lilo

Ma ka hapalua like-1930s, na Aupuni laila Soviet Ukraine, ka mea i hooholoia e ka Hagia Sophia (i ka hōʻailona o ke kahiko Rusia) e lilo i ka iau-no?. Ka Hale Pule Nui hoomaka ae la e lawe mai noiʻi a me ka hoihoi hou ana hana. I ka pau ana o ka hope ke kenekulia, i ka hana o ka iau i ua ike a puni ka honua. I keia la o ka National Reserve "Sophia o Kyiv".