Kuokoa mau māhele o ka olelo

Ke kaua i loko o ka Lūkini 'ōlelo i ka olelo kaʻana like na mea a pau. Part o ka olelo me ka nānā 'ana morphological helehelena, oihana a me lexical syntactic waiwai.

Lākou haku mele 'ana ua hana a pau ka manawa, oiai ulu Lūkini grammar. Ma ka keia kahua ua kaʻawale kuokoa māhele o ka olelo (notional) a me ka hana. Kaawale noonoo interjections, modal hua'ōlelo a me onomatopoeic.

Kuokoa hapa o ka olelo (i loko o kekahi mau kumu i ka mea i haawiia e like me ka notional) hōʻike i nā 'ikamu, nui, ka waiwai, hana, quality, kulana. Ka mea, i ka grammaticalʻano a me ka lexical. Eia hou, ka mea hana i ka syntactic hana i loko o ka olelo, ka olelo ana i ka papa kuhikuhiE paha haumāna lala.

Kuokoa o ka ninau ninoieo o ehiku'āpana o nā hua'ōlelo: numeral, i ka inoa o ka adjective, a me ka noun, verb, pronoun, adverb, a me ke ano waeʻano. Ole a pau o ia e hoʻololi i kona ano ma keʻano o nā mea. Kēia hiki He ano wale no ka haʻiʻano, ka haʻiinoa, numerals, a me verbs a me pronouns. Kūkākūkā o moku'āina (ʻaʻohe manawa, minamina rad) a me adverbs iʻaʻole loa hoʻi e o ka ho okumu i like kinona. Me ke koe o ka liʻiliʻi qualitative adverbs, a e hiki ke hana i ka loa o ka hoʻohālike.

Ma ka waeʻano o ka moku'āina (a me ka predicate) e noho 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu, e like me kona hoʻokuʻu mea ole a pau Pili'ōlelo. Ua hana ka mua manawa V. V. Vinogradov a me L. V. Scherba. A me ka naauao o ka predicate, ua ololi a me ka pālahalaha. Ma ka hihia mua, a hiki i ka waeʻano o ka moku'āina nā wale ia mau olelo i mea ma ka impersonal hoohewaia e (kekahi i loko o kahi o ka luna manawa ua kaheaia ma ka infinitive) pāʻani he syntactic kūlana o ka predicate: lā, anuanu, hiki ole i ka ike, ua hiki ole e noho malie, hoʻokahi houʻana, ua hiki ke olelo, pulu ka, wela . I ka lua o ka hihia a hiki i ka moku'āina mahele kikowaena a pau na olelo i mea ole verbs, akā, hana like me ka predicate: oe hiki ole, e pono, e, olioli iho la ka pilikia, ke, i ka makaukau.

Grammatical hiʻona predicative: ke hoʻohana 'ia pū me ka pua kiele o ka waiwai a me ke kūlana. Ma ka hihia o ka puali ololi hoomaopopoʻaneʻi ua hou a me ka immutability o ka olelo.

Aia He He hailona o ka moʻokalaleo, aʻano convincingly kākoʻo helu waeʻano kūlana a hiki i na wahi o ka olelo. I ka mea, no ka mea, ma laila nō ma ka 'ōlelo o nā hua'ōlelo i mea ole verbs, a AIAIEUEOO i ka hana o ka predicate verbs. Kekahi linguists manaʻo waeʻano kūlana correlated me ke kuleana pili i neglagolnyh hua'ōlelo 'ano apau loa i loko o ka hoʻopaʻi. Akā, aka hoi, i kēia pukana mea nō problematic, a koe hamama.

Aponoia i ka puunaue ana o māhele o ka olelo hiki ole ke ea ae ia e ikaika, e like me ka 'ōlelo He pinepine ka hoʻololi hoailona mai kekahi hapa o ka olelo i kekahi. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole i nā'ōlelo a ke hana ia me ka uku ole. Kekahi kuokoa mau māhele o ka olelo increasingly neʻe i nā kuokoa, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa - i loko o ka oihana. No ka laʻana, adverbs ke hele i loko o ka waeʻano o prepositions: e pili ana, a puni. Ma ka haʻiinoa he mea waiwai pronouns: ka mea (ia) ua ia ma o ka haule ana. Gerunds kekahi, ma prepositions a me adverbs: naʻe, i ke aloha i ka noho hāmau e ku ana. ka haʻiinoa i pinepine hapa o ka luna 'kuikahi nei, (particles) prepositions:'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka, no ka, manawa, a me na mea e ae.

Mau māhele o ka olelo ana ma ka olelo Beritania, e like me ka pono me ka Lūkini, māheleʻia i loko o notional (notional, kuokoa) a me ka hana. Ka mua no hoi kekahi mau huaʻolelo i loaʻa i ka piha lexical manaʻo, mea e kaumaha aku ai i mau lala, a kapa aku la i ka hana, na hoailona a me nā mea. English Grammar pono ia adverb, verb, pronoun a me ka adjective, noun a me ka numeral.