I ka moolelo o Orthodoxy. Introduction o ka patriarchate i loko o Rusia

Kekahi o nā hanana loaʻiʻo i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Orthodoxy i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka patriarchate i loko o Rusia. I ka ulu a me ka ole o ka ekalesia Lūkini i loko o ke Karistiano holoʻokoʻa a ua loa pono ia ma ka hopena o ka XVI kenekulia. Lepo i hana Ferrara-Florence hoao ana, a manao ma ka XV kenekulia Byzantine ekalesia me ka Waikikana, ma hope a ka Russian Kauhalenui i kū kaʻawale koho kona mua hierarch. Eia hoʻi, i ka 1453, ka Patriarchate o Constantinople ua i piha kaukaʻi ma ka Turkish sultans. Ma keia mea, ua hiki ole mai, e ike i ka nui o ke Akua i ka malama ana: Rusia lilo ka mea wale nō kūʻokoʻa Orthodox moku'āina.

I ka moolelo o ka hoike ana o ka patriarchate i loko o Rusia

Ke loa manaʻo o ka muli o ka Moscow Patriarchate ua nui pili loa ua hoʻopili i ka hoʻokumu o ka autocephaly o ka Russian Church. Ma hope o ka Moscow archdiocese loaa kekahi kuokoa kūlana mai na Helene, i ka holoʻokoʻa Orthodox honua ike i ka loaʻa kekahi waiwai o ka ROC like me ka mana nui a me ka lehulehu.

Eia kekahi,ʻaʻole loaʻa wale i ka hoike ana o ka uhane aiee o Rusia, akā, no hoi ma ka hooikaika ana o ka manaoio i ka wā e hiki mai hoao pilikia manawa o ka pilikia. Russian ekalesia e hana ana läkou i kekahi ikaika uhane a me ka mana na kanaka o, a e hele mai i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i ka haole komohewa, a me ka Hui aggression.

Ua noa hoʻomaopopo i loko o ka pōkole manawa e e hai aku i ka nohoalii patriarchal ma Moscow. Ma keia pili he mau tensions me ka Patriarchate o Constantinople, a no laila, hana hewa ma Rusia ma muli o ia ka hoʻololi i ka autocephalous hiwahiwa, a i ole makemake, e ae aku ia.

Naʻe, me ka ae ole o na makua'lii o ka hikina mai Kauhalenui iho kukala Lūkini makua'lii makemake e kekahi mea o unacceptable a me ka 'ino ai. I ke poʻo, i ke alii ia maʻalahi e legitimize mana, akā, i ka hoʻokumu o ka patriarchate, me ka maikaʻi hoʻoholo primatial oihana ua unreal.

Historical ana wale e oi aku ana hopena ma luna o ka hooponopono ana o ka patriarchate i loko o Rusia i ka noho alii ana o Fedor Ivanovich (keiki Ioanna Groznogo). Fedor i alii ai (ka hapanui a pau o ka manawa, ua lilo ma ka pule, o kona Karistiano upbringing i makemake ole e hele mai i ka olelo me ka hoʻohalahala realities o ke ola pili aupuni, e like me ka hopena, i canonized i kona inoa), a me Boris Godunov (ke kaikaina o ka wahine a ke alii Fedor Irina Godunov) alii iho la oia.

Boris Godunov

Loa pīhoihoi kanaka ua Boris Godunov. I ka Ia manawa ka mea, ua he statesman nui, nana i hana i ka polokalamu, e mihi i ka Lūkini moku'āina, a makemake kona mana a me ka prestige ka hōʻoi '. Eia naʻe, i kēia hana Godunov i ka ikaika uhane kumu, a me ka pinepine i hana i kona mau kauoha ma ka mea o unacceptable morally (a me na mea a pau ia i kauoha ia me ka pepehi kanaka o Tsarevich Dmitry, he mea i pololei hoike). A, o ka Lūkini kanaka nui ana paha i loko o ka uhane a me ka pono hoohalike ma hope o oprichnina, a no ia mea, ua loihi ia mai a pau i ka grandiose kuka o kona poe alii.

Aka Godunov makemake e ike Rusia me ka mana nui, a ua hiki ke lawe mai i ka mea o ka apono ana o ka patriarchate a ka hopena.

e hoomaka ana

Ka mua pae o ka aʻo, hoomaka ae la me ke kipa i Moscow i ka 1586, o ka Heihei Hoewaʻa o Anetioka no Joakim. Kēia 'Imi manao "Godunov" diplomats. Akā, ma mua i kona kipa ma waho o Western Rusia , a ike aku la i ka hae o ka Hui Polish-Lituania mokuaina, a aneane i hōkaiʻia i ke ola ana o ka Ekalesia o ka Kyiv Metropolis (ma ka Ewa o ka Union o Brest). I kaʻaha Moscow, ike aku la ia i ka nui oiaio a me ka nani o ka Apana Roma. Makua'lii, Joachim halawai mai me ka hanohano nui noʻu aku a me ka mahalo, hele aku la no hoi oia no ka manawalea, e like me kana oihana i ka aie o ewalu tausani gula. Godunov i ka lanakila o keia manawa, a hoomaka ae la e hoʻokō i kona kuka - i ka hoike ana o ka patriarchate i loko o Rusia.

Moscow Kauhalenui Dionusio,

Ma ka hiki 'ana o Joakim i ole e haawi ia lakou ihoʻike Moscow Kauhalenui Dionusio. Loa paha, ka mea, ua i loko o cahoots me ka Godunov, a hookani i ka ha. Makua'lii i hoouna aku ai i ka mea mahuʻi Hale Pule Nui o ka Moscow Kremlin. Aia ma mua ona i loko o nā mea a pau kona nani ma ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa kapaʻikeʻia i loko o ka hoomana ana Kauhalenui Dionusio, oia no ka mea mua pōmaikaʻi o ka makua'lii o Anetioka, akā, oia koke i hewa. Manawalea aku-imi haahaa i hōʻike i ka maoli primate o ka Ekalesia nui.

i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka patriarchate i loko o Rusia - i loko o hula Godunov, a hoʻomaka e hoʻomaka malu ke kūkā 'ana me Joachim, i ke kumu nui theme like o i Here ke hele mai. Ka lā o kēia hanana nui i mua loa pili. Joachim ua i makaukau no keia kamailio ana, akā, i'ōlelo mai ai, e kukakuka pu ana me ka hikina mai makualii. Moscow ma keia kahua i Ua maona.

kaua

I ka hope loa hua'ōlelo ua no Constantinople (Kou). Aia hoʻomohala i ka hana keaka hanana. Kekahi ma hope o kekahi hoohiolo iho la oia i ka makua'lii, ua ransacked ka maha ma ka o Tureke, na dala a pau embezzled. Cash a me ka palapala o ka Moscow mō'ī ma kahi e nalowale.

Makua'lii, Konstantinopolskiy Ieremiya hoomaka ae la e hoihoi i ka hou makua'lii, akā, i ke kala no ka mea āna i hana ai. A ua hoʻoholo iholaʻo ia i ka hana e like Joachim i hele i Moscow me ka lima kākāuha, a me ka. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻoleʻo ia iʻike e pili ana i ka mua i mea kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hanaia'na o ka Moscow patriarchate. A me na mea a pau ma luna o ka hoʻomaka 'hou:ʻo ia ha i Ua pâʻani' o ia, e like me ia me kona hoʻokomo. Ieremia ua aneane he makahiki ma lalo o ka hale hopu i loko o ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa 'ia i loko o ka pōhaku keʻokeʻo.

ka makua'lii Ioba

Ma mau, keia halawai ana ua fateful no ka ekalesia Lūkini. Ke plight o ka Patriarchate o Constantinople hoʻokani i ka maikaʻi ala ana i ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka Patriarchate ma Rusia.

I Moscow, i keia manawa, e like me ia ma Kou, he mau loli. Godunov hewa Kauhalenui Dionusio, i ka 1587 ma ka pili ana me ka boyar kipi, kipi koi ke oki mare Tsar Fedor me kana wahine Irinoy Godunovoy no ka infertility.

Dionusio, i wahi Rostov Archbishop Ioba, i ka hopena o January 23 (February 2), 1589 ,ʻo ia e lilo i ka mua Heihei Hoewaʻa o pau Rusia. A hiki i ko makou manawa, i ka 1989, i kona inoa, e e canonized.

I ka 1721 Peter I hoopau ia i ka patriarchate: ka mea, e hoihoi hou ia e wale ia ma 1917 ma ka Local Aha, a me ka poe i waeia, makua'lii o St. Tikhon. A laila ka mea, e ia paakiki no ka mea Lūkini Church Bolshevik manawa. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Tikhon koke ia i lawe mai i ka Hale Pule Nui. Wale i ka 1943 ua lilo i mea hiki, a me ka Primate o ka Lūkini Orthodox Church lilo Seregio (Starogorodskiy). Makua'lii, Kirill lilo ka 16th Heihei Hoewaʻa i loko o ka lalani Rusia.

Ke'ōlelo mai, Ua paa i ka oihana hoike o ka patriarchate i loko o Rusia (i ka makahiki 1589) i loko o ka 16th kenekulia.