Hanalima flotators no ka huikala ana o ka wao wai: i nāʻano o ka manaʻo, ka pae'ōnaehana rula

I kēia lā,? Aneie nīnūnē e ma ke pooʻaina i aneane kela halawai ana o ko ke ao nei i ka aupuni. O i ike ole ia e ka papa ua lilo ka hou hoomana o ka 21st kenekulia. 2017 hai aku i ka Makahiki o? Aneie hoomalu ma Rusia, a no ia mea? Aneie hoʻonaʻauao - kekahi o na hana no keia makahiki.

No ke aha la au e pono ai, e huikala ia wai?

O ka huina pua paha o ka World Ocean, wale 3% - ka wai, o ka i 68% - ia o ka hauneneʻe (i pono no ka inu), 30% - lola honua kumu (pinepine mai ka ua hoʻohaumiaʻia lepo) a wale 2% - ka mea, ua wāwahi ihola ka wai kumu. Mai ka global kiʻi o ko ke ao nei ia mea akaka i ka loaʻa nui o ka wai - mea,ʻaʻole pono ke kaili wale ia, aka, ia mea kekahi manawa he hana maʻamau.

Wao wai ua loaʻa i ka aneiai hana o nā hana, aia no iloko olaila he nui ka nui o contaminants i loko o nā hoʻohui like loa ka ana a me ka hooponopono ana. Nō kāu, ia mea he kaumaha i eliiaʻi (hao, nikala, keleawe, ke kēpau pōkā, o Hereme, cadmium, etc.)., Mea pōhaku aila, wehe puaʻa hiwa, Aluminum, kemikala surfactants (kemikala surfactants, no ka mea i loko o mea a pau e hua). Mau waiwai komo i ka loko, ma loko o ka maʻamau functioning o ka wai biogeocoenoses, hoomake iho i ka lepo, hoʻonāukiuki aku i ka ulu o ka uliuli-uliuli līoho, uaʻawahia i na holoholona. Mau contaminants mea iʻawahia i kānaka.

O kanaka oicyenoaaiiie aayoaeuiinoe i noho keʻena hale a me ka uku hale a pau paka nui mea o pollutants. Ma mau, mau surfactants a me ke alohaʻia, akā, hāʻule i loko o ka sewer a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia paʻakai.

He aha mea he kumuʻiʻo skimmer no wastewater lapaau?

Skimmer - He mea no ka wehe 'ana i ka palaoa impurities mai ka wai physico-Nine Inch hana. KŘpa a olelo ana, i keʻano papa hana i kekahi o na kumu nui aaioee modules ma ke akamai a me ka wastewater lapaʻau loea. Ua lawe wahi ma luna o ka skimmer ka papa kuhikuhiE seperation o solutes a me ka wai lapaʻau i i ka hae nā hoailona.

Hanalima flotators hiki e manao ia no ka nui mea kanu, a no kaʻa, pu ole, ma ka nui a me ka mea.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE Pahuhopu mea e līkaia no ka skimmer, a i lele iho ai mai ka wai ia ka pono ma loko o nā pollutants e hoano hou ana ia lakou i loko o ka insoluble palapala. Ma ka nakeke, ea ua lako i ka hōʻoi ', i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kanawai.

Na ke hoʻohana rula o ka skimmer no wastewater lapaau

I ka rula o ka hana ua muli ma ka skimmer e e ua holoiʻia ua hele ma ka meakino o ka lewa Oe no ka mea o ka hua ho okumu. Kēia hua ua kapaia flotoshlam, a ua wehe 'a ua häʻawi mai ai iä kūikawā dewatering noonoo. No Oe pio, a lawe pio ai, mai ka mea hoʻohaumia, na mamua mawaho o kūikawā waiwai - coagulants a me flocculants. Kēia mau mea i kiʻekiʻe adhesiveness, a laila ka mea, kōkua contaminants e agglomerate me kekahi i kekahi, a me ka lewa Oe, ho okumu i ka ai-kapaia flocculi.

Hue, maalo ae la oia mai ka kīʻamo a me ka kīʻamo iluna dispensing i hoʻomākaukauʻia, ke puliki ia me ka Padfolio contaminants. Oia ke kaʻina ua lawe mai like loa me ka wai 'aʻole i hiki i ka koi' ia, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kanawai.

ka manaʻo pohihihi o ke kaʻina mea e pololei hoʻomaʻa i ka mahele lāʻau o ka coagulant a me ka flocculant no laila, i ka mea pīlali ikaika ua kiʻekiʻe lawa no ka mea pīlali o ke Oe, akā, i ka mea kūpono flakes, ua nui loa ke kaupaonaʻana, no laila, i ole e hanaʻino i ka ea Oe.

A puni ec i skimmer no wastewater lapaau

Technology, holoholo i ka skimmer like me ka papa kuhikuhi aaioee mokuna mau ka loaʻa o ka Nine Inch mea kanu a me ka nakeke no e pili ana ea Oe. Mea kemikala mea he pahu aina me reagents (coagulants, flocculants, mekala 'åkilikai e hoʻomaʻa pH) a me ka mīkini'ātoma no hoʻohuihui ka mea kemikala me ka wai.

E like me ka mea i hoʻomakaʻia ea Oe like nui hoʻohana saturator ho i ka lewa hui pu iaʻi keena me ka wai, e hana i kekahi wai-ea ukuhiia. Eia, ua läÿau, ua napravlyayuetsya ma skimmer. carbonation mea ua lako pono me ka EII ni ikaika no ka ea hookuuia.

Skimmer ua,ʻaʻole i hoʻohana wale, ka mea, ua mau hui pū i loko o ka huina o ka wai huikala noaia. Puni ana oia i ka ka mua sedimentation ke kahua, physical-Nine Inch lapaʻau (ole skimmer Coagulator) a mahope me mechanical, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā kānana.

Ma nā hua'ōlelo, ka skimmer hiki ole hoʻolako i nā mea a pau o ka huikalaʻana, i kēia mea pono he hookahi wahi, e noi ana preprocessing a me ka pou. Komo i loko o ka skimmer one 'ole' ē aʻe lohi impurities alakai i ka noonoo ole. Nō hoʻi, i kēia mea hiki ole i disinfection a me ka hoʻokolokolo pono, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o kaʻaila kā huahana. No laila, ma hope o ka pono UV mea hoʻonoho a me ka sorption (a me mechanical) kānana.

Kiʻikuhi kiʻikuhi ua ma muli o ka flotation kaʻina. Flotation - keia wastewater lapaʻau Oe o ka lewa ma ka mea e extract wailana 'ona, a emulsified. Ka wai ua lako i ka papa kuhikuhiE aaioee pa alima. Aia kekahi i loko o ka manaʻo koikoi (ole depressurized) ano mua hoomakaukau mea kemikala lako i loko o ka mīkini'ātoma. No hoi e hanai i ka flotator lewa Oe Via carbonation noonoo. I skimmer no ka wai huikala ia lŘlŘ wastewater lapaau reagents a me ka lewa Oe, ua pohā ia lŘlŘ ka hapanui i loko o ka palapala o ka flocculation flotoshlama. Flotoshlam supernatant ua wehe 'ia mai ka wai' ilikai ma ka scraper mea hoʻoili i loko o inoaia manu.

Kēia sludge ka loa hoʻopale i ka ma paʻi kolevaniyam, nae me ka 'ilikai ka mea, ua hele ke akahele i mea ole, e uhai i ka hua.

skimmer lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe

Skimmer - he ipu hamama o ke kila a ea, ua lako pono me ka scraperʻano papa hana e ohi i flotoshlama, a loaa i ka conical lalo. Skimmer hoʻohuʻu ke alo aku o ka wai-ea kīʻamo no ka hoolako i ka läÿau, o ka saturator, a me ka 'ike i ka pilikia emptying flotoshlama no ka hoolako neoneo ka wai a me ka hookuuia o ka huikala wai. A hāpai i ka skimmer, ana aia ma luna o ke kahua o ka hana no ka pono.

ano flotators

Flotators wastewater lapaʻau oko e like me ana i ka wai ua paʻa kūhohonu loa me na Oe a me ke ano o Oe. Ka loa, he pono ole ano nā ÿole mechanical, pressurized a me ka electroflotation. Pressurized flotation hoʻohuʻu carbonation keena a me ka pumping pae. Oae, i loko o kēia hana pinepine i hoʻohana reagents. Electroflotation aʻole i pono i ka Nine Inch mea kanu, a me ka saturator, e like me ka mea ua muli ma luna o ka noho male 'ana o nā nā uila aʻa lolo i loko o ka wai.

mechanical e flotation

Mechanical (ole impeller) mīkini kāwili presupposes ia ma kiʻekiʻe wikiwiki crashes i loko o ka wai Oe. Kēiaʻano o ka wai iapaau ana no ka wai prone i ka hua nui a me ka paʻa kūhohonu loa kinoea. Ma ka mechanical e iaoia, na reactants hiki ole ke ia, mai ka turbulence hanaia ma ka stirrer, wale e puunaue i ka flakes contaminants. I ka manawa, me mechanical flotation mea ole, he pono ole, no ka mea kākaʻikahi hoakaka lawa, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kanawai.

Nō kāu, keia Hoʻohana nā flotators huikala no ka huikala ana o ka wao wai mai kaʻaila kā.

puʻe flotation

Ma keia hihia flotators wastewater lapaʻau mea e iai? Oaiaaiiua carbonation mea kemikala a me ka hoʻokele waiwai. Saturator mea he keʻena i loko i ka lewa ka pahu kui ma lalo o puʻe ma luna o ka lewa. Medium makaukau ma ka saturator, i kapaʻia ka makani-wai ukuhiia. 'O kēia ka loa e like me ka' ano o ka flotation a oi pinepine i hoʻohana. Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻina ia lŘlŘ ma pretreatment mea kemikala (coagulant ole flocculant) a mahope puʻe lapaʻau wai ukuhiia. Kēlā me kēia kinoea Oe ua pili i ka haumia ea iho, no ka mea, i ka nui attraction pūʻali koa ku i ka pae palena (ea-wai). Ka mua makaukau ana o ka wai? Ienoai aa ka, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mea kemikala, no ka mea, hana floccules (micelles), i kekahi i ka kekahi ikaika o ka attraction. Ke bulk o ka wai, ua wehe 'ma ka maloko wai ohe e hou aku ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i ole Ho'ā hou. Ma luna o ka kūikawā scraper mea e lawe aku oe flotoshlam - haumia ea, puhi me ka ea Oe keu aku i loko o ke kiaʻana i kāna palapala.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE lanakila o ka puʻe flotation mea he ākea huahelu o ke noi. Ke keakea o ke alo o nā mea i nā (mea kemikala'ōnaehana, carbonator EII ni), i lawe i ka makahiki a me ka Pono, e ke hana nona iho (e laʻa me, ke koho ana o reactants mahele lāʻau). Hoʻoholo 'mea kemikala mea Radio he nui kūlana like me ka haʻahaʻa mahele lāʻau e alakai i ka lawa huikala (ole a pauʻuʻuku mea hoʻoheheʻe (particles) aggregated), a me ka nui mahele lāʻau e alakai ai i ka mea i na Oe e i ku i ke kaumaha o na flakes, a degrade, i kūpono i ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kanawai.

Elektroflotator

Kēiaʻano flotators wastewater lapaau i kekahi brevity a me ka nanea ana o ke ana. Ka papa hana ninoieo ma ka electrolysis wai e e huikalaʻia, a me ka hookaawale ana kinoea mai na nā uila aʻa lolo. Iloko o ka electrolysis kaʻina ia lŘlŘ skimmer: tanned hydrogen ma ka cathode, ke anode - ka oxygen. I ka hoʻohana 'ana i wailana nā uila aʻa lolo (e laʻa me Aluminum ole hao) hou ua paʻa kūhohonu loa ka wai me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia Ion me kiʻekiʻe'okesaside moku'āina i Radio ke kūlana o nā reactants, e ho okumu ana i haumia ea flakes. Kēia kaʻina kōkua e kaʻawale, a e kanu hoi hou pollutants mai o ka wai. Mai ka skimmer makahiki mea ole nui, ma ia ana he mea he maikai sticking flakes a me ka ea pozyrkov e hoʻolako i ka lani kiekie loa, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kanawai.

Ke kumu nui ia Morohiha o ia i kekahi mea o ka nele o ka Nine Inch mea kanu a me nā bulky manao maalea me ke degere kiʻekiʻe o ka wai huikala. Ke keakea i ke kiʻekiʻe ikehu hokii, a me ka nele no ka lako a pan no ka wehe 'ana o hydrogen.

kīʻamo flotation

Ma keia hihia, hoʻohana hana nozzles e hoʻolauna i ke ea i loko o ka aaioee wai i ua lako ai i ka flotation mīkini, he ua i pohā i loko o ka läÿau, biphasic. I ka pono o keia iaoia mea emi Wear o ka mea hoʻonoho māhele, a nolaila, i hou hana ola.

Nine Inch kanu

Ma kekahi mau kiʻina hana, ke kēia flotation reagents hoʻohana i ka hoʻoikaika 'i ka huikalaʻana kanawai:

• konohiki no ka hoʻomaʻa pH - Uaʻakika a me ka mekala 'åkilikai e pākuʻi i loko o ka wai, e hamama ai maʻamau hana kūpono coagulant a me ka flocculant;
• coagulants - reagents e paipai flocculation a me ka mea hao, a Aluminum paʻakai;
• flocculants - reagents i paka nui a oi ka pilina paʻa flakes (floccules) a ho i ka polyacrylamide hui.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE keakea o ke alo o ka mea kemikala wai lapaau iaoia nō i ka pono o ke alo o nā limahana, e like me ka pono i mau mea e pono līkaia no i ka moku a me ka reactors. Ua mea i nui, e koho i ka pololei mahele lāʻau o reagents, i mea hiki wale empirically.