He aha ka ka hana ana o lysosomes i loko o ka halepaahao

Ma keia 'atikala, ua paipai oe i noonoo i ka lysosome hana i loko o ka halepaahao. Eia hou, ua huli ko makou noonoo ana i ka hana ana o keia organelle a me kona 'ole.

E like me ua lilo maopopo, lysosome - mea he integral hapa o na halepaahao. A me nā mea a pau i ke ike, i ka mea a mākou e hoopa mai, a me mākou makou - o ka constructor, oia hoi o ka nui moku (particles). Ke aeea o ka haʻahaʻa hale, aeie o nā meaola e noho ana ma luna o ka Honua Honua. Ua paʻa i ka helu o ke ano e ae ia e ku ma kona iho.

• iho pūnao;
• hana e paʻi;
• ka hoʻonuiʻana (pakiko-hou);
• ulu ana.

A e hele aku mākou i ka kaumaha e pono iā mākou organelles, noonoo kona 'ole a me ke kahińuli i ka lysosome hana i loko o ka halepaahao.

lysosome

Ano, oi ke kālailai i au mamuli keia organelle a me ka hoolako oe i ka Mea Maluna. Mua mākou helu a me ka noonoo i ka hana ana o lysosomes i loko o ka halepaahao, e mea pono e hōʻike i ka manawa pōkole mōʻaukala o ka loaʻa. Mau pellets uuku no ka mea mua manawaʻepekema i loaʻa de Ka Duve i ake keena. Kēia hanana i wahi i loko o ka 50-ies o XX kenekulia.

Lysosome - he lua piha i keʻano o ka hydrolytic nā'ūhū (ka mea hiki ke helu aku ma mua o 80? Ueo). Ua Ua hoʻopuniʻia o kaʻili lahilahi, a me ia mea nui e möakäka hou ana ia mea hookahi. E kikokiko organellesʻikepili mea ole'ālike, ma ka hapanui o na hihia a kinona, he anawaena ole e oi aku 0,8 micron.

Lysosomalʻili lahilahi i kaʻaʻahu mānoanoa, permeability, ka mea, ua hoʻololi ma lalo o ka aoao o kekahi ana. No laila, labilizatorami ( 'o ia hoʻi, kūpono ka permeability) i:

• thyroxine;
• progesterone;
• wikamina A;
• ultraviolet kukuna;
• X-kukuna;
• i oxygen a me na mea e ae.

Ua ka mea ku pono ia:

• prednisolone;
• cortisone a me ka m. p.

Ma nā aeee mea i ka hookahi helu o lysosomes, ka hapanui o ia mau mea e kau mai maluna o ka keena me ka hana o ka phagocytosis. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike hiki ke lawelawe i macrophages a keʻokeʻo koko keena. I hui pū nō ka poʻe i nā hiki o ke omo, secretion a me ka excretion. Ka mea, e:

• epithelial keena;
• liʻiliʻi;
• hakuʻala;
• prostate a me ka 'ole. d.

Ano, pokole ma luna o ka Mea Maluna o ka lysosome. Share lākou mau ano: iniiaiie a me nā haumāna. Helu pūnaewele i kapaʻia. Mawaena o ka mea kiʻekiʻe hiki ke hōʻike ':

• phagolysosome;
• tsitolizosomy;
• koena keena.

oihana

Ano, ua kaumaha i ka mau i nā 'oihana o lysosomes i loko o ka halepaahao. No laila, eia nō ka mea kēia:

• ke kelepona hele digestion;
• autophagy;
• autolysis;
• noho male 'ana o ka mea mawaho hale.

Ano mākou e pokole wehewehe i ka manaʻo o kēia mau hua'ōlelo. About ke kelepona hele autophagy digestion a me 'oe ke heluhelu hou i loko o au mamuli hope. Ano, - e pili ana i ka hana e hana ia ai ka lysosome aeea make.

Kēia kaʻina ua kapaia autolysis. Lysosomeʻili lahilahi hiki e uhaʻiʻia, kūpono ma ke kala o nā'ūhū makana i loko o laila. E like me ka rula, e pau kona iniiaiie hana, e hooko i ka de-ho'ā 'ia i loko o ka halepaahao cytoplasm.

'Aʻe' ana o ka hookahi aeea - ka mea, aole ia i mea, akā, inā na lysosomes a pau uhai i kona 'ole mea e hiki mai ana? Alaila, hele mai o ka make ana o ka halepaahao. A ma ko kumu hoʻohālike o ka make autolysis huelo rana tadpole.

digestion

Mākou i olelo ia mamua i lysosomes i loko o ka halepaahao hana digestive kuleana pili i. E kono oe e noonoo i hou aku au mamuli keia kaʻina. E like me ua oleloia, e māheleʻia i loko o nā pūʻulu na lysosomes, ma keia hihia i kiʻekiʻe pili a me ka digestive vacuole. He ka hana o ka digestion i loko o ka halepaahao. Ua Ua hanaʻia ma ka fusing iniiaiie lysosomes a me phagosomes.

Digestive vacuole mea he nui nui, hiki mai i 1,2 microns. Ua loaʻa he nui loa ka helu ana o inclusions. ʻaneʻi a he mea aaioee, hopu iho la i loko o ka hīnaʻi manu. a ia mea pinepine no laila, i ka mea, e hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo ma ka hydrolysis i loko o haʻahaʻa hakakino kaumaha (particles). Ka hope hiki wale kekahi, ma kaʻili lahilahi o lysosomes. Next, ka mea pono e lilo hou aeea organelles.

autophagy

A me ka hana ua lawe mai i loko o aeea lysosomes? Mākou i kamaʻilio mua aʻe ia i waena o lākou, aia no na paha e like me autophagy. Kēia kaʻina Ua wehewehe aku Kāʻili eiiiiiaiou i loko o ka halepaahao i ka make a me ka lysosomes. Total maopopo 3 ke ano o na autophagy:

• anakahi iki;
• nunui;
• shaperonovuyu.

Ma ka mea mua hihia lysosome ka hopuʻia'ōpala hoʻi a me ka digesting ia no ka ikehu hana a me ka mea. Kēia kaʻina hana e hana ana i ka hookeai wale no. Ma macroautophagy ia lŘlŘ hui autophagosomes a me lysosomes i hiki aku ai i ka ho okumu autofagolizosomy. Ka hope koena o ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo futofagosom. Ke kolu oʻano hiki ke malama wale i loko o mammals i ka wa o ka stress. Me kēiaʻano o ka autophagy ia lŘlŘ māka hou amo ana i nā polokina ma lysosomes.