Kaulu China. E ka loaaʻi ka ike

Inā ka kuhikuhipuʻuone - ua kiʻi kālaiʻia i loko o ka pōhaku music, ka porcelain - e Aloha paha paʻahau mahina. He mea maopopo loa i ke porcelain i invented ma Kina ma ka VI kenekulia. Ka ike ole ia o kona? Iecaianoaaiiuo ua pololei mālama ai i wale i loko o ka XVI kenekulia i loko o Iapana e hoʻomaka ana i ka paka me nā huahana e like Pākē. Porcelain haku mele 'ana o ka porcelain nuipa a ua puʻunaueʻia i loko o ka hana a me ka pahee. A me keʻano o ka loulou ma waena o ia mea i ka iwi waiho pa. Ua maikaiʻano o ka pālolo ua i kapaia "keʻokeʻo gula". A ka mea, ke ole e uku ole? Iecaianoaaiiie hanana. Products i no ka mea, hiki e wahi ana i na hana o ke akamai, hemolele i loko o kona 'ole a me ka ano.

I ka moolelo o ka hanau ana

Ke huli nei ma ke keʻokeʻo, a me ka ke kino malu o kālua waiū, kokoke e moakaka fragile mana mea paakiki i ka manaoio i ka pau porcelain ua ki ma 1250 degere, noi glaze a kī hou, ua hakumakuma i ka mahana i ka 100 degere. First iwi waiho pa i invented maʻEnelani ma ka waena o ka XVIII kenekulia i loko o ka hola Dzhoshua Vedzhvuda. No ka mea, he nui na makahiki o ka monopoly ma ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka mea, ua waiwai maʻEnelani. A huna oia i ka mea i loko o ka hana kuʻuna slurry no ka porcelain (hui o kaolin, feldspar a me ka pōaka) i huiia i 50 pakeneka mōhai iwi palaoa. Eia ka mea, o kekahi mea, a haawi aku la kupaianaha huahana ano: he lauwili anei, translucency, smoothness a me ka mea paʻa. Akā, iwi lehu i ia e hoomakaukau i loko o ka hana alanui i ka iwi waiho pa i lilo i ka maikai waiwai, ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o i ua ai jealously mālama ma ka Beritania. Mea pōmaikaʻi, i nā mea huna a pauʻoiaʻiʻo, e lilo i ike. Porcelain hua mai maʻEnelani, lanakila 'Eulopa, a laila Asia. Ironically iwi waiho pa China hoʻomaka e hoʻohana Aneane pau na aina hope.

Naʻi aupuni o Rusia

Ma Rusia, ma ka waena o ka XVIII kenekulia majolica? Iecaianoaaiiuo? Ac?. Papakaukau majolica huahana mea i emi iki mahope o ka mea e like ai i Europa. Kāinoa porcelain? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o Rusia nō makemake Peter I, kauoha aku la ia ia e aʻo i ka malu o ke ana porcelain ma Meissen. Ke ho'āʻo pilikia. No laila, i ka 1724, ma ka porcelain hola kalepa Grebenshchikov, a ma hope ma St. Petersburg hana hoʻomaka e hoʻomōhala kona iho? Iecaianoaaiiuo kaʻina. Ma St. Petersburg, i ka 1744, ua hoʻokumuʻia Lomonosov, Hehe imperial, porcelain hola, a i ka mea mua i loko o Rusia no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o porcelain. He 'aneʻi no ka Empress Elizabeth ua hanaʻia'ūpā koli, a laila, ko Salisbury mau mea a pau: vases, kīʻaha a me ka hope dolls. Products Lomonosov Porcelain hola (LFZ) e like aiʻuʻuku emi i ka Pākē, akā, ka mea, he nui ho'ēmi. A aha ka iwi waiho pa? Ua Ua hua mua ma ka Lomonosov Porcelain hola i ka makahiki 1969 wale. Rusia ka mua huahana, mai keia mea i ke kiaha. Ma ka hooulu ana o ke kuhikuhi i oi aku mamua o elua makahiki, akā, Kaulu China LPF, e kiʻi i kekahi mea e like ai English, thinner, keokeo a oi ka aniani moakaka. No ka mea, o kona ulu ana o ka mea kanu poe akamai i i hookoia ka USSR State uku. A no laila, hiki ke Lomonosov Porcelain hola - ka wale Lūkini ka hoʻohua o ka mea maikai i iwi waiho pa.

kahi, kunou

Ka hiʻona o porcelain i loko o ke ao nei me ka nānā 'ia e kona waiwai: i ka nani, ka hiehie, keʻano o nā' ano apau loa, i ka waihoʻoluʻu koho waihoʻoluʻu. Porcelain aua ai i wela no ka lōʻihi manawa, i kekahi Kalaiaina hiki decorate figurines, vases, sculptures. Peerless masterpieces mai ka iwi a waiho pa - ke ano o ke kahea kāleka o Rusia. Ka mea i hāʻawiʻia i ka kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe luna, ohi, i loko o Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, ka mea hoonani hale aliʻi a me ka hoʻonānea hale.