Ke US kaua a me Japan: ka makahiki, i nā kumu o ke poho

Ma 'Aukake 1945 bombings o elua'ātoma hopeʻia ma luna o nā kūlanakauhale o Hiroshima a me Nagasaki i pau ai i ke kaua ana 4 makahiki i loko o ka moana, i ka papa kuhikuhiE mau hoa paio i o Amerika a me Japan. Ua lilo ke confrontation o kēia mau mana nui i kekahi hapa o ka Apana o ke Kaua Honua, a ua he nui hopena ma luna o kona hoʻokūkū. I ka mea ia manawa, a me keia la i ke koena o ka mana i loko o ka International Arena mea pili i kaʻilihune o ia mau hanana kahiko.

He aha kena ae la i ke ahi i loko o ka Pacific

Ke kumu no ka Amerika Huipuia, a me Japan o ke kaua, ke moe i loko o ke kaua ma waena o kēia mau'āina, ano hoomainoino i ka 1941, a me Tokyo ma ka ho'āʻoʻana, e hoʻoponopono i ia e kaua 'ana. Ka hoopaapaa nui ma waena o ka ikaika ao nei mana i kaua kipi ma nīnūnē e pili ana i Kina a me ka mokuna o Farani, Indochina - ka mua Palani lēpela.

Hoomalau i ka olelo ma ka 'Amelika aupuni ao ana o ka "hamama pani puka", Japan i imi ai i kona piha mana ma luna o kēia mau'āina, e like me ka pono me ma luna o kona hopu ia mamua Manchuria mokuna. Aie i ka manaopaa o Tokyo i loko o kēia mau mea mālama 'ia i loko o ka Washington kūkaʻi'ōleloʻana ma waena o nā'āina elua i i haawi i kekahi hopena.

Akā, i kēia mau kuleana i ole kaupalena 'ia Japan. Tokyo, e noonoo pono i ka United States, Pelekane a me nā koloniala mana e like me kā lākou ka loaʻaʻana, a pau na koa ho'āʻo ana e oust ia lakou, mai ka kukuluhema moana a me ka Hikina Hema Asia, grips, no laila, na kumu o ka ai, a me ka maka mea, i loko o ko lakou mokuna. Ka mea, ua ma kahi o 78% o global laholio? Iecaianoaaiiuo ua i loko o kēia mau mea, 90% piuta, a ua nui no hoi na waihona waiwai.

Ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua

Ma ka hoʻomaka o Iulai 1941 i ka Japanese kaua, hoʻowahāwahā i nā kue emanating mai na aupuni o Amerika a me Beritania, ka mea i lawe mai i ka 'ana mai o ka hema hapa o Indochina, a ma hope o ka pōkole manawa, e hele mai ana pono i pili i ka Philippines, Kēkēmapa, ka Hōlani Hikina Indies a me Malaya. Ma muli o ia keia America i kau mai i ka pāpā ma ka importation i Japan o nā kaʻakālai mea, a ma ka mea ia manawa e ma kona paʻahau kapa o Japanese waiwai. Penei, koke wawahi mai ke kaua ma waena o lapana, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia i ka hopena o ka kaua pili aupuni i Amerika e imi e hoʻonā i ka waiwai nā ho'āpono.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka oihana koa iʻini ma waho o Tokyo waiho loihi ana a hiki i ka hoʻoholo 'ana ma luna o ka' ana o ka aina o ka Soviet Union. Kēia i loko o Iulai 1941 ma ka imperialʻaha kūkā, i mai la ke Kuhina o War, Japan Tojo. E like me ia ia ia, he pono ke hele i ke kaua ma ka mea, e luku aku i ka Soviet Union a me ka laweʻana mai o kona waiwai kumu waiwai. Naʻe, i ka manawa i kēia mau mea kuka,ʻaʻole hiki i pono ma muli o ka nele o ka mana, i hoouna mai ai i ke bulk o i ke kaua ma Kina.

I ka pōʻino o Pearl Harbor

US a Japan hoʻomaka i ke kaua me ka kaua ikaika ma ka 'Amelikaʻoihana moku kumu ma Pearl Harbor, kena ae la i ka mokulele a me na moku olelo o ke Kepani'auwaʻa, i kauoha mai ai ma ka Adimarala Isoroku Yamamoto. ¶ A hiki i December 7, 1941.

Ua lawe mai i ka 'Amelika kumu mau ea kaua, komo ma ka 353 mokulele, i aku la, mai o ka mokulele lawe 6. I ka hopena o keia kaua, no ka pomaikai o ka a ua he foregone ka hopena pili kēia i kona kähähä, ua ai Crusher i kuʻi mai i ka nui loa o ka US Moana, a ua oiaio he aupuni pōʻino.

Ma ka pōkole manawaʻenemi mokulele 'ana ma ka berths 4 loa ikaika US Moku battleships i lukuia, o ka a 2 me ka pilikia nui ma wale e hoʻokele i loaa ma hope o ke kaua. More 4 moku o kēia 'ano i ae mai nā palapū kaumaha, a ua paʻa ka polokalamu JavaScript.

Eia kekahi, ka mea i piholo ai seriously poino 3 poʻe luku aku, cruisers 3 a me kekahi o koʻu, ahu iho. E like me ka hopena o kaʻenemi bombardment o Americans i nalowale 270 Kekoa e ku ana ma ka nui ma luna o ka Hawaiian aerodrome, a ma kaʻoneki o ka mokulele nā moku halihali mokulele. Ma luna o kēia i luku torpedo a me ka wahie poʻina nalu,? Aeia, hoʻoponopono iwilei a me ka mana loa.

Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE pōʻino ua he nui lilo ana o nā limahana. E like me ka hopena, ke Kepani ea kaua pepehi i kekahi kanaka i loko o 2404 a me 11 779 poino. Ma hope o ia, ka mea hana keaka hanana o ka Amerika Huipuia, hai aku kaua ma lapana, a kauoha aku hui i ka Anati-Hitlerʻahahui.

Hou ia mua o Japanese hao wale

I ka pōʻino ma Pearl Harbor, lawe mai ia i ka nui hapa o ka US Moana, a me hiki ole i ka Pelekania,'Aukekulelia a me ka Hōlani'auwaʻa e i ka manuwa koa o Japan mea Competition, ua loaa i ka pokole superiority i loko o ka Pākīpika. Hou hostilities Tokyo alakai Ally me Thailand, he koa berita i i kakauinoa i loko o December 1941.

US a me Japan, i ke kaua loaa momentum, a lawe mai la i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka pilikia i ka hoʻomaka i ke aupuni o Roosevelt. No laila, ma ka December 25, ka ami ana o lapana, a Thailand e hoʻokele e uhi i ka ia'ku o na koa Beritania ma Hong Kong, a ua hoʻoikaika ka Americans ma ka oo lako a pan a me ka waiwai, e evacuate, mai ko lakou mau kumu i kokoke mokupuni.

A hiki i ka hoʻomaka o May 1942 koa pomaikai invariably pu ma ka Japanese poe koa a me ka moku, a 'ae' o ka Emperor Hirohito e lawe ke kāohi o ka nui nā panalāʻau e nā ka 'âina Pilipino, Iawa, Pali, kekahi hapa o ka Solomona Pae Aina a me New Guinea, Pelekānia Malaya a me ka Hōlani East Indies. Japanese pio ana aia no ua kokoke 130 tausani. Beritania hao wale.

Ka popoiwi wahi i loko o ka papa o ke koa ana

Ka US kaua e ku e ia Japan i he okoa kūpono 'ana ma hope wale nō o ka kaua moana ma waena o ko lākou mau'auwaʻa, i mai ai May 8, 1942 ma ka koʻa kai. Ma keia manawa i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia i maopopo i hoʻomaha ai i ke kākoʻo mai o ka Anati-Hitlerʻahahui allies koa.

Kēia kaua aku la ia ma ka mōʻaukala me ka mea mua i loko i na mokuʻenemi mai, mai hookokoke kekahi i kekahi, i ole i ka hookahi pana, aʻaʻole i ike kekahi i kekahi. i lawe mai nā mea a pau ka oihana hana wale nō ka nānā 'ana ma luna o kēia mau Kekoaʻoihana moku maunakea. Ua uaʻano nui he clash o nā pūʻulu lawe kaua.

I loko nō o ka mea i loko o ka papa o ka mea, kaua o ke kue paha i pii ole mai i ka lanakila i ka maopopo lanakila, KUMUMANAʻO NUI lanakila, nae, ua ma kaʻaoʻao o ka Allies. Mua, i kēia kaua moana papani iho la i holomua, mai i ia manawa, no ka paipai 'ana o ke Kepani koa, a me ka lanakila a me ka kaua oʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Iapana, a me, ka lua, ka mea paa i ka pio ana o ke Kepani'auwaʻa i loko o ka hope kaua, i mai ai i loko o June 1942 i loko o ka wahi o ka moku hāpapa Midway.

Ke koʻa Sea Ua piholoʻia nā mele Japanese mokulele lawe - "Shokaku" a me ka "Zuikaku". Ua huli mai no ka imperial Moku irreparable poino, kūpono ai i loko o ka lanakila no ka US a me kona allies ma ka hopeʻoihana moku kaua huli i ke au o ke kaua i loko o ka Pākīpika.

Ho'āʻo 'o ia e mālama i ka kahiko naʻi aupuni

Losing Midway 4 hou mokulele nā moku halihali mokulele, 248 hakakā mokulele a me kā lākou maikaʻi pailota, Japan poho i ka hiki e hoʻomau i ka hana pono ma ke kai mawaho o ka cii uhi kahakai-ma muli mokulele, a ua ai no ia i maoli poino. Ma hope iho o ia, Emperor Hirohito mau koa hiki i kū ai i kekahi pomaikai kaumaha, a huli lākou hana a pau ma ka malama ana i ka mua lanakila? Anoeia. ¶ A i ke kaua ma waena o Iapana, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia ua no mamao mai ka paʻaʻana.

I ke koko a me ka kaumaha hakaka, a mau ae la ia no ka mea e hiki mai ana 6 mahina, ma Pepeluali 1943, ua hiki ke hoʻopio i ka mokupuni o Guadalcanal 'Amelika poʻe hao wale. Kēia lanakila i ka manaʻo o ka KUMUMANAʻO NUI no ka hoomalu ana o convoys ma waena o ka United States, Australia a me New Zealand. I ka wā e hiki mai, a hiki i ka hopena o ka US, a Ally aupuni i hooponopono o Solomona, a me ka Aleutian Pae Aina, i ke komohana hapa o ka mokupuni o New Beritania, hema-hikina o New Guinea, e like me ka Gilbert Islands, a he hapa o ka panalaau o Beritania.

I ka makahiki 1944, i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Japan, i ke kaua i irreversible. Ua kona koa Loaʻaʻia ana a me ka ole me ka ikaika, e hoʻomau kūpono 'ana, Emperor Hirohito ka poe koa i kia a pau lakou nei poe koa i ka pale o ka mua pio panalāʻau o Kina a me Burma, e hāʻawi ana i ka hou Initiative i loko o ka lima o kaʻenemi. Kēia Ua kena ae la i ka helu ana o make ai. Pela, ma Pepeluali ka makahiki 1944, i pio na Kepani e emi hope mai o ka Marshall, a me eono mahina ma hope - i ka Mariana Islands. Ma September, ka mea, haʻalele New Guinea, a ma October, ua lilo ka hooponopono ana o ka Hiʻiakakahanuolaokahula Pae Aina.

Ka'opi o ka poe kaua o ka Emperor Hirohito

US a Japanese kaua (1941-1945) culminated ma October makahiki 1944 i ka wa a ka ami ana o na allies Ua i lanakila Philippine hana. Ma waho aʻeo i ka US Army, ka mea i hele ma na puali koa o Australia a me Mexico. Lākou, he pono ole pahuhopu i ka liberation o ka 'âina Pilipino, mai ka Japanese.

E like me ka hopena o ke kaua, hooholoia ma luna o 'Okakopa 23-26, ma Leyte awawa, Japan poho i ka bulk o kona moku. Kona make ana ua 4 lawe 3 battleships, 11 luku, cruisers a me 10 2 o ka mokuluu. 'Āina Pilipino, ua loa i loko o ka lima o ka Allies, akā, sporadic clashes hoomau ia a hiki i ka hope o ka Apana World War.

I ka hookahi makahiki, ae nanea ana i ke akea palena pau ma ka Manpower a me ka pono, US koa i ana i mālama 'ia mai February 20 a hiki i March 15 hana e paʻa Iwo Jima mokupuni, a mai April 1 a hiki i Iune 21 - Okinawa. no laua a elua a hiki i Iapana, a ua lilo ia i pono kumu no ka ea ole pepehi iho at ia ma luna o kona kulanakauhale.

No kŘpuna Andaman i ke kaua ma Tokyo, o ka US Air Max? Ii 9-10 March 1945. E like me ka hopena o ka papakaukau bombing, ka mea i kākauʻia ai i ka mea hina o 250 tausani. Hale, a ua make ma kahi o 100 tausani. People, ka hapanui o ka mea, he mau civilians. Ma ka ia wā,ʻoʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Japan, i ia ma ka hoouka kaua o ka Ally kaua ma Burma, a me ka mea mahope kala ia mai ka Japanese hana i ke kaua.

Ka mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o'ātoma bombing

Ma hope o ka August 9, 1945, Soviet lākou poʻe kaua a hemo i kūpono 'ma Manchuria, ka mea, ua i ka Pacific kai eʻe loa ai maopopo, a me ka mea, i ke kaua (1945), Japan - US pau. Naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā i kēia, i ka US aupuni i ia hana i i ole analogues aole hoi ma o ka hala, aole hoi ma o ka kēia mau makahiki. Nukelea bombing Ua i ma kona aoao o na Kepani kulanakauhale o Hiroshima a me Nagasaki.

Ka mua'ātoma pōkā pahū ua hāʻule ka kakahiaka o 6 August 1945 ma Hiroshima. Ua haawi aku ka US Air Max B-29 bomber, hanau mai la ia i ka inoa Enola Māhū ma hope o kona makuwahine moa luna - Colonel Paul Tibetsa. Ka loa hookahi pōkā pahū i kapaia o Little Boy, a 'o ia hoʻi - "Ka Mea moʻokāki no." I loko nō o kona pili aloha inoa, i ka pōkā pahū i ka mana o ka 18 kilotons o TNT, a me ka pepehi, e like me na koho, mai ka 95 a hiki i 160 tausani. Man.

Ma hope o nā lāʻekolu, i ukali ma kekahi hou'ātoma hopeʻia. Kēia manawa o kona pale kaua ua Nagasaki. Americans eʻiʻini e haawi inoa moku i wale paha aircrafts, a me ka hoi hopeʻia, i kapaʻia ia i ke kaikea a Man - «momona Man". He haawi keia kai nona ka mana ua like me 21 kilotons o TNT B-29 Bockscar, he poʻe i kauoha mai ai ma ka Charles Sweeney. Kēia manawa na nā mōhai a pau ma waena o 60 a me 80 tausani. Civilians.

Ka hoihoi o Japan

Ke kŰia o ka bombing, i pau makahiki o US-alakaʻi kaua me Japan ua ai nui i ke Kuhina Nui Kuhina Kantaro Suzuki hoopii aku ia Auguseto Hirohito, he hoakaka e pili ana i ka pono no ka kakahiaka cessation o nā mea a pau hostilities. E like me ka hopena, i kakahiaka nui me 6 mau lā ma hope o ka lua o ka'ātoma kaua, Japan kūkala kona hoihoi ma September 2 o ka hookahi makahiki i ka hana i kakauinoaia. Ka hōʻailona o kēia palapala i pau ai i ke kaua i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia - (. 1941-1945 GG) Japan. He ua i ka hana hope loa o ka Apana World War.

E like me ka hoike, i ka US poho i loko o ke kaua me Japan ua like ia 296 929 kanaka. O kēia mau mea, 169 635 - koa a me nā luna o ka honua huahelu, a me ka 127.294 - Moana a me ka pū. I ka Ia manawa i loko o ke kaua e ku e ia Hitler ka Germany 185 994 Americans i make aku.

O Amerika i ka pono, e hoopakele nukelea e pepehi iho at ia?

Ma ke kia-kaua makahiki unabated paio ma ka appropriateness a me ka legality o nukelea e pepehi iho at, hanaia mai i ka manawa o ke kaua (1945), Japan - Ka US i mua ua kokoke e puni. E like me ka hapanui o ka hoʻonohonoho 'poe akamai, ma keia hihia, ke kahua nīnau mea ina ka bombing, a pepehi iho la na umi o na tausani o ke ola, e pono e kakau i ka olelo ma ka hoihoi o Japan i hua'ōlelo oluolu a hiki i ka noho aupuni ana o ka Peresidena Garri Trumena, a he mau'ē aʻe aoao e kū ai i ka makemake hopena?

Poe kokua o ke bombing hoʻopaʻapaʻa wale ana no o keia loa brutal, akā, hoaponoia, ma ko lakou manao, na ana ke puʻe i ka Emperor Hirohito e haawi, oiai e ae ho'āʻo ana i ka mohai manao lokahi, inevitably ua hoʻopili i ka forthcoming kaua o US kaua ma Iapana, a me ka pae o ka poʻe hao wale ma luna o ka mokupuni o Kyushu.

Eia hou, e alakai ana i ka manaʻo hoʻopiʻi 'ikepili helu, a hōʻike i kēlā me kēia mahina o ke kaua i ukali ia e kekahi papakaukau lilo ana o nā kupa o ka'āina e ku o Japan. Ma kekahi, ka mea, ua oaeuiinoe ia ma luna o ka holoʻokoʻa wā o ka noho ana o na Kepani poʻe hao wale i loko o Kina, mai 1937 a hiki i 1945 ka heluna kanaka i make ma ka malama 'aelike ma kahi o 150 tausani. Man. A like kumu hiki no hoi e ike i loko o nā wahi o ka Japanese ana.

Penei, ka mea, he mama, e hoʻomaulia i ole he nukelea 'olohani, i puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka Japanese aupuni a hiki i ka koke hoihoi, kēlā ka mea i hahai ana ka mea mamuli o kekahi mahina o ke kaua makemake e lawe pio ai ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 250 tausani. Ke ola, a hiki loa i ka helu ana o luahi o ka bombing.

Ma keia manao, e koena moopuna o Peresidena Garri Trumena - Deniel Trumen - i ka 2015, i ka lā o ka lā hoʻomanaʻo he kanahiku-makahiki o ka'ātoma bombing o Hiroshima a me Nagasaki hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia i kona kupunakane a hiki i ka pauʻana o nā lā mihi ma ka hoʻolilo, e haawi ia lakou, a hai aku i ke kanalua pono o ka olelo hooholo. E like me ia ia ia, ka mea, ua pili kēia hōʻeleu i ka pau ana o ka oihana kaua, Japan - US. World War II hiki pono mau no kekahi mau mahina, ināʻaʻole like drastic ana o ka 'Amelika hooponopono.

Mau hoa paio o keia manao

mau hoa o ka bombing, ma ka huli hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ole ia i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Japan i loko o ke Kaua Honua II i ae nui ka pōʻino, a mahuahua ma ka lilo ana o ka mōhai i waena o ka sīwila heluna o na kulanakauhale elua loli ana e ke nukelea kaua mea he hewa kaua, a me ke dala i i ka moku'āina ka weliweli.

Ke kolohe a me ka 'ole-nukelea ho'āhewa wale i māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana he nui' Amelikaʻepekema, ka mea kino komo i loko o ke ana o kēia mau mea kaua make. Ka mua o kona mau manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni i koʻikoʻi 'Amelika nukelea physicist Albert Einstein a me Leo Szilard. Back i ka 1939 ka mea, ua palapala i kekahi mau palapala i US Peresidena Roosevelt, ma a ka mea, e haawi aku i ka pono auhau no ka pono o nukelea mea kaua.

Ma May 1945, i hoouna aku i kona manaʻo ehiku alakaʻi o 'Amelika akamai i loko o ka mahinaʻai o nukelea noiʻi, alakaʻiʻia Dzheymsom Frankom i ke poo o ka moku'āina. Ma ka mea, ua kuhikuhi maiʻepekema i ina kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia hoʻomohala i ka hana mua o ka mea pepehi, ka mea makemake hoonele ia o ka lahui kākoʻo, e haawi aku i impetus i na mea kaua lāhui a me ke olonā wāwae wā e hiki mai hiki ole no nā hualoaʻa a hooponopono i keia ano o ka mea pepehi.

I ka piliʻaoʻao o ka pukana

Ka haʻalele 'ana aʻe i nā manaʻo hoʻopiʻi kū'ē no ka appropriateness o ka oihana noi o ka'ātoma kaua ma luna o nā Kepani kulanakauhale, ia e ke kaulana, a me kekahi hou ia paha ke kumu o ke kumu o ka US aupuni ua hoʻoholo ihola ma luna o kēia lōʻihi ka anu u. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hōʻike o ka poe a pau e ho ololi i ke alakaʻi o ka Soviet Union a me Stalin kino.

I ka, ma hope o ka pau ana o ka Apana World War, ua he kaʻina hana o ka redistribution o spheres o ka ole ma waena o ka nui mana, i ka pio koke mua Nazi Kelemānia, Truman loaʻa ka mea pono i ka h ÷ ike i ke ao nei ka poe a ianoiyuaa a i ka oihana koa Loaʻaʻia loa ikaika loa.

I ka hopena o kona mau hana i na mea kaua lāhui kanaka, i ka hoʻomaka o ka Ihuanu, Kaua, a me ka inoa haumia Iron pale i maheleia ka honua i loko o nā māhele. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ka kūhelu Soviet propaganda hōʻaʻa kanaka hooweliweli, allegedly emanating mai o ka "honua poʻo", a ua hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i ke kaua me Iapana, a me ka US, ma ka kekahi lima i ole kiʻi luhi i ka olelo e pili ana i ka "Lūkini bea" encroached ma luna o na kanaka a me ka Christian nā loina. Penei, ka'ātoma pōkā pahū nouʻana mai ma ka pau ana o ke kaua ma luna o ke Kepani kulanakauhale, he nui hou aku makahiki, wahi a puni ka honua.