Japanese encephalitis: symptoms, lawe, vaccination

Japanese encephalitis - he infectious maʻi i loli ole wale kanaka akā, i nā holoholona. Ka mea hoʻomaʻiʻano nui e loli ai i ka lolo. Endemic outbreaks ana mai Augate a hiki i Sepatemaba, a mau i hou aku 50 lā o ka makahiki. Ka muli o kaumaha i ka ua ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o ka wela - e Aloha pono 'ia no ka maʻi lele? Aneii maʻi - makika.

A wahi moʻolelo

ʻO i ka 1871, Kepani kauka i ho'ākāka 'ia i ka maʻi me ka ona e hope i ka 60% o ka hihia. Kela manawa, i ka makahiki 1933 Haiashi kaʻawale i ka mea hoʻomaʻi a me ka hooholo pono ana i ka maʻi ua ho'īli. Ma ka mokuna o Rusia, ka mua hoohiki ana o ke Kepani encephalitis mea hoʻomaʻiʻikeʻia i loko o 1938, ka maʻi i loaa i loko o ka hema o Primorye.

Ka mea hoʻomaʻi la kona inoa ma muli o i ka outbreak o ka maʻi i loko o Japan. I loko o kēlā mau mea weliweli loa ia manawa, o ka makahiki 1924, ka mea hoʻomaʻi oi ma mua o 7000 kanaka i loli, 80% o nā nā mea maʻi i make ai.

I ko kakou aupuni, i ka maʻi ua i kapa B encephalitis, he mosquito a kau-Akuma ka encephalitis.

Etiology a me ka microbiology Japanese encephalitis

Ke causative Agena o ka maʻi o ka mea hoʻomaʻi genus Flavivirus, no ka Togaviridaeʻohana. Mea hoʻomaʻi ua pepehi wā enaena i ka wela o ka 56 degere mea wale 30 minuke. Inā ka mea, paila, alaila, e make ma hope o 2 minuke. Inā ka mea hoʻomaʻi ua maloo, a paʻahau, ka mea e ole e lilo a ua hiki ke waiho wahoʻaneʻane ka wa pau ole. I mehana ea, i ka mea hoʻomaʻi ke aua i ka hiki, e noho no ma kahi o 45 mau lā, a ma ka haleʻuwī waiū meakino ma mua o ke 30 lā.

hiki vectors

Ma lalo o maoli rula, i ka papa kuhikuhiE lawe i waterfowl. Ua kaʻawale kekahi rodent mea hoʻomaʻi kekahi.

Ma ka aina ponoi Japanese encephalitis ke hana puaa a me ka lio. Puaʻa e lawe i ka maʻi ole symptoms, a me ka incubation manawa mea i oi aku mamua o 5 mau lā. Loa kākaʻikahi nā mea maʻi puaʻa hiki e noho'na makaainana i ulu abortions.

An iho mailoko o kanaka mea pilikia loa i ka 'ē aʻe. Ma ka kanaka kino i ka mea hoʻomaʻi komo ka tuha o iho mailoko o makika. Ma kānaka, i ka incubation wā papa koa mai ka 4 a hiki i 21 mau lā. Hoʻomāhuahua o ka maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka'emi'aʻaʻa o ka wahi likeʻole o ka lolo. Vascular lesions e hiki iwi a me ka lolo'aʻaʻa. I ka Ia manawa, ka hapanui pinepine asymptomatic pathology. Ka hapanui o kanaka, ka poe i ike ole i ae mai encephalitis, loaʻa nō nā mea'aʻaʻa i loko o ke koko nenoaiu. Me ka elemakule, o kela kanaka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu wale ikaika ae la.

ʻAuhea ka mea hoʻomaʻi ka loa, he pono ole?

Maoli ai, ke Kepani encephalitis mea,ʻaʻole loa typical no ko kakou aina. Ka mea hoʻomaʻi ua loaʻa i loko o ka hema i ka hikina Asia, a me ka mea i ka'ākau hapa o Australia, India, Pakistan, Thailand, Japan a me Indonesia. Ka papa o ka "mea pepehi weliweli"'āina mai nā 'ma kahi o 24 Hawaii. I mau, ma lalo o ka make māinoino o ka hoouka kaua ana o ka heluna kanaka o ma kahi o 3 ieeeea? Kanaka ma ka Honua. I ko kakou aina na makika e hiki i maʻi i loaʻa i loko o haalele kauhale ma na outskirts o kauhale a me na kauhale, ma ka wahi kahi mea pinepine ua a me ka kiʻekiʻe humidity.

pathogenesis

Ano no ka Japanese encephalitis hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mau moku'āina o ke ola. Na healthier kanaka e, ka emi kamepiula o ka maʻi. Loa pinepine, ka mea hoʻomaʻi i pepehi mua i loko o ka ka pahu kui paena.

Inā pau i ka hookahi mea hoʻomaʻi "a nenei" i loko o ke kino, kona ulu hilinaʻi nui pili kēia ma luna o ke kino mahana: ina e pii mai, alaila, i ka mea hoʻomaʻi ua "kūpikipiki'ō" a ua ulu hikiwawe loa. Ua hoʻonuiʻia kino mehana ka poʻea pau i mālama nui papa o ka maʻi. Once ka mea hoʻomaʻi Ua lanakila i ke koko-lolo ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai, ka mea, ua hoouna aku la i ka lolo parenchyma. Kēia mea ma ka mea hoʻomaʻi hoʻomaka hana kūpono 'ana. I loa hoopii, i ke kumu kāki i ke hoʻomaka i loko o ka'emi ko kahua.

Japanese encephalitis: Symptoms

Ma kānaka, i ka maʻi i loko o ia lŘlŘ ekolu kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

1. Ka hoʻomaka '. Ka lōʻihi like au o ma kahi o 3 mau lā. Wehewehe aku ma kekahi noho'na makaainana i ulu wela e hoea i ka 40 ° C, i hiki paa ma keia pae no ma kahi o 10 mau lā. Man nui kou manaʻo e pili ana i ka headache, ole, kaʻeha ma ka lumbar spine, gastrointestinal mau mea o na lala. Kekahi e hoomanawanui i ka mahina nausea, hiki i ka luaʻi. I mahuahua ai ka puʻuwai, a hoola ae i ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale i 140 kui iho oe a.

2. O ka huʻi wā. Ma ka 3rd a 4th ka lā i hele mai exacerbation pathology, symptoms e ikea ano meningitis kaumaha lakou ano o ka hoomanawanui, a hiki coma. He nui nā mea maʻi e ae mai ka noʻonoʻo 'kāna hana, hallucinations, delusions.

Muscle leo ua mahuahua, a me ka hoʻomanawanui hiki wale nō ia i loko o ka supineʻoihana ma kaʻaoʻao a ma ka hope. Lala i ka hookahi manawa i loko o ka manao kūlana. Muscle spasms ana i loko o ka'ā'ī, a kamaiʻilio nāʻiʻo. Hiki redness o ka optic nā aʻalolo, a hiki i ka nani. Kekahi nā mea maʻi i pneumonia paha bronchitis.

3. Wā convalescence. Japanese encephalitis i loko o keia anu u e holomua i 7 pule. Kino mehana ua ana stabilized, a hoi aku la i ka maʻamau. Aia paha e koena ole o ka lolo poino, Muscle nawaliwali, lilo o ka ōhumu, bedsores.

Aia nō nā mea maʻi e ae aku i ka maʻi i loko o ka mehana palapala, me neurological symptoms.

Loa maʻi hiki e ona.

Pakahi aku la ia epidemiology a me ka prognosis

Activators o Japanese encephalitis e loa pinepine i loaʻa i loko o slaboobzhityh wahi kokoke loko a me nā wahi lepo wai. Ma Tropical'āina, maʻi'ōkuʻu mau hou ma mua o 50 mau lā. Ke kamepiula pūʻulu nā kanaka i hana ke ao o waho a ma kahi o ka wai. Loa pinepine e ae mai Japanese encephalitis na kanaka mai ka 20 a hiki i 40 makahiki.

Ma kamepiula 'ē aʻe iauaeoia oo? Ecia e hele ana ma Holiday ma ka aina me ka Tropical aniau, ma laila nō kiʻekiʻe humidity a me ka monsoon. 'O kēia ka Philippines, Thailand, pakahi aku la ia i ka'ākau hapa o ka moku'āina, India, Indonesia a me nā'āina'ē. Malihini i nolaila ikaika waiho ia e vaccinated ma mua e holo ana i ka Tropical'āina.

Ke kēla no ka loaa mea uuku loa, ka pahiki o ka make, he 80%. E like me ka rula, mea pepehi mua 7 lā, i ka hoʻomanawanui i hāʻule i loko o ka coma, a me ke kāʻili 'ole eha.

People ka poe i hele ma na kuʻina a pau o ka maʻi, pinepine i koena ole:

• psychoses;
• hyperkinesis;
• emi ma ka 'imi naʻauao hiki;
• lōlō;
• asthenic kulana.

PalekanaEND_LINK ana

ʻike, no ka maʻi - mea he lākou o ka lapaʻau a me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua noiʻi. Ka wā koho i kekahi papa hana kauka i aʻo i kaʻoihana kuhikuhi ma ka hoʻomanawanui ka kulana. ʻike, nā:

1. keʻena hoʻokolohua ho'āʻo ma. Ma ka hebedoma mua ma hope maʻiʻaʻai e hooholo i ka pathology mea hiki ia ma ke koko hōʻike. Over ka mea e hiki mai ana na hebedoma elua, e hiki diagnose i ka maʻi ma muli o ka hopena o nā haʻawina o cerebrospinal loli.

2. Serology. ʻike pūʻia me ka hoʻohana ''ūhū immunoassay, a me RN, RNGA-, RTGA- a me DGC ho'āʻo ma.

'inikua therapies

Iapaau ana o nā mea maʻi i "hui" maʻi lele o Japanese encephalitis hiki ole ke paa ana ma ka wale kekahi kauka. Ke Inc komo pū infectious maʻi, neurology a me resuscitators. Ma lalo wahi rula o ka hoʻomanawanui ua lawelawe kekahi mau 'immunoglobulin paha lāʻau lapaʻau, ma kahi o 3 manawa i ka lā i kekahi hebedoma o ka lapaau. A me keia i symptomatic a me ka pathogenetic Inc. Mau hana i pahuna ma Kāohiʻana o cerebral edema, detoxification, normalization o nā mea a pau nā loko, a nenoai.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia mea i ka laau mea,ʻaʻole e hiki Japanese encephalitis. Inc hiki wale wehe i na symptoms. No ia mea, ia mea nui loa ia e vaccinated i loko o ka 'eleu kūpono.

Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi

E pale maʻi'ōkuʻu ka loa nui kaʻeleu immunization o ka heluna kanaka. Vaccination ku e Japanese encephalitis i ka inoa "formolvaktsina". OE pilikia prophylaxis o ia hoʻi, mau hoʻoponopono o 6 ml a me 10 ml immunoglobulin hyperimmune equine lāʻau lapaʻau.

Eia hou, i ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi - ia mea he moʻo o ka hulina ana e hoʻopale ai i ka mosquito hoouka. Ke epidemiological kamepiula mau mea hiki e paipai hoʻohana o aiiay kapa. OAXA hoʻohana 'ana o nā repellents, me ka hinu i na paipu, ka hoʻohana' ana o nā mea a pau ana e pale makika i loko o ka lumi ola.

E vaccinated ku e Japanese encephalitis ma Moscow e ia i loko o ke kulanakauhale a me ka paulele i ka hoʻomana 'inikua hui.

Loa pinepine, i ke kanaka vaccinated, "make" laʻau koʻokoʻo, no laila,ʻaʻohe complications ma hope o vaccination. I ka Ia manawa, ka mea, ua? Aeiiaiaoaony e nīnau aku i ke kauka ina he allergic reactions. Paha i keʻano o ka redness a me ka haanou ana ma ka ka pahu kui paena. E ikeia headache, diarrhea,ʻeha ma nā nāʻiʻo. Kekahi e hoomanawanui i ohumu o ka pōniuniu a me ka nausea, ole, a me ka poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole.

ua i lawe Immunization mai i loko o ke alo o ka helu ana o infectious maʻi i loko o ka wā o ka gestation a me ka lactation, ina ka mea, ua ike ia hypersensitivity i ka hoʻomanawanuiʻana i heterologous nā polokina, loa allergic reactions.

I kēia lā, loaʻa nō 4 walaʻauʻana ano o vaccines ku e Japanese encephalitis:

• inactivated;
• ka nānā 'ana i ka iole lolo keena;
• inactivated ka nānā 'ana ma luna o Vero keena;
• recombinant ola a ola attenuated vaccines.

Ka loa kaulana laʻau koʻokoʻo SA14-14-2 hala MEA retraining, a hua mai la ia ma Kina.

No ka iauaeoia oo? Ecia, vaccination ua lawe mai, ke kaumaha ma muli a aupuni ka mea, e hele, e hele aku, kahi a lakou e noho ai, ma na outskirts o ke kulanakauhale, a ma ke kulanakauhale, no ka mea, pehea la ka loihi, 1 hebedoma, mahina a me ka makahiki.

Vaccination hiki e lawe mai ma nā manaʻo:

Poe kanaka ka poe i hapa-manawa mahiʻai, e hōʻoia 'vaccination o nā holoholona, ma ka mea, i nui laua. Puaʻa i ka hapanui mau hoʻohana ' "ola" laʻau koʻokoʻo. I? Eou hoʻolaha like kamepiula mau mea, ia mea kupono e lawe mai regular kanaka me ka insecticide.