Intestinal villi: 'ole, hana, ke koko lako a me nā hiʻona

No ka mea maʻamau functioning o ke kanaka kino e pono ai, eʻai ana o ka ai. Omo o ka nui ola waiwai a me kā lākou hoʻololi iho huahana ua lawe mai i loko o ka uuku liʻiliʻi. Ua hoʻokomoʻia ma loko o laila intestinal villi a me ka hana i kēia kuleana pili i. Lākou'anatomia, wahi, cytology, a e e kūkā mai no hoi ia.

Ka 'ole o ka mea liilii, liʻiliʻi a me kona oihana

I kanaka'anatomia Oihana līkaia 3 - ka duodenum, jejunum a me ka ileum. Mua ma kahi o 30 knm loa. Eia hele mai ka mea kūikawā o ka intestinal epithelium nā'ūhū, bile a me pancreatic nā'ūhū. Ma ka mea hookahi Oihana omo kaʻina huli no. Wai a me ka paʻakai,'amino nāʻakika a me nā wikamina, momoma nāʻakika 'Imi i omo i mai me ke kōkua o ke villi.

Ma waena o ka jejunum, a me ka ileum aole mea i maopopo mawaho mokuna, a me ka huina lōʻihi o 4.5-5.5 m. Akā, na oko, o ka papa, nei. Jejunum :

• Ua loaʻa he oi aku paia mānoanoa;
• Intestinal villi ia hou a me ka liʻiliʻi anawaena, a me kā lākou helu mea i oi aku;
• ka mea, e aho lako pū me ke koko.

Aka, i ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka duodenum - ka digestion o ka ai. 'Aʻole wale nō i loko o ka intestinal lumen, i kēia kaʻina ua lawe mai, akā, i kokoke i ka pa (parietal digestion) e like me loko o na keena (intracellular).

E hoʻokō i ka weuweu ma ke mucosa he mea kūikawā amo nenoai eʻokoʻa no kēlā me kēia 'Oponopono. An hou hiʻona o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ua paka. I ka mea 'ē aʻe - keia mea no ka nui hiʻona.

E hoonoho ana villi a me kā lākou 'anatomia i

Intestinal villi ma ka gut i ke aupuni 'ia ma nā mea a pau ekolu pauku o ka liʻiliʻi naʻau liʻiliʻi , a hāʻawi aku iā lākou i ka velvety helehelena. Ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia no ka villi ka hola 1 mm o, a waiho loa anuanu. Ka mea i hana mai i ka mucousʻili lahilahi protrusions. Per huinahalike millimeter o ka ili o ka mea liilii, liʻiliʻi mua a me ka lua o ka Hoʻohana hiki e mai ka 22 a hiki i 40 liilii, ma ka iliac - 30.

Mawaho, ua uhiia i ka intestinal villi me ka epithelium. Kēlā me kēia aeea i ka ai iiiaanoaa o protrusions kapa microvilli. Lākou huina i e like kiʻekiʻe me 4 la. Per epithelial aeea, a nunui maoli kaʻilikai epithelium, a me ka hopena, i ke omo ili honua o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi.

All intestinal villi i loko o ka gut o ka ke kanaka i axially lymphatic capillaries ka hoʻomakaʻana i ka wēlau o ka villi, a me ka ai iiiaanoaa o capillaries manaʻo i loko o ka stroma.

Ke kelepona hele haku mele 'ana o nā villi

He ke alo aku o ka kekahiʻano o ke keena kuleana no ana i ka intestinal villi. Akā, mua na mea mua:

Kēlā me kēia villus, nānā 'ole o ka wahi, ua hoalaala ia me ka epithelial, ahu iho iloko olaila o ekolu ano o ka halepaahao: ka columnar epithelial keena, poepoe lā ia exocrine a me ka endocrine keena.

enterocytes

Ua ua i ka loa pinepine pilikia i loko o ka epithelium o ka villi aeea type. Kona lua o ka inoa o ka columnar epithelial halepaahaoʻAno. Keena prismatic shape. A ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka intestinal villi ua hanaʻia e ia. Enterocytes i neʻe mai ka gastrointestinal'āpana i loko o ke koko a me ka lymph nenoai e pono ma ke kino o ka waiwai i hana iʻai.

Ma epithelial keena ma ka ili honua he mea he kūikawā Park hana microvilli. Mau microvilli 1 micron ² papa koa mai ka 60 a hiki i 90 apana. Ka mea, hoomahuahua i ke omo ili o kēlā me kēia halepaahao 30-40 manawa. Ke aupuni 'ma ka ili honua microvilli glycocalyx paha ke hoʻopili akula nā'ūhū.

Kekahi laha 'o epithelial aeee i keena me ka microfold a no laila, i kapaʻia-M-keena. Lākou wahi - maka lymph follicles nā pae a me kanaka. Ka mea, i kapa hoʻohanohanoʻia e ka oi flattened ÿano, a me ka uuku o ka microvilli. Akā, ua uhiia keia ili microfolds me i ka halepaahao mea hiki ke hoʻopio aku i ka macromolecule a me intestinal lumen.

Poepoe lā ia exocrine a me endocrinocytes

Single keena, i ka helu ana i maoli, mai ka duodenum a hiki i ka ileum. Mau mea typical mucous aeee loaa, a laila, hoʻokuʻu 'ia mea huna i ka mucosal ili honua. I ka bitumena paipai 'ana i ka ai ma ka gut i ka mea ia manawa' ole i loko o ke kaʻina hana o kaʻili lahilahi digestion.

Helehelena o ke keena hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka degere o ka hoʻomāhuahua o secretions ma loko, a me ka mucus ho okumu iho ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka hoʻokomo 'ana i ka Golgi nakeke. Empty nā hīnaʻi manu, oo kahińuli kou malu, a ololi me ka hoemiia Kora naʻEsau.

Ua endocrinocytes synthesize a pee biologically hana waiwai i pāʻani ole wale i ka papa digestive, akā, i pāʻani nui ka kūlana i mau pūnao. Helu i hoʻokomo 'ana i kēia mau keena - ka duodenum.

oihana

Mai ka 'ole lilo koke maopopo i kuleana pili i ua hana ia e ka intestinal villi i loko o ka digestive kaʻina, no laila wale pokole kēia heluna o ia:

1. Ke omo o carbohydrates, nā polokina,'amino nāʻakika, e like me kā lākou hoʻololi iho huahana. Ka mea i hala aku ma na capillaries i loko o ka villi, a ma ke koko lawe i ka nū nenoaiu o ke akepaʻa.
2. Lipid omo, akā, e aho, chylomicron (particles) loko mai lipids. Ka mea, i hala aku i loko o ka lymphatic olona, a me ka loko o ke koko, piliwaiwai i ke akepaʻa.
3. Kekahi hana o ka intestinal villi - secretory, pee mucus no ka hiki pono o paipai 'ana o ka ai ma ka liʻiliʻi.
4. Endocrine, no ka mea, kekahi o ka villi keena paka histamine a me ka serotonin, secretin, a he nui nā hormones a me Bava.

Bookmark ka embryo a me ka noho ma hope o eha

Mai a aeea mea a pehea ka intestinal villi, ua ike, akā, i kona wa i ua waiho i loko o ka kanaka kino a me ka mea aeee? E mākou nānā i kēia nīnau.

I ka pau ana o ka lua o ka malama a me ka hoʻomaka o ke kolu o ka intrauterine kanaka kūpono 'ana e hoomaka ana i ka nuʻu, mai ka gut endoderm o ka liilii, liʻiliʻi a me kona ooieoeiiaeuiuo eiiiiiaiou - pā, villi, lua pao.

Initially, epithelial aeee e mai i ka ikaika differentiation, a hiki i ka hopena o ke kolu o ka malama ka mea, e hookaawale. Glycocalyx ma ka microvilli, a i uhiia me epithelial keena, ua kau ma luna o ka mahina ha o ke keiki.

Ma ka hebedoma lima, ka wā pono i hāpai keiki, aia no he serous uku pila o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi, a me ka walu - Muscle a me connective'aʻaʻa o ka naʻau liʻiliʻi. All leho i waiho mai i ka mesoderm (visceral lau) a me ka connective'aʻaʻa mesenchyme.

I ka pau ana o ka digestive'ōnaehana keena a me nā'aʻaʻa waiho iho la iloko o fetal kūpono 'ana, akā, ma ka manawa, e hana i ko lakou mau oihana, intestinal villi i poino. Pehea ke ano o ka loaa ana o na wahi kahi i make keena? Ma mitotic māhele o ke ola aeee ke aupuni 'kokoke. Lakou wale lawe i ka wahi o ka make nā hoapili, a olalo e hana kona kuleana pili i.