He aha ka ke pelane ka fuselage? A huakai kaapuni a ka manao, mall oihana mua

Ke fuselage o ka ohua mokulele hoʻohuiʻia nā'ēheu, huelo, a ma kekahi mau hihia i ke kaʻa. Ua Ua manaoia no ka pono, ka moa a me ka ukana. Pelane me ka fuselage kapa i ka lele'ēheu. Ma konaʻia naʻe pahu o na mea a pau i ka mea i loko o kaʻike mau kaa kino. E noonoo hou au mamuli mea i ka pelane ka fuselage. Photos o keia ke keʻena, e kekahi e hōʻike i ka pauku.

mau koi

Wehewehe i ka hua'ōlelo 'elua, i ka mea a ka mokulele fuselage, ua hiki ke olelo aku i keia Aha Kuhina. No keia ke keʻena o ka mokulele, e halawai me ka moʻo o koi:

1. Ka naauao hoʻohana no ka mea maloko ka leo.
2. Palena iki kauo.
3. Kaulike e pono ka loiloi 'ia o ka cockpit, a me ka luina noho.
4. Ike loea a me Teplozvukoizolyatsiya tightness.
5. Noho nanea oe o ka unloading / hoʻouka.
6. Kupono hoʻokomo ea, kau iho a me ka paio hahana maoli nō.

mawaho ano

Mokulele fuselage anahonua axisymmetric kino i hoʻolako me ka pahee tapering i ka mua, a mahope na hapa. Ma ia palapala, nae palena iki ili āpana no ka haawiia mai ka nui. Alaila, o ka hoemiia nuipa o ka plating, ka ia'ku emi. Low kaumaha haawi i kekahi mau pono e ka wā paku ole ia i oi aku puʻe i loko o ka hōʻailonaʻia kaba. Eia naʻe, no ka mea, i ka helu o nā kumu, ua maikaʻi palapala ua ole ā ina. Smoothness kue ana contours, i ka nui, na oihana mua o ka mokulele fuselage like kāpena kukui, Radar kukuna. Kēia ma ka huli hele aku ai e mahuahua nui ia'ku, a mahuahua ke kaumaha. Ka mea ia ia ia lŘlŘ iloko o ka hee, mai kahe 'ano apau loa i loko o ka huelo pauku. Ma keia hihia, i ka lń i huina ua hoakaka ia ma ka hoʻoulu 'ole hua'ōleloʻo o ka ramp, a me ka ukana hoʻomoe.

wahie,

Wehewehe i ka fuselage (kiʻi i hōʻikeʻia i loko o ka 'atikala, wehewehe kona ano), ka mea pono e olelo ana e pili ana i ka waiwai i ka mea, uaʻike piʻi. I ka awa, a me ka holo no keia ke keʻena mea:

1. Nā koa pū i hiki mai e pili ana eiiiiiaiou. Mau i ka nui nā'ēheu, awa pae kapa, hulu melemele,, powerplant, a pela aku.
2. Mass inertial 'ole pono, ukana huahelu i mea' ana i loko o laila.
3. Aerodynamic koa, a i haawi ma kaʻili kai.
4. Inertial 'ole o kona mau kaumaha. He mea ia mokulele fuselage 'ole.
5. Nā koa o excessive puʻe i loko o nā compartments o ka ipu, he pressurized kāpena.

A pau i hōʻike wahie, i loa 'O ke kaulike. E manao ana ia he fuselage loko mall mechanics, e hiki ke waiho ia i loko o ka palapala o ka pahu girder. Ma kekahi māhele o ka mea e loli ai ka papamoe a me ka vertical koa, ikehu. Na pressurized compartments hoʻokomo iā ia excessive maloko puʻe.

rationality Module

Na kaʻoi loa ua manaoia e e ia he mokulele fuselage noaia i loko o ka mea ana e e hiki ke lawe i na wahie, i hōʻike mai ma luna no ka lawa haʻahaʻa deadweight. Lahilahi-paʻa iwi i loko o keia hihia ua paa i ka wahi ponoi 'ole. Full rationality i hoakaka ia ka hoʻohana 'ana plating. Ma ka wahi ma ke fuselage o ka mokulele, eia kūloko aerodynamic koa, kipi overpressure, ka huina o na hana ikaika. A lahilahi-paʻa i iwi, e kākoʻo kapiliia ma maximally satisfies nā koi oʻia pono hoʻolako kaʻina naau kupono, hana ana. Oia ka mea ua haawiia ia ia ka mea nāna i ulana fuselage. Mua hoʻohana hermit nei huahelu. Ka mea,ʻano nui nalowale mea nāna i ulana i kona kaumaha. He aha ka ke pelane ka fuselage hermit nei-type? Sheathing ma keia hihia ka mea, ua pau ke hoʻokoe 'ia mai ka hana ikaika. Ua lawe wale ka kūloko aerodynamic wahie. Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i mea o ka mokulele fuselage ma keia hihia, ka mea hiki ke hoakakaia me ka hou Module, a maoli he ka huina kaumaha o ka pa alima. Space hermit nei me ka nui loa complicates ke kūpono o ka ukana. Keakea o keia Module kūpono i ka mea i ka mea, i ole ia i loko o kēia mokulele. Ka mea, e e hoʻohana wale no haʻahaʻa-māmā malamalama apparatuses o liʻiliʻi mokulele.

Mea Maluna

Aia i ekolu ke ano o ka mokulele fuselage:

1. Cladding.
2. Hookoe mai i kekahi.
3. Stringer.

Ka hope elua oko mai kekahi i kekahi ma ka shape a me ka huinahalike kea pauku. Lonikū kau ma ka wahi ma ke fuselage o ka mokulele ninoieo o stringers a me longerons. Encasing Module i ka laau kea maluna ona pauku nā mōlina. Ka mea, i ka hoʻoholo ma mua shape mālama 'ana i deformations iwi, a hoolilo i ka kia, a haawi wahie. Ma ke kahi o ka mokulele fuselage, he mea mau i loko o a hiki ia i ka nui lehulehu o nā koa. E pale ai deformation i loko o kēia mau hihia ua kau aku ka ikaika mōlina. Ka laau modules o ka hopena o kekahi olelo ua ike loa uhi. I ka mea, aia no he tangent kahe ko Hawaiʻi keiki. Lākou puʻunaue hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka olelo o ka mea mawaho hopena a me keʻa-mahele kinona o ka Module. Sheathing hoakaka lawe maikai nei ikehu. Ma keia hihia, no ka tangential pele ua haawi kōā kaulike ma ke anapuni. Ka iwi, ke'ōlelo mai, ano laulā, he odnozamknuty contour ma kea pauku. I? Eou kahi he mau cutouts i loko o ka iwi, hoʻouka kekahi mana ringing. Ka mea, i loko o kēia mau mea i ka hoololiia ana o ka hoʻoikaikaʻana a pau.

Stringers a me longerons

Ke lonikū māhele o ka mokulele fuselage mea nuiʻana ma luna o kona lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa. Together a me ka ili e lawe i ka maʻamau pa ho'āʻo pono. Manufacturing o stringers a me spars ano o haliia mai la mawaho, e like me ka rula, mai manao paha extruded piliʻike me kekahi kea-pauku. Lonikū hehee wale i ka nui oolea. Ma kiʻekiʻe wahie, ma kekahi hihia, hiki ke hoʻouka kekahi lua spars. Ka mea, nā mau pauku e pili ana i kekahi i kekahi. I ka pokoleʻoki nui kaola hoʻohana - lonikū oihana mua o ka pahu-pauku. Ua i mai o extruded pauku, a kamaʻilio me kekahi i kekahi, a me ka pā o ka plating.

huakai hele

Ka mea, hiki e ka ikaika a me kaʻike mau. Recent hōʻoia i ka maluhia o ke keʻa-mahele kinona o ka Module. e hoʻohana kaumaha-hana mōlina i ka mau o ka nui nā hoʻohui like o stress ma luna o ke kino. Ka mea, he poe aka wahi, ami huahelu, hoʻopunipuni ukana, nui pono, kiko'ī, a no laila, ma luna o. Ka waiwai i kau ma luna o nā palena o nā puka nui i loko o ka Aha Kuhina. ʻike mau mōlina i, e like me ka rula, he kapiliia 'ole. Ua i mai o extruded a'ōlewa kuina. Ka ikaika hehee hana i loko o ka palapala o ka paʻa Kanal hao haka ai 'ole I-pauku. Tangential pele hana me ke kākoʻo naoh. Ka haka ai hāʻawi i ka mea mawaho keiki ma ke anapuni. Manawa, ua hana ma ka hoʻohei. Ua Ho'ākāka 'kona kea pauku. I ka manao o ia he kapiliia mea monolithic paha kime. I mau mea hoʻonoho o i pohā ka ikaika bulkhead paia ua pau; akeke nui mai. Ua Ua kākoʻoʻia ka papamoe a me ka vertical profiles. Sheathing o ka haka ai i kekahi e ka spherical iwi. Ma ke aha ka mea kilo hehee wale i hoonohonoho radially.

sheathing

Ua ua i ka pahu metala. Ka mea i hanaʻia ma luna o ka pili ili o ka hale a me ka, e makaʻuʻole. Ami o ka lahilahi o ka transverse a me lonikū māhele o ka Module. No ka encasing kupapaʻu i hoʻohana monolithic iwiʻaoʻao Panel. Nei, muli o kona kulana he ākea ana o ka lua pele mea.

hui eiiiiiaiou

Sheathing hiki e pili ana i na mōlina a stringers a me elua o ua poe la, a me na mea e ae. Aʻano mua ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka uhi modules. I ka hoʻopili wale i na stringers hoʻohana riveted lonikū nakaka. Ke kea-e pili ana pela kahi e. Kēia hoonui ae i ka aerodynamic waiwai o ka Module. Akā, ma keia hihia, uuku wahie, naʻau haalele i kona kumupaʻa. Ua hiki aku i ka hua ma ka manao ke kaumaha. hou IeIIeYOA - e pale aku i kēia, i ka iwi ua pinepine me ka compensator kapiliia IeIIeYOA hou pili.

ami

I ka girder fuselage hookoe mai i kekahi noaia ua mālamaʻia hoʻohana aka wahi a i aia wale nō ma ka lonikū wahi. Mau ami i kapa ia wahi. Ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i huiia hoʻohana girder stringer fuselages. Na ami i puni i ke anapuni o ke kino me ka koho hoʻokāʻoi ka paa ili a me stringers. I huiʻia ia mau fuselages ku una lawe mai ma ka mea o flanges. Oia ka huina hoʻolako i ka mana pili i nā māhele o ka ka hoʻomaopopoʻana contour.

ka piʻiʻana huahelu

Manoukian aka wahi kau ma luna o ka ikaika mōlina. Ka mea hana i ka hana o ka paakiki pā hōkū. Ma muli o ia ia mea, ua lawe mai hoi o ka makana e pili ana lonikū wahie. Luahi aka wahi pono kamaʻilio me ka mana spars. E emi ke kaumaha o ka fuselage kanu'ōiwi nā mea kūpono e emi ka nui o ka ikaika mōlina. Ma kēlā me kēia mea hehee ai i e hoʻonoho mau ekalesia IeIIeYOA ka papa.

eheu

Me kekahi mau 'hiʻona o ka hoʻopunipuni mau wahi lawelawe' ana balancing ke anuenue minute ma ke ami o ka'ēheu Panel. E e noʻonoʻo i ka naauao o hoʻonupaikini na kumu mua akau, a waiho ma ka konu, maalo ae la oia ma ka fuselage. No ka meaʻano o ka Module i hookoe mai i lawa i hala i ka lonikū lala - no ka ia, e e balancing i ka pa. No hoʻohui hoʻokahi-apana a me ka'ēheu pahu ma ka hale noho pono kekahi, a pau o ka mana panel. Inā no kekahi kumu i alahele ma ka fuselage hehee hiki ole e hoʻokō, ka anuenue minute ma ka akau a me ka hema pono e pani ma ka haawe-e hali ana i nā mōlina. Kēia pāʻoihana, naʻe, hiki ke noi i ka eheu hoolaia mai ai lakou, e like me ka helu o nā māhele i loko o ia mea uuku. Monoblock a me kekahi pahu eiiiiiaiou kauoha he nui ka helu o ka ikaika mōlina. Ua paʻakikī i ka hana ma luna o ka mea i manao ai. Ma na hihia ia mea? Oaiua e hoʻohana i ka hookoe mai i kekahi noaia.

Kiel

His mauna pono he OAXA hoolilo o ke anuenue nui ma luna o ka fuselage. No keia mea kela lonikū keel lala ua pili i ka mana ponoi IeIIeYOA. Inā hiki, e hiki ke hoʻohana i ke kia hookoe mai i kekahiʻano lepe puke i loko o nā wahi. Ka mea, i ke kiekie o ke kino. Pua-hoʻokino lonikū lala i ka mokuāhana i loko o ke kuʻina āpana me ia. Ua pono OAXA mea hoʻonoho o nā kilo. Ua hiki ke kāpae i loko o ka hihia ina ke kino e e hoonohoiaʻi obliquely i ka iho (axis) o ka fuselage i ka pelane i ka hoomau ana o ka pa o ka hoolaia mai ai lakou. Akā, i ke kō o kēia koho, e e ukali ma kekahi mau pilikia.

cutouts

Ke kikowaena hapa o ka mokulele fuselage nā lua no ka puka makani, pani, hatches, kukui, huila punawai. A pau kēia mauʻoki kue ana i ka panina o ka ili contour. Alaila, ke kumupaʻa ua me ka nui loa hoemi a me ke kino ikaika. E compensate no ka poho ma na contours o na puka ua hala ka kapiliiaʻoʻoleʻa pokole. Me Ana uuku o cutouts ia mea he monolithic 'ole. Ua ua i mai ka pepa i ka hahiʻana a ano e ae paha. Okantovyvayut nui nā lua ma nā wēlau o ka ikaika mōlina. Longitudinally lele kaola. I ka Ia manawa ka mea, e i hele mai i ka hoopau i loko o ka recess, a ma kela aoao o ka ikaika mōlina. Kēia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo heʻoʻoleʻa uku pila o ka lonikū wahi. awa pae kapa paa ai i ka ikaika o kona iwiʻaoʻao, a spars ma ka haʻahaʻa o ke kino.

pressurized kāpena

I ka lele ma kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻena ma i excessive puʻe ua malamaia no. E hōʻoia palena iki kaumaha airtight keena hana ia i loko o ka palapala o ka poepoe a me ka paukūʻolokaʻa me spherical a lalo. He mea pono e hooikaika i ka ponoi, i ua Aia ma ka huina o nā Hoʻohana. Keia ua koi 'ia no ka mea i hala loa he nui compressive haawe ana. Na pressurized kāpena kāpena me ka haawe ana o ka hoʻokali kūpono 'puʻe, aole ia i undergo anuenue deformations. Ua hana wale ma ka hoʻopilikia. Ma kekahi mau hihia, i mai la punahelu i kuemi hope. Kēia ma ka huli hele aku ai a hiki i ka mahuahua ma ke kaupaonaʻana o ka pau 'ole. E hoʻopaʻa ai i ka mea e pono ai rigidity i lalo panel hoʻohana i anuenue. Ma lalo o ka aoao o ka overpressure, ka mea i kākoʻo 'ia e transverse a me ka lonikū kaola (iwi aoao). E hōʻoi 'i ka rigidity o nā lāliʻi māhele mea i loko o ka palapala o ke aupuni? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia. Nā hale malumalu pono e lako pono ike loea hoailona iho la i ka mea a pau hoopaa iho, a riveted ami. No keia mea, he kupaianaha lola. Impregnated me ka sealant, mastic promazyvayut ole-ka maloʻoʻana, kapa komo iā ia me ka kūikawā hui, i ukali ia e ka maloʻoʻana. Ma ka huina o na papa iwi i hoʻohana nunui-lalani rivet ami i ka poe liilii, xi. Pakahi aku la ia pono hoʻokō 'hermetic hatches, puka makani, kukui, puka. Hoailona iho la i ua hoakaka ia ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i kūikawā hoailona iho la iʻano. Ua hiki e laholio ka poe hao wale, leki, inflatable paipu, gaskets.

koi 'ia hana

E hōʻoia kaʻaeʻana i nā koi e pili ana i ka mokulele fuselage, pono e hana i kekahi hana. Mau nā:

1. Ke koho ana o ia aiao cia, a me ka mawaho pōkā pūʻano ma i kauo e hoemi ana i ka palena iki, e, a me ka mea pono keia mau mea ka leo pakahi, e ia e pono ai.
2. E ho ohana i ka punohu fuselage. Ma muli o ia ia i hana i ka nui ke eaʻe. Kēia i mea e hiki ai, e emi i ke kaumaha a me ka wahi o ka'ēheu.
3. Ka naauao ana o ka pono keia mau mea ka leo. Kēia Ua loaʻa ma ka hoʻoulu i ke kūpono nuʻa, olelo hoopomaikai i hoʻokomo 'ana i ka haawe ana ma ka waenakonu o ka nuipa a. Ma keia hihia e emi ka nui minute o ka 'oni' ana , a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i maneuverability ano. Hou i ka laulā o ka oko o ka piko o ka umekaumaha ka wā wahie burnup, kekahi mau nā kinolau o ka hoʻouka hoʻolako nui kumupaʻa a me ka maikaʻi pēpēʻana.
4. Hoʻopololei fuselage mana i puhi ai a me ka huahelu i pili ia. Ma keia hihia pono e ikaika ke haka pono maila, a balancing EYI wahie, o na lala ikaika o ka eheu, pae kapa, empennage huahelu i ka hale noho.
5. E hoomanao e I / O pono o ka luina, ohua, berthing, hoʻouka / unloading o ka waiwai, pono, 'ikamu manao no ka halihali.
6. E hoomanao e kupono kokoke i mau huahelu. Kēia mea e pono kuhikuhi no ka nana a me ka kapili.

No ka luina a me ka ohua o ka mea kupono keia e e hana, e like me ka pono me ka pono nui o ka olioli i ka lele ma kiʻekiʻe altitudes. Koi mea e hoʻopaʻa i ka leo a me ka wela'īpale o keena, ia mea palekana a me ka poe ola, pilikia OAAIeOO mai ke kāpena. i oluolu na kumu e e hana Crew. Ma kekahi, he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo maikaʻi o ka pailota e e hoʻolako, ana me ka nanea o ka holo a me ka mokulele'ōnaehana.