He aha e haʻi i ka laau e oki ai

Maalo ae la oia ma ka ulu lāʻau, a ka pala o ka elemakule kumu, 'ike kanaka, e oiaio no e pau ana a me ka hoʻolohe i ka pauku hope o ka laau. He aha ka mea, hoomanao? I au ke hai aku, loaa ia makou i kona leo? Holoiia mai ka cutoff uhi o ka limu, ka mea, he mama, e hai i ka p ÷ ai elua i kela kapa ma ka mawae. laau apo ke hai aku i ka puu. Ma'ōpio mea kanu, kona ola kalapona, he loa anu a me ka wela, maloo lā. Ma mua o nā maka o ka 'ike kanaka hoikeia makahiki ma hope o ka makahiki, makahiki ma hope oʻumi makahiki. Kēia 'epekema originated nei, ka mea, ua kapaia dendrochronology.

I ka manaʻo o ka dendrochronology

I ka like o ka laau kea maluna ona pauku mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī. Ke oki laau ua hookolokolo aku la ia ma lalo o ka microscope, kēlā makahiki, ahu iho ana i loko o millimeters. E like me ia ana i i ka kūikawā haʻalele 'ana, ka mea Hōʻike he loli apo mānoanoa. Haʻalele 'ana crawling i ina, ua hoemiia ka mānoanoa o na apo lehulehu (maikaʻi no ka wahie makahiki) i ka pakuhi ka wā makahiki, ua maloo, kaumaha. Ma hope o ke kālailai ka mea hou e oki ai i ka laau, a me ka'āina lā, ka mea i hiki ke loaa i kekahi chronicle o kona ola ana, e hoike ana i ka ino ana, oiai i ka wa e ola ana o ka mea kanu,ʻo ia hoʻi, ka makahiki hope o ko mākou manawa. Loaa ia i loko o ka nahele kua i lalo i ka laau kahiko, e pono e hana i ka ia hana, a kiʻi i ka haʻalele 'ana. Ma ka mea, e hiki e hookolokolo i ka mea nana kūlana i loko o ka manawa i ka i ka mea ulu. No ka makahiki e hiki ke hele hohonu i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka makahiki.

Akā,ʻaʻole nā mea a pau no ka poe noonoo ole. Ma Europa ululāʻau laau kahiko mai i ola oi aku mamua o ekolu haneri, eha haneri makahiki, koe wale no i ka lāʻauʻoka i kekahi manawa e ia a hiki i ka hapalua o ka Ka Wā Kaukani. Akā, eia ka e noiʻi i ke oki hardwoodʻano paʻakikī. Vague ke komo lima hoike aku mea, aole i ka makemake ole. Ma ka oi mea eʻoi aʻeʻoihana hoao iho la e ia i nā kānakaʻepekema o Amerika. Aia nō kekahi mau laau e noho i ka ola o ka tausani makahiki. Eia kekahi mau gymnosperms, lenalena tidara, Douglas kaʻa. Aia Ua i loaʻa Alpine tidara, a ola eha a me ka hapalua tausani makahiki. Iloko o na hanaʻeliʻana ma luna o ka paena o ka Indians noho ike oki i loaʻa, a hiki e dendrochronological kiʻi ma luna o kekahi a pau Ka Wā Kaukani.

Ka makahiki apo. Research i loko o Rusia

No ka mea, he nui na makahiki i? Anoeeʻepekema wale laau Amerika. 'Eulopa ua he keʻokeʻo kahi i loko o ke kula. Wale nō ma hope o ke kaua i loko o Rusia, kńnaka i ua huli no kahiko Spila. Ka mea, ua maikaʻi no ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka akau wahi. Nā soils i pono huakaʻi o a me ka paʻahau lepo ua malamaia na mea he nui loa ka laau nui ilpko o. Nunui "e ohi ai," o ka laauʻepekema ohi ia i hanaʻeliʻana i loko o ka Novgorod kahiko. Aia ka mea, loaʻa kekahi mau tausani o okoa breeds, stratified ma kēlā me kēia 'ē aʻe ma kekahi mau wahi hohonu. , Ahu iho ma ka papa necropsiedʻepekema hulikoehana mea: risers ekalesia, haʻalele mea papa hele, haʻalele punawai. Ua loaʻa nā loaa ma ewalu-mika hohonu. Akā, pehea hiki nākiʻi i ka makahiki disparate haʻina? Slices o kekahi kumu i hoomakaukauiaʻi me ka oi ma mua o ekolu tausani kope. Kēlā me kēia? Ueo i, e kūkulu lākou dendrochronological pālākiō.

Dendrochronologists i hana ai i ka weliweli 'oihana. Ka mea, i ole wale hoalaala ia i kiʻi. E hoonoho i ka olua haʻalele 'ana i ke aʻo i ka moʻolelo a pau o ke kahiko kulanakauhale, chronicle, e hooholo i ka makahiki ka mea i kūkuluʻia ai i ka lāʻau' ole.

Aegean dendrochronological pāhana

E hana me ka leo nui Aegean Dendrochronological papahana i ua hele ana no 35 makahiki. Kona manao - e hana i ka loa dendroshkalu no ka Middle Hikina a me ka Aegean wahi, a me na laau, mai ka mua Ka Wā Kaukani BC i kaʻiʻo nō o kēia ho'āʻoʻia. Hana lawelawe 'ia e kānakaʻepekema ma Cornell University, USA. Main hopena:

• I hoʻouna 'ia loa dendroshkaly laha' e like me ka lāʻauʻoka, kedera, lāʻau iunipera, tidara. lākou manawa ua oaeuiinoe i 750 g. o BC.
• Pau i ka hana o ka lana Aegean dendroshkaly me ka miomio 2657-649 makahiki BC (no ka lāʻau iunipera).
• Nō hoʻi ma luna o ka lāʻau iunipera oki kokua kūkulu dendroshkalu lana ma luna o ka wā 2030-980 BCE. Nā hualoaʻa i paʻiʻia ma ka 2005.
• ikeia nīnūnē Ua hōʻike 'no ka "Rome i wāhiʻia" a me Eva-ana keiki.

E piʻi like o 'Amelikaʻepekema nō manaoia controversial, mai ka pahiki o ka hewa i loko o kekahi mau hihia, mai ka 100 a hiki i 200 makahiki.

Research ma Finland

Kekahi o na? Anoee pono no ke ao ua i ka'ākau Finland. Ma kēia mau wahi, i ka laina hele huliau palena. Kumu Jan Esper koi ana i ke alanui nui ilpko o aua oe i ka 'ike no nā haneri o ka makahiki. Penei, he uuku māhele o ka laau, aha ona la iloko o ka anu loko,'ōlelo ka hailona. Ma ka akau o Finland loaʻa nō i ka hailona o ic ??, a hoahu i ka priceless ike. Dendrochronologists koi i ka mea, ke hoike aniau mea huna i elua tausani makahiki. hana lima i wehe keʻena hoʻokolohua hana ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka kūikawāʻepekema Eia kekahi laʻana laau apo. Ka mea, laila, hookolokolo aku la ia ma lalo o ka microscope hoʻohana kamepiula enehana. Dendrochronological i unuhiʻia kiʻi kōkua kuhikuhi ana i ke aniau i loli, aʻo ia ma luna o ka mokuna o ka lua pele mai ai.

ka huliau

E like me ka ike i loaa mai, ua hiki ke hookupaa ia i loko o ke ao nei i na Ka Wā Kaukani kaʻawelike hāʻule e 0,3 degereʻepekema. Kēia mau ae la ia a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ka iwakālua kenekulia - kaʻOiʻenehana o ko ke ao nei. ? Ac? O iao? Aʻanoʻenehana holomua i alakai ai i ka mea i ke ao nei i nui māhuahua i ka nui o ke kinoea hoʻomehana honua. Kēia manawa Dendrochronologists i? Anoee ma ka au mamuli.

I nā lā o ka Roma gladiators ua nui kai mehana o ka huliau. "Mehana ma pae" hiki ke kapa, a me ka Middle Ages. A laila, hele mai la ke anu Snap, a hoomau iho la oia i kela makahiki a hiki i 1900. Mākou ke kālā no ke kanaka, ma ka mea ku ole, mea e hopohopo nei i ka hoʻomehana honua. Me oe e ike, a he uuku māhele o ka laau lala ke hai aku i ka puu. Eia naʻe, a me ka Hekikai o ka hoʻomehana honua, a me nā kūlana e hoʻohaumiaʻole ai i ka lewa a me ka aniau hilinaʻi nui, i kekahi mea i, ma kanaka haʻawina, nāʻikepili o ka dendrochronology hiki ke hoike wale i ka wela fluctuations.