He aha maikai tempera HW, a me ke kumu a lakou i makemake e hoʻohana kēia Artists

Tempera pena i ikeia, mai ka manawa kahiko o ka'āina. No laila, kapaʻia 'o Puʻohala makaukau ma luna o ke kumu o ka maloo me ka pauka, pigment, a me ka mea hoʻopaʻa o ka lina mea, e hana i kā lākou make ole hana. Ka adjective "tamper" hele mai ana, mai ka Roma hua'ōlelo temperare, unuhi 'ia e like me "hoʻohui, hui".

hiʻona tempera

He aha ka kiʻiona tempera HW? I ka wa pigments koʻu mau kuhikuhi mai na nā minelala hao, ke kūpono he lepo lā ua pepa hui me ka lina - hua manu yolk, wai kekahi mau mea kanu, holoholona glue a me ka aila. I kēia mau lā tempera pena makaukau me ka nānā 'ana ma kemikala make a me emulsions. Mua invented aila HW (XV kenekulia), distemper ua ka loa hanohano mea no ka hanaia'na o frescoes, icons a me na hana o easel pena. Style o keia pena mea kū hoʻokahi a me ka palapala, a me ia ka ke kumu i loko o kā mākou mau lā, i nā Artists mai i lilo aku panee ma ka tempera pena.

Hua tempera HW

Tempera HW nānā 'ana i hua manu emulsion haku mele' ana nā Kepakailiula yolk, ka aila a me ka hua pisetakia lacquer. Ka nui o kēia mau waiwai hilinaʻi ma luna o nā waiwai o HW a me ka noʻeau nā papaha. No ka laʻana, oiʻaila i ka HW nana aku me ka aila a me ka varnish, e haawi aku i ka loaʻa pākeu pohō i ka canvas nā o ka oi aku fragility. Ma Byzantine a ua Lūkini hua tempera hoʻomano hoʻohana ma iconography, ma ka poʻe akamai, hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o nā paia o na luakini i waihoia frescoes. I ia mau lā i hoomakaukauia ma ka pepa i ka wai i ka moa yolk, kvass, vīnega a me ka waina maloo pigment ka paa Agena. Pena i pili, ahu iho ma ka papa, a laila, kapa komo iā ia me ka varnish a me ka aila varnish.

Casein a me kaʻai tempera pena

No hoi e like me ka hua emulsion tempera pinepine hoomakaukau ai ma luna o ke kumu o ka casein pāʻoihana, varnish a me ka aila. Nō hoʻi tempera pena i ke kanaka ma muli o kaʻai emulsions. No keia mea, hoʻohana nui aʻe ana Apapika mucilage o kaʻuala, a me ka huapalaoa e pia (dextrin) a kamako iki glue. Oia pena i okoa nanahe weightlessness a koe hou hou, akā, no ka mea, ua hooholo koke lakou hana i loko o nā hale hana hua mea no ka pena.

Hoikehonua, 'enehana ma o ka hana o ka pena

New tempera pena i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o kemikala polymers a me pigments. Ka mea, e komo kiekie ae ka ikaika a me ka mai e koi varnish like ole holoi a me ka ole i ka wai wailana.

"Ka Haku Class" i waena o ka mea kaulana Contemporary nō kālā anao? Aou tempera pena. Series i mai maoli a me ka kemikala pigments ka nānā 'ana ma luna o Tewetewe'ākeka lakou hoopuehu. Pasty pena ua hoʻomano hoʻohana i ka moʻo o ka "Haku Class" ma ke akamai a me ka manao hana. Dries, ka mea 'ano apau loa he durably matte ho film.

Nā pono a me nā keakea i loaʻa tempera pena

Pehea e E kaha i ka like mea a me kekahi subtleties oʻano hana, e pono - he kumuhana no ka kūkākūkā i kekahi. Piula wai wale na pros a me ka hooluolu ana o tempera i nalowale attractiveness no Contemporary Artists. Ke kumu nui ia Morohiha o keia mea ua noʻonoʻo i ka nani a me ka mea paʻa. Akä naÿe, Eia kekahi laʻana o ka aila pena, canvas, pena ma ka distemper, mai hoʻololi waihoʻoluʻu, mai huli yellow, a aole hoi e poeleele hoi me ka manawa. Mai ka tempera pena maloʻo koke,ʻaʻoleʻoe e hopohopo e pili ana ia me keʻano, ahu iho e undergo loli i loko o ka buke, a 'o ia hoʻi i ke kiʻi ua ole kaha onionio a Hi ohia ma manawa. I ka Ia manawa, e hoʻokēʻai ai ka maloʻoʻana hana i kekahi mau pilikia no ka artist. No hoi, e loaa i ka haku, e lawe i ka mooolelo i ka wā maloʻo ana tempera pena hoʻololi i ke kala - māmā a uala eleele.