He aha i ka inoa o Gogol? Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi mai i ke ola o Gogol

Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol - kekahi o na Classics loa kaulana o Lūkini moʻokalaleo. Kona Kawaihae ua lāʻau malumalu ma ka mea pohihihi a me kona wahi hilahila. Paha keia loli ana i ka haku mele a me ka Aina, hana, no ka mea, o kona mau hana 'ē aʻe piha o ka mysticism.

Ka pohihihi moʻolelo o Gogol

Gogol ka ola ua waiwai a me ka piha o ka lono kaumaha minute. Iloko o ke ola ana o ka haku meleʻalo me na lono, pinepine embellished. Ke kumu no keia, he nui loa: Gogol Ua ikeia me he kanaka paa hou mai la, aneane kaʻawale mai kaiāulu. A inā ma hope o kona make ana i Ua oi ma mua o kekahi, a me ka hapa kenekulia, a hiki i kēia lā e pili ana i kona ola kokoke ua ike i kekahi mea.

Gogol, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo o ke ola i hoʻomau i ka e wehe i kēia lā, i hāliu mai i ko mythologizing i kona iho Kawaihae. No lailaʻo ia ka noonoo e mālama malie e pili ana i kona ola, a hiki mai i me ka moʻolelo i ole hiki iā ia i loko o maoli no ke ola.

I ka ohana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo nui a me ka playwright

Anei oe i ike pehea ka inoa Gogol maoli? Nane puni ana iā ia, mai ka hanau ana. Ka haku mele i hele mai, mai ka hanohano aliʻi ohana Gogol-Jankowski, ka hoʻomakaʻana i loko o ka 17th kenekulia. Family kaao i mea i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka Ukrainian Cossackʻohana ua Ostap Gogol - hetman o Wa-Bank Ukraine.

Gogol ka makua kāne - Vasily Gogol Afanasievich-Jankowski. Basil Afanasievich i ka mea kākau moʻolelo, haku mele a me ka playwright. Kā lākou mau hana (no ka hapanui loa, na hana keaka no ka uuku hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni), ua palapala mai ia ma Ukrainian. Kēia kekahi iʻa i ka hopena o ke keiki Nikolai, ka mea Eia naʻe nalowale i kona makua kāne loa i kakahiaka nui - ke keiki ua māhunehune 15 makahiki i ka manawa o kona make ana.

Kona makuahine i kekahi haku mele a me ka novelist Maria Ivanovna Gogol. ia i ua noʻonoʻo "ka culprit" Hobby ke keiki religiosity a me ka mysticism. Ma waho aʻeo ia Nikolai i loko o kā lākou mauʻohana, he umikumamakahi keiki. Gogol i ke kolu, a me ka mea, i ke keiki kahiko i loko o ka ohana - i hanau make ka mau keiki mua.

Biographical pohihihi o ka nui ano akamai: aha i ka inoa o Gogol

E like me ka inoa Gogol? I loko nō o ka mea i keia biographical mea i 'Imi kūkākūkā ma ka moʻolelo a me nā biographers, i hanau, e like me mākou a pau i ike, o ka haku mele i ka inoa o Nikolai. Akā, kakaikahi ka poe i ike i ka hanau ana o ke keiki i ka inoa o Yanovsky. Ma ke ala, a me 12 makahiki o Classic Russian apo i hyphenated inoa: Gogol-Yanovsky. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka mea kākau moʻolelo, i ka ike ole i ka mōʻaukala o ke kumu o keia inoa, kiola ia, no ka mea, manao ka mea, invented i ka auamo.

Ano, ia oe i ike pehea, e hai aku oe i ka inoa Gogol ka hanau ana o nā hana hoihoi mea, mai ke ola o Gogol.

I ka hopena o ka wā kamaliʻi ma kaʻike hoʻokumu Gogol

Great playwright o kona wā kamaliʻi hoolilo ia i loko o ke kauhale. Ke keiki i mau bapetizo i loko o ka lewa o Ukrainian ola. A e pili ana i ke ola o ko na kauwa, a me ka hana, uaʻike nō like nui e pili ana i ke ola o ke alii. Ua Ua loli nui o na hana o Gogol. He ua nui kilo ma Ukrainian moʻomeheu a me ka mōʻaukala. A hiki aku la i St Petersburg, ka mea opiopio kākau moʻolelo i i hooki i ka hoopiha i ko lakou ike - ma ka palapala, ninau mai la ia i kona makuahine, e hai hou aku e pili ana i ke ola o ke kua'āina a me Pana.

ma makahiki o kona kula - ukupanee i ka moʻokalaleo a me nā papa hana hana noʻeau i luna i waho i ke keiki i kakahiaka nui iho la ia. E like me ka haumāna o ke kula kiʻekiʻe,ʻo ia ua leʻaleʻa o ka wela aeoaeuneiai keaka, a i hana ai me kona mau hoa.

School lā kākau moʻolelo

I ka makahiki o ka umi makahiki, ka makua o ka poe opiopio ma Rotehama hoouna aku la ia ia i Nezhinskaja kula. Eia naʻe no ia, ke keiki ua e hana maikaʻi i loko o ke kula, akā, me ka mea i nui keia i Ua i ke kula o ka waina.

Noho iho la na pilikia a me ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o Lūkini moʻokalaleo. malalo o ke kumu e hoole i ka manaʻo nui i loko o ka moʻomeheu o ka Contemporary moʻolelo a me nā haku mele e like me Pushkin a me Zhukovsky. I ka hopena o keia hoʻokokoke i keʻano pono o na haumana i ka pilialoha moʻokalaleo o ka 19th kenekulia.

Ho okumu o N. V. Gogolya like me ka mea kākau moʻolelo

Ma hope o ua noho mai ka Gymnasium i ka 1828, ka Classic hele aku la i ke kulanakauhale o ka nui kūpono - Petersburg. Kēia kahua o ke ola ua lilo kekahi o ka loa paʻakikī i loko o kona ola, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, a me ka loa lākou huahana. Uku mea, haʻalele iā ia ma kona makuwahine, he noblewoman e ola i loko o ke kulanakauhale nui, māhunehune lawa, a me Gogol i kekahi kivila hana i ua koke wili ihola iā ia.

A laila, Nikolai Gogol hele aku la i loko o moʻokalaleo. Kana hana mua paʻi ma lalo o pseudonyms, ua ua nema aku e ka lehulehu, a me kekahi,ʻAʻole eʻole mea kākau la ia mea ma ka imi ana i ke ola maikaʻi. Eia naʻe, hoomaha iho la oia malaila no wale i ka malama, ma hope a hoi aku la oia i St. Petersburg.

E like me nā loina o ka wā e hiki mai ano akamai o Lūkini moʻokalaleo, maʻamau o ke ola a me ka moʻomeheu o ka Ukrainian kanaka o Laielohelohe i wale Ukrainians, akā, i Lūkini. Ua i laila, i hoomaka ae la kona naau e lawe 'ano i ke kumumanao o ke kaulana "ahiahi, ma ka aina kokoke Dikanka". Ke kanaka opiopio hoʻomanaʻo mai noi i kona makuahine, e noho ana i loko o ke kauhale, e hai aku ia ia no ka Ukrainian mooolelo ike ole ia, a me na aoao o Ukrainian kaao, i kākau limaʻia a me nā costumes. A pau o keia kōkua iā ia i ka nui loa a me ka pololei eh ÷ ike ai i ka Little Lūkini kauhale a me kona poʻe e noho ana.

I ka makahiki 1830,, i ka malamalama hele mai i ka mua holomua huina hoonui o Gogol "ahiahi, ma ka ai ia Eva Ivana Kupala" pai ia ma ka "Notes o ka Fatherland" i ka 1830. Akā, me ka oiaio a me ke kaulana i ka hoʻomaopopo pono i lawe mai i ka uʻi mea kākau o ka "ahiahi, ma ka aina kokoke Dikanka", "May Night" a me ka "Sorochintsy Fair".

Mai ia manawa koke nō i ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka ola huli i lalo ke alo.

He aha i alakaʻi ai i ka haku o Gogol?

I ka makahiki 1830, ka Nikolai halawai mai me P. A. Pletnevym, V. A. Zhukovskim a me A. S. Pushkinym, i ua increasingly i alakaʻi ai i ka palapala, ai 'hanaia'na o Gogol.

Na mea a pau i loko o ke ola ka palapala, ai Classics loaʻa kona mau manaʻo i loko o kāna mau hana. Over manawa, ua lilo oi a oi ua komo 'o loko o ke ola i loko o ke kulanakauhale alii. E like me ka hopena, i ka malamalama, hele mai, "St. Petersburg Bay", he 5 moʻolelo:

• "Nevsky e nānā ana".
• "Ka Overcoat"
• "Diary o ka he hehena lā."
• "Makuahine".
• "Ka ihu."

Collection hui pu ole wale ma kekahi mau pilikia, akā, i ka hoʻomaopopo like paena o ka hana - ke kulanakauhale o St. Petersburg, kahi N. V. Gogol i noho ai.

Mau noonoo ana ma kana mau hana, i ka mea kākau i ke kiʻi o St. Petersburg. kakau iho la keia kulanakauhale he nui wale: kākau moʻolelo a me nā haku mele. No ka ia, Petersburg uaʻaʻole pono i ke kūlanakauhale - ka mea, ua he hōʻailona o ka hou Rusia a me kona huali wā e hiki mai.

Mau ua ala i loko o kana mau hana o ka theme like o ka duality poʻo. People ike ia like ole wale he "Kuisa: Petrov", akā, i ka ino puuhonua. Ka nui haku mele o ke gula elemakule, A. S. Pushkin, kekahi o ka mua hoikeia mai i ka ambiguity o ke "kulanakauhale ma ka Neva." He hōʻike ka mea, e like me "ke kulanakauhale nani, i ke kulanakauhale o ka poe ilihune."

No brightly keia pilikia ua hōʻike ma "Nevsky e nānā ana". No ka alohilohi ka papa kuhikuhiE alanui huna shattered manaolana, pōʻino nui o maʻamau poe kanaka. Ma ka moʻolelo i ke kulanakauhale indifferent i na pilikia o kanaka - a pau e holo aku au ma ke kālā a me nā kaua. Notions o ka pono a me ka hewa i loko o ke kapikala ua lōʻihi, ua anaiia mai. Na ia mau manaʻo i wehe a me N. V. Gogol. Ke kuka ana o na hana e ulu ana ma St. Petersburg: ia mea kekahi henua a me "ka ihu" a me "Diary o ka he hehena lā", "Ka Overcoat" a me ka "Nevsky Prospekt". Petersburg Gogol - he awa no ia ma alanui keiki, a me ka poe ilihune ilamuku. Kēia kiʻi ua kue i kaʻike mau kiʻi o ke kapikala - ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa, palaualelo, kona hoomakapo brilliance.

Ma ka kekahi lima, Gogol ka kapikala - i ke kulanakaukale, i kahi mysticism a me ka ike maopopo noho me kekahi.

Mirgorod i loko o ke ola a me ka hana ana o Gogol

ʻOiai St. Petersburg, a pâʻani 'o ia i ke kūlana nui i loko o nā hana o Gogol, ka mua wahi e ku ai Ukrainian nā loina. Ma waho aʻeo ia mau hana kupaianaha e like me "ahiahi, ma ka aina kokoke Dikanka" a me ka "May Night", ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kākau i ka helu o nā haipule moʻolelo, i i hui i loko o ka ohi ana o "Mirgorod". Gogol kahaha koho ia no kona ohi ana i kēia inoa: kulanakauhale Myrhorod akaka i loko o kona hana "ka nui o ka How Ivan Ivanovich hakaka me Ivan Nikiforovich".

¶ A i loko o keia ohi kikowaena 'ē hana i iʻike iā mākou ma ke kula:

• "Wii."
• "Taras Bulba".
• "Old World Landowners".

No ke aha lā kēia nui Mirgorod? Gogol ka noonoo e koho i kēia wahi. He ua i kahi loihi, mai ke kauhale mai o Great Sorochintsy, kahi o nā Rotehama ui, i kona wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence. Na keia kulanakauhale i na kii i loko o kona hana "Sorochintsy Fair".

Ma nā mea a pau o Ukraine, a, ma ka hana, ma ka wahi Mirgorod i keia la i hoomaikai ai i ka hoomanao ana o ka, e like nui. Na wahi a hiki ke ike ole wale na kia hoʻomanaʻo i hoolaa ai i ka mea kākau moʻolelo, akā, i alanui, eii?, Motels, mika pāhoʻonui lua, Ho 'Oponopono, nā hale waihona puke, ka inoa i loko o kona hanohano.

Ke originality o Gogol ka moʻolelo

Ma hope o ke kālailai i nā huahana hiki ke kaʻawale i ho'ākāka 'hiʻona Gogol. Kekahi mau minute i loko o ke ola o ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kēia lā, he mea o ka hoopaapaa, akā, ma kā lākou mau hana Gogol ua like pololei a me ka straightforward.

Ka makakū kaila o ka mea kākau o loa recognizable. Ia mea i ke kū hoʻokahi o kona palapala i Gogol 'ae e lilo i kekahi o nā mea kākau nui loa o ka Golden Age. Kona mua poem "Ganz Kyuhelgarten", a ia paʻi ma lalo o ka pseudonym, pilikia ka pepehi hoomainoino ia. Ke kumu no keia ua i hoao e kākau i kekahi poem i loko o ke kaila o ka Awaits Vasiliya Andreevicha Zhukovskogo.

Kona mahope novels i kekahi palapala i loko o ka pilialoha ano, akā, ka mea, e hoomaka ana i ka nuʻu mua i kekahi hanana ano o Gogol ka ke kākau 'ana. A iki ma hope, i ka mea kākau, 'ole ma Pushkin, i ka holo ana ma ka noho pilikia realism. ʻOiai Gogol ike aku la ia ia e like me kona mentor, oia aole ho'āʻo i ka hana ma ke kumu hoʻohālike o Pushkin ka hana.

I ka hopena o kākau moʻolelo ka hana i ka maopopo nohona kohoʻia. Gogol i kekahi o ka mea mua hiki i ka pololei hōʻike 'ana i ka pā o ka pilikia o ka "uuku kanaka" ma Lūkini ka palaho. He skillfully hoʻopuʻukahua ka poe a me ka palaualelo ke kālā no ke kanaka, e alalai mai ai ka nohonaʻokoʻa o ka manawa.

Special noonoo ana i ka wanaʻao e hana o Nikolai. Mau hana kaʻana like, he pono ole recognizable hiʻona. No ka laʻana, mea pohihihi a me ka Awaits, expressive a "alive" hōʻikeʻano o Ukrainian ola, i maopopo nä haumäna i ka Ukrainian nā loina.

Oia ohohia mea nō ma ke kino: no ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka wā kamaliʻi ma ka Ukraine. No ka nui makahiki, ua pili loa pili i kona ola ana me ka Ukrainian oihana a me ka moʻomeheu. Ma kēia mau hana, increasingly he mea he mystique - nana ka mea, nui loa e like me ka 'aka poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo. Ma kana mau palapala, Gogol skillfully hui aku o ka lanakila, a me ka pohihihi otherworldly ikaika - kokoke i ka Ukrainian kanaka ola i ka mea a me ka witches a me mermaids, a me na daimonio.

ano akamai i ka make

He nui nā nīnau e pili ana i ke ola o ka mea nui a me ka pohihihi mea kākau e pili ana kanaka i ka hoomaopopo ana me. He aha i ka inoa o Gogol? Ia ia i lawe ai? He loaʻa kekahi mamo o kona? Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE nīnau nō koe i enigma, a'ōlelo aʻela i ka hailona o ka hoopaapaa ana - o ke kumu o ka make ana o Gogol.

Hiki i keia manawa, aole i kekahi ke olelo pono ana i ka malamalama haʻalele keia ano akamai o ka palapala, ai manaʻo. He nui nā moʻolelo, biographers a me ka palapala, ai 'haumana i aku lākou hoʻokolohua o kona make ana. wahi a kekahi o ka loa, he pono ole, akā nō iʻaʻole i loaʻa hōʻoiaʻiʻo nō kēia i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kanu ola.

He oiaio he weli oko o ka make Classic i ee aku i ka 1931. Mai ka ilina kahi i kanuʻia ihola ia, Ua liquidated, ka mea i hoʻoholo e rebury ia. Ma ka hana pili i hele ia e na mea he nui hoʻokamakama moʻolelo, a me ka wā wehe i ka pahu i, hoike me ka weliweli loaʻa i Gogol ka iwi i moe ana me kona poo huli i kekahiʻaoʻao.

Kēia kūkala nūhou ua kena ae la i kekahi flurry o ke kūkākūkā ole wale i loko o ka palapala, ai 'a me ka mōʻaukala' ia, akā, no hoi mawaena o maʻamau kanaka. E like me ka mea huli mai, i ka kŰia i ka Logical wehewehe: ka mea mua i e awi aku kaʻinaʻaoʻao o ka pahu papa, a me ka pahu pahu, aʻaʻohe ikaika kākoʻo, hoʻomaka e kau puʻe ma luna o ke poʻo o ke kanaka make, ma o na la ia e huli "Atlantov" vertebra. E like me ke akamai o ke kanu ana, ia mea maʻamau me ka hana pono, a me Gogol mea ole ka mea mua, kekahi ma hope o ke kanu ana i loaʻa i loko o kēia kulou.

Ke kahua Ua huikau ma ka mea ana i ka nui makau ua Nikolai kanu e ola ana. A hiki i kona wa e ola ana, ka mea ike i ka moku'āina mea malalo i ka ai-kapaia "lethargy" like me ka naoh i ke ao nei a puni mākou mea i loaʻa, ke Kal 'aʻole hoʻi ia nunui, a me ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale mea ole hou palpable. No keia kumu,ʻo ia i ka makemake o ka mea kauoha, e kanu ia ia symptoms lilo wale ia ka nohoaliʻi kino make decomposition. Ua haawi mai la ka Legend o ke kanu mea kākau e ola ana i oi aku pohihihi.

Kekahi,ʻaʻole ai scary hoʻokolohua o ka make ana o na Classics - kaʻapu kōheoheo calomel (Mercury-i loaʻa ai 'i hoʻohana ma o ka 19th kenekulia). Ka mea kākau moʻolelo iho ua prone i loohia i na mea he nui, a no ia mea, i malamaia lakou nei, ma keʻano o ke kauka. He He 'inikua kuhihewa hiki i ka premature make ana o Gogol.

Ka hope mana mea loa kaulana, akā, no ka mea, ua i 'ike me ka luna.

Pela, ka mea, ua manaoio ia Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol make ma muli o ka exhaustion, kena ae la ia e ka pololi. Contemporary Classics hoʻokomo akula i ka mea, ua prone e depressive Hui Pūʻia a me overly kilo ma ka hoomana ana, a alakai aku la ia ia, e malama pono i ka ascetic ala o ke ola a me ka rejection o ke kino lealea.

Ma alualu ana i ka lanakila o ka uhane ma luna o ke kino o Gogol starve noʻu iho paakiki hoole ana o ka ai. A hebedoma mua o ka hoʻomaka o ka noi ai oia i ka olelo hooholo, e haalele i ka hana, ai, a ke kali hui 'ana me kanaka.

Ma mua o kona makeʻana, ua puhi aku o lākou, e like me kona wehewehe, "ma lalo o ka aoao o ka uhane ino." Mau lā ma mua o ka make ana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ke ano i deteriorated - la oia i ai i kona wahi moe, a stubbornly hoole kekahi kōkua mentally makaukau no ka make. Kauka i i hooki ae ho'āʻo ana e hoola mea kākau, akā, Pepeluali 21, 1852 Nikolay Vasilevich Gogol ka make.

Ano, ua kanuʻia Gogol ma ka Moscow Novodevichy pā ilina. Ka mea kākau hala aku ai i loko o ke Kuhina Nui o ke ola, akā, e like me ka palapala, ai 'manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni VA Nikolaev, o "ka make, ua piha oia me ka uhaneʻano," a me ka mea o ka mea kākau i makemake ai.