Manor Gorenki: kahi, kiʻi, mōʻaukala

Ma Moscow, nui kaʻoi loa, ma Balashikha ka mea, o kekahi o ka mea nui, a kahiko Lūkini aina. Over na makahiki ia i waiwai ma ka loa kaulana mauʻohana: Dolgorukov a me Razumovsky, Tretyakov a me Yusupov.

Gorenki Manor Ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o ke kapa hema o ka muliwai, ma ka hema o ka Vladimir Highway, i ua manawa kapaia Nizhny Novgorod alaloa. A puni i mokuahana olelo mala, piha me cascades o ehiku iʻa, a i i pohā aku mokupuni a me na alahaka i ka nani Manor hale. Wale ekolu o lakou ola a hiki i ko makou mau lā. Ua kuai lilo Part o ka aina a hiki i kekahi mea nona ma ke kudala. Mea pōmaikaʻi, ke kumu nui hale, e like me ka pā kaua, a ia? Ea Ensemble mālama, nae ia mea i loko o ka maikaʻi loa ke ano.

A wahi moʻolelo

I ka moolelo o ka Manor Gorenki Balashikha uhukiia i loko o ka mamao i hala. No ka mea manawa mua i ke kauhale ua oleloia i loko o kaʻoihana Gorenki pili ana i ka XVI kenekulia. Ka mea mua nana o ka aina i ua Nr Zakharʻin-Yuriev - ke kaikaina o ka wahine Ivana Groznogo a me ke kupuna kāne o Tsar Mikhail Romanov. Manawa o ka pilikia, a me ka piʻiʻana aʻe i ka noho aliʻi ia i 'ae' e hoʻomaka iai? Oaiaaiea Romanov Ka Home ma Waikīkī.

Prince Yuri Khilkov wale i ka 1693 kūkulu o ka mea mua Manor hale, a haawi aku la ia i kahi hookahi a me ka'āina me ka uku no kana kaikamahine Paraschiva.

Dolgorukovs

I ka 1707, Praskovya Khilkov mare i Alekseya Dolgorukova. I ka 1724 ka mea hou nona o ka waiwai pili ana i ka pali,'ākau, a me ka Gorenki Czyżew, a hoomaka ae la e kūkulu i ka hale alii. Kana keiki, Ivan, ua i ka holomua 'oihana ma ka' aha hoʻokolokolo, e lilo ana i ka punahele o ka opiopio Emperor Peter II o, a ua pinepine kipa Gorenki.

AG Dolgorukov moe au ia Peter II mare i kona, he umikumamahiku makahiki kahiko kaikamahine Ana. Ma November 1729,ʻo ia i komo, a hai mai la Ekaterina wahine mare mō'ī. Akā, a pau o ka uliaʻumikumamāhā Auguseto, hina iho la ka maʻi, a make iho la. Dolgorukovs i fictitious makemake i loko i ka Auguseto i hope a hiki i ka noho aliʻi o kona wahine. Akā, i kēia mau palapala i i manaoio ai no ka lōʻihi manawa Dolgorukovy hoouna mai i loko o ke pio, a ua hoolilo i ko lakou waiwai a pau i ka Waihona.

Keʻena i loko o ka XVIII kenekulia

Manor Gorenki (Hawaii photo oe ke ike ma lalo nei) ma ka noho alii ana o Elizabeth lilo i ka waiwai o ke Kauna Razumovsky. He ua he chorister o ka ekalesia papa hīmeni, a ma hope lilo i punahele o ka Empress. Razumovsky i ka 1747 hoʻoholo i kūkulu hou i ka hale. I ka Ia manawa, ua hoomaka i ka hana o ka Ekalesia o All-aloha e olaʻi.

Moʻolelo e olelo aku i ka mea, i ka wā Alexei Razumovsky Manor hoomaka pomaikai no au. I ka mea, ua kuana hale aliʻi, i ka i i pili i ka Kiure puka e komo ai i loko o ka panina kaila me keʻokeʻo loloa kolamu. A puni ka hale he paki i ka nani pāka me cascading loko a me kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni ana. A ma ka 1809 i hana i ka waiwai Gorenki Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Society, ka mea mua i loko o Rusia. Aia i hoʻonohonoho 'ia hoʻi i ka manawa i ka nui hale waihona puke o ka puke ma luna o nā sciences maoli.

Ua pono e olelo aku i ka mea nana o ka waiwai i kekahi passionate launa kino mamua o ka pohihihi keia mea kanu,? Aneii o ka mea ana i hana mai i ka manawa'ōpio wale nō. Mahalo i kana mau hana i loko o ka waiwai Gorenki Balashikha ikea ka nui Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau mala me ka hoʻoulu mea kanu, a nui ma kahi o ehiku tausani o ka mea kupaianaha mea kanu i lawe mai, mai nā mea a pau ma ka honua. ʻaneʻi a he mau Tropical mea kanu, i mea nō paʻakikī e kiʻi maʻa i ka kūloko huliau. Ke kīhāpai Ua mahiʻohe a me Pake kedera, hema tireza, a me nā lāʻau pāma. Mau huakaʻi pinepine i hele mai, mai kekahi aina, e mahalo i ka mea i hanaia Razumovsky.

No kēia mau mea nui aina a kiai aku F. B. lawaiʻa - ike nä känaka 'epekema-botanist, ka mea hope poai puni i ka Kāhua Ulu'lāʻau Garden ma St. Petersburg. i kupono na keiki a ka Earl ua, no laila, a pau ka waiwai ma hope o kona make ana, me ka Manor Gorenki, i hooholoia i ka poʻe mamo kaikaina. A hiki i ka mahele o ka'āina hoʻoili Manor hele i Alexei Kirillovich, ka mea ma ia manawa ua mua loa-ike botanist, i ua pinepine kapaia "Russian Linnaeus."

Me ia ma luna o ka waiwai hoomaka nui-ka unahiʻole, no? Ieoaeunoaa. Dala no ka landscaping o ka waiwai Alexey K. i aloha mai. He, aole i emi o ia ma muli o ia i ka holomua mare ana no V. P. Sheremetevoy.

I ka pau ana o ka XVIII kenekulia

I loko o kēia wā Manor Gorenki ma Moscow ua loli nunui: kūkuluʻia e ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone mai Kekokia Adama Adamovicha Menelasa i-yoa? Iiai ekolu Manor ka hale i. Kona mea helehelena ua hoʻonaniʻia me ka portico me eono nui keʻokeʻo kolamu. Hoikehonua, moʻolelo a me ke akamai moʻolelo manaoio i ka paa o kona kuhikuhipuʻuone manaʻo i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka manao o ka mea kaulana pā kaua Perov nui kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Rastrelli.

Gorenki kūʻai 'Ua hoʻololi i loko o ka panina kaila. Ma mua o ka ekolu-moʻolelo hale ua he menagerie, a ua kukulu no hoi iluna ma kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana i nā wahi, hoʻonaniʻia me ka pōhaku keʻokeʻo kiʻi. Mai ia ia a hiki i ka loko ua he ākea staircase.

paka

Loko a me nā grottoes, na alahaka, ua hoʻohiolo hoʻi i nā mokupuni arbor-rotunda, a, o ka papa, uliuli hakahaka i ka epitome o Classic English pāka. Meneles kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone i hana ai no Razumovsky, ka Stroganovʻohana, a laila, hoʻoholo i ka noho i loko o Rusia a mau loa aku. He ua i ka mea kākau o ka kūlana hana, a i ike ia e na momi o kuhikuhipuʻuone nō - Alexandria Park, a me ka neoneo Palace ma Peterhof Palace Reserve (Tsarskoye Selo), Arsenal (Alexander Park).

Manor wā o ka emi

I World War II (1812) Manor waiho wale aku no i ka hailona. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Alexei Kirillovich (1822) loaa ka waiwai, Prince Yusupov. Moʻolelo koi i Razumovsky ua oleʻoi aku ko lākou manaʻo e pili ana i ka poe e kiʻi i ka hale Gorenki. Wā koi i loko o kona mau memoirs i ka huina nui oia i aloha ai, a i mālama i kona mau mea kanu ma mua ma luna o nā keiki ma mua.

Mai ka wa kahiko maoli Yusupov ua hoʻopili i na mea he nui kuhikuhipuʻuone masterpieces. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole mea ike i ka hapanui o ka nani a me ka pā kaua paka Ensemble ma Arkhangelsk i hana ka hoʻohana 'ana hoʻolilo mai ka Gorenki laau waiwai, hoʻomehana honua mea kanu a me nā sculptures.

Manor e make ai

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o A. K. Razumovskogo Gorenki i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Manor hele mai mea onionio. Nā Loina Hawaiʻi ohi ia ma luna o nā makahiki, ka mea, ua kūʻai liloʻia aku i kekahi kanaka. Waihona Puke a me ka herbarium kuai Alexander I, kekahi o na mea i kuai landowners mai ka puni kauhale, a ua kuai lilo aku la i ka mea Yusupov waiwai i ka poʻe kālepa Volkov, a i ole kuleana i ka malama ana o ka nani Manor. A pau kā lākou dilapidated waiwai, a hele mai i loko o naniʻole.

I ka'āina hoʻohiwahiwa Manor hale hoʻomaka i ka hana mau nā hale hana a me ka laau hale no ka mea, ua kukulu iho la ka poe e hana i loko o ka pāka. Mai keia ka kūkuluʻana loli ole wale o ka hale, aka, i ka paka a puni ia. Maria Tretyakova, ka penultimate nona o ka mau hala i ka hale no ka hoolimalima i ka hale.

Wale nō ka mea hope nona o ka waiwai, industrialist Sevryugov, hoao e hoola ia ia. Mamua o ke kipi ana i ua hoʻopuka kālā Fabulous i ka manawa dala i loko o ka waiwai o ka hoihoi hou ana. na interiors ua, ua hoihoi hou ia ka hale, e kau i mea na facades ua holoiʻia loko iʻa. Hoʻihoʻi Ea hana kākoʻo kaulana kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Chernyshev. Kona haaheo i ke Gula Hall ma ka papahele mua o ka hale. Na papakaukau, stucco hana ma luna o kona nā kaupaku i no la i ka malamaia.

Ia mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī e noonoo ai i na i ka pālākiō o ka hoihoi hou ana, e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka mea i loaʻa iā ia ka poʻe e uhau ana i ka e kukulu hou ia overlapping hale i i luku wale i ka pahu kui hola nanaina hookae, pakele no na ala a hiki i ka eheu, a kukulu ma kona wahi i ka colonnade, e luku aku i na hale o ka laau ma ka paka, hoihoi i ka stucco a me ka pena i ka hale. Aka hoi, i hoihoi hou ia i ka Manor i loko o ka hopena o ke kauwela o 1917.

Gorenki Manor ma Soviet manawa: ka nationalization

Ma ka twenties, i nationalized ka waiwai, a no kekahi manawa ua he keiki ka hale. I ka makahiki 1925 ma laila ua hoonoho iho i ka sanatorium "Red Rose" no ka TB nā mea maʻi. Ua la kona inoa i loko o ka hanohano o Rosa Luxemburg. Ma ke ala, oia mau no ka hana i keia la. hoomaka ae la a puni na hale e pau i loko o ke kauwela cottagers. Aia ka hōʻike i kekahi o ka kūloko aina hale no ka lōʻihi manawa noho Meyerholdʻohana.

Manor i keia la

Iloko o na makahiki o Soviet rula ino-Hapai oicyenoaaiiie aayoaeuiinoe ua kena ae la irreparable poino i ka luna 'a pau. Kūkuluʻia ma luna o kona mokuna i mālama kokoke e pau loa, akā, i ka mea i haalele i ka paka, a hāʻule i loko o naniʻole. O ka loko ehiku nalowale eha, e kua i lalo i nā kumu lāʻau, i ka eha halelewa, rotundas, ola mau wale na alahaka, akā, i ko lakou kulana mea deplorable.

Colonnade e alakai mai i ka hale ka papa kuhikuhiE i ka outhouse, ulu i ka nalu, a me ke degere o ka luku mea oi, he heiau kahiko e like. Mai na anuunuu e alakai ai i ka paka, he mau koena uuku nalowale a me ka aeto, mai ka pedestal ia ia kekahi manawa hoonaniia.

Ka paka mea ma luna o nā kapa o ka loko i ka hana hoihoi māla a me ka paka? Ieoaeunoai i loko o ka waiwai Gorenki. Grot - kalaka nui-subterranean 'ole i kukulu ia mai cobblestone nui i kekahi, i na newa mai, mai o ka pa, e like me ka niho nui Moana. I ke kikowaena mea na¯ haʻawina keʻena, a ekolu ololi, o Kahualoa Kokohi ala hele. I ka palena o ka grotto e hina ma ka wahi. No ke aha la e hana i kēia hale - no ka olioli ana o ka haku a me ke anu'ōpao, a me ka pololei o ole i kekahi ke olelo aku, inā paha, i loko o ko makou manao, i ka lua o ka mana i oiʻoia iʻo.

Groth i kona mau kaʻao, i olelo mai ai i ka wā o ka waiwai no a hiki i ka landowner D. N. Saltykovoy (Saltychikha) ike loa hikiwawe, i kona pea nui i hoʻohana 'ia e hoopoipoi na serfs. Eia naʻe, i mea hoike no keia mea,ʻaʻole, a me ka mea, e like me ka moolelo. Iloko o ka hope? Aeiino? Oeoey o ka grotto i hoihoi hou ia, akā, i kēia lā ka mea, ua hapa 'ia e hina hou.

Ka mea, e hoihoi hou ia e Manor anei?

Connoisseurs o Russian mōʻaukala i ole lilo manaolana i keia, e hiki mai ana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai foreseeable. A me ka mea, i nā mea a pau i ka elue: nei hale hai aku i ka mōʻaukala hē, hoomaluia ma ka moku'āina. Nei, hoomaka ae hoihoi hou ia ana hana, akā, ka mea, e loli ana e na facades o ka hale, a me ka hapa uuku wale no o ka paka. Good ano o nā hale e leie aku iā mākou i ka manaolana i ka waiwai e ho'ōla kuai kona mau hanana mua helehelena. I makemake makemake e ike i loko o mākou noho pilikia manawa, he Kau waihona,ʻaʻole indifferent i ka Lūkini moʻomeheu.

Manor Gorenki: pehea e kiʻi ma laila?

I ka waiwai ua aia ma kaʻaoʻao hema o ka Nizhny Novgorod alanui. Ke mau wahi Gorenki Manor: alanui enthusiasts, 2. Ua hiki ke lalau ma kaʻa, kaʻa 'ohua, a hua.

Pehea e kiʻi i ka Manor Gorenki kaʻa? Mai ke poʻo e pono e hele ma ke alanui M7, a hahai ia ia Balashikha. Ke kūʻai 'oe e ike ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau o ke alanui.

Me ka Kursk alahao noaioee hele e lńkou wahi Gorenki kela la i keia. Mai ka mea, a hiki i ka aina Pono e kekahi, o ka hola mau kilomika. 'Oe ke lawe kaʻa' ohua # 336, i haalele mai i ka "guerrilla" Metro wahi. Ke Keaukaha E e noi, e hooki aku i ke kaʻa'ōhua ma ka waiwai, ma mua e holo ai i ke kulanakauhale.

A mau hua'ōlelo i loko o ka hopena

I loko nō na makahiki o ka mismanagement, Manor Gorenki hoopaa iho la i ka kaʻume o ka mea kahiko Lūkini aliʻi waiwai. Oiaio no, o ka hale, a me ka paka lilo kona palapala nani, a nō hiki ole ke hoohalikeia me na kaulana aina me Kuskovo a me Arkhangelskoye. Akā, i loko o konaʻikena moku'āina mea kū hoʻokahi lewa ana e hoano e hiki wale i ka wa a kipa i kēia mea wahi.