Mea hana keaka Emma Tsesarskaya: Kawaihae, hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, pilikino ola a me ka hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

Initially, ka mea, i ole pono i loko o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Soviet 20s, e kālele ana, no ka hapanui loa, ma ka avant-garde hoʻokahuli aupuni ke keʻena. Akā, ma hope o kaʻumi makahiki, ma mua o kaʻike Emma Tsesarskaya lilo i kaulana Auana mea hana keaka. Ua i ole wale no kaʻume mākenēki kaʻume a me ka nani, akā, i ka lilo o ka hoʻoponopono-mea. Ka hiʻona o ka manaʻoe kūkulu he hoku o ka USSR i ka mea ia e kahaha, ma hope o ka kūlana o Aksinya i ka "noho malie kahe ka Don" Emma Tsesarskaya i aponoia. Kawaihae, hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni mea hana keaka i e hana okoa, ina ka mea, i ole hopu kana kane ... akā, ua bravely hoomanawanui i ka hahau ana o ka hoʻopaʻi, a ho'āʻo e lanakila ma luna o ke ola o ka pilikia. He aha ua ka makakū ala o na hoku o ka Soviet hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni? E hoomanao i keia ninau i hou au mamuli.

Biographical 'ike

Emma Tsesarskaya i hānau i loko o ka Ukraine, ma Ekaterinoslavle (Dnepropetrovsk). Ua hiki June 3, 1909. Mai kamaliʻi, ke kaikamahine makemake e lilo i pianist kaulana. Akā, i ia mea he hoihoi nui i loko o ka "nui nō." Emma Tsesarskaya, Kawaihae a oiaio hewaʻiʻo kūikawā ka noonoo i kakahiaka nui me ka makahiki o ka umikumamaono nō, e hele i ka Soviet kapikala, e aʻo mai i ka mea hana keaka.

Hoahanau kokua ia ia me ke koho ana o ka hoʻonaʻauao kula, imi Film School Borisa Chaykovskogo, ke poo o ka mea, eia nae uaʻaʻole he hoʻokamakama mea kuhikuhi, akā, ua hiki ke aʻo i na malamalama o Soviet hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni, e like Nikolai Kutuzov a me Rice Esipova. I ka 1928, Emma Tsesarskaya lilo ana i ka puka o ka luna kulanui.

Ka mua hōʻike pelekikena a

Koke ma mua o ka pau ana o ka manaʻoe kūkulu he kula kaikamahine ua kono e komo 'ana i loko o ka ho film "Baba Ryazan', i i kuhikuhi e Ivan Pravov a me Olga Preobrazhenskaya. I loaʻa kekahi o na kumu nui pelekikena a. Emma Tsesarskaya E pāʻani i kekahi wahine kua'āina i ua puʻe wale akula kēlā e 'alo Domostroi a me koena o ka wa kahiko? Eia. Ua brilliantly Makuakane me ka hana ana o kekahi hana naʻaupō. Kēia i ukali ia e kekahi,''he hana Tsesarskaya. I ka 1929, ka luna hoʻokele Dmitry Poznan a me Alexander Shtrizhak-Steiner ua kūkākūkāʻia Emma Vladimirovna ke kūlana Bolshevik Paraskevi, lilo i ka Like Me nā kānaka i loko o ka First World War.

First Aksinia Soviet hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni

Ma ka hopena o 20-ies o ka nui Soviet kākau moʻolelo Mikhail Sholokhov finalizing "make ole" hana "noho malie kahe ka Don".

Kauoha e Ivan Pravov a me Olga Preobrazhenskaya, me ka manao i na manawa elua, ua hoʻoholo ihola e Film i ka puke kaulana. Ke kēpau kūlana o Aksinya i kono mea hana keaka Emma Tsesarskaya. Papa Inoa o Soviet Auana hoku kiʻiʻoniʻoni ho'ākea kiʻi o ka "noho malie kahe ka Don". Ua Ua e kali ana no ka maoli holomua. Ka mea hana keaka pâʻani i ke kiʻi o onaona a me ka temperamental Cossack. Nā kanaka mākaʻikaʻi hauʻoli e hele i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni e makaala "ka noho malie Don". Leaflet "Dailey Walker" (USA), palapala iho la i ka leo e pili ana Tsesarskaya: "O ka poe i makemake e ike i ka hiki ana mai lā, he ka hoʻololiʻana nui o ka puke, ka loea ke nanea i ka holoholona hihiu o ka hou 'ana o kēia maikai a me ka lei mea hana keaka i hiki e haʻaheo o ka pau aina."

Ka mea kākau o ka "noho malie kahe ka Don" ua lealea me ka degere kiʻekiʻe o ke akamai, a ua hōʻike Emma Vladimirovna ma ka huapalapala. Naʻe, ka mea e e hoʻomaopopo i ka manaʻoe kūkulu i na hoopai ana i ka loa noʻonoʻo loi ma na censors: alakaʻi i Film Classics, i hoʻokoe 'ia mai o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni Hui o Film He hana i. Ke ways ua noonoo ole :. "No ka mea hana o ka haʻahaʻa-bourgeois ho'āʻo iho au o ka Mea Nānā"

Ke ho film no ka lōʻihi manawa hōʻiliʻili i ka lepo ma luna o ka holopapa, a me wale i ka pilikino 'uao o Mikhail Sholokhov e rectify i ke kulana.

Ke heyday o ka 'oihana

Tsesarskaya Emma Vladimirovna ua kaulana kona kūlana me Aksinya ole wale no. Kona hiʻona Ua hoʻonui i ka hana i loko o ka ho film "Aʻoliʻoli" (I. nō kāu, O. Preobrazhenskaya, 1933), "ka Rise o ka lawaia" (M. Doller, E. Piscator, makahiki 1934). Soviet mahele i makemake i ke ala o ka wahine kāne make Vasilisa, alai ae "Babi kipi" i loko o ka ho film "Love, a Aloha" (A. Gendelshteyn, makahiki 1935). Movie kânaka mahalo ka wā e lohe ai: "Emma Tsesarskaya". Kona mau kiʻiʻoniʻoni Ua ho'āʻo loa i ka hala. Ma ka hapalua like-30s, iholaʻo ia i nā manawa a pau e e kapaia helu kekahi mea hana keaka i loko o ka USSR. O na filmmakers mahalo tālena puka manaʻoe kūkulu he kula B. Tchaikovsky, unconditionally e hoike ana ia ma luna o ke kiʻi ohia i loko o "The Brothers Karamazov."

Ka mea, i koʻu kiiiaʻe nei i wale i kona akamai a me ka tālena hiki loa hōʻike 'ana i ka pā like o ke ano o ka Classic hana. No kana hana i loko o ka ho film ka hoʻololiʻana o ka puke Fedora Dostoevskogo mea hana keaka Emma Tsesarskaya ka mea, ua i loaa i ka lula 'uku. Naʻe, i ka manaʻoe kūkulu he hoku i haʻakoi e haʻalele i kēia hana no ka "puʻe mai luna" ...

Ke Kai ma ka hoʻopaʻi

Ma ke kupulau o 1937 kekahi mea i hiki mai ai i radically hoʻololi i ke ola o ka mea hana keaka. "Chekists" ma lalo o hopu wahine Tsesarskaya - Maksa Stanislavskogo. He Ua hoouna mai ai i loko o ke pio, a me ka mea hana keaka i i ike i kekahi mea e pili ana i kona hopena. Wale i ka hopena o 50 ka Emma Vladimirovna haawiia ma palapala mai i i kāna kāne i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make i loko o ke kauwela o ka 37-ko ia aʻo. Ma hope o kona hopu ia ana, ho film hoku, ua lilo ko lakou mau wahi i noho ai, ka waiwai i confiscated, a hoomaka ae la kekahi hana naʻaupō 'oihana e hoole ia. Hoopau i ka hana i loko o ka ho film "ke kaikamahine o ka Motherland," ia i i lanakila. Hoʻokele Korsch-Sablin i, e nana aku i ka hope. Lōʻihi mahina o koi, e noho i loko o ka "paia eha" mea hana keaka Emma Tsesarskaya imi i wahi, ka wā i lohe ai kapuwaʻi ma luna o ka staircase, mentally makaukau no ka mea i ka mea, i hele mai i ona lā.

Ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau āna i hoohihiaia ma ka hopena o kana keiki, ka mea e huli hoʻokahi makahiki. Ke kahua ua aneane Ka Ho 'Oponopono.

Kōkua i kekahi mea kākau nui

E Makuakane me ke ola o ka pilikia mea hana keaka i kokua mai ia mea kākau Mikhail Sholokhov, a ka Soviet aupuni nui ia. Wale nō i ka piʻiʻana o ka mea kākau o ka "noho malie kahe ka Don" ho'ōla Emma Vladimirovna: ua hoi aku la i ka hale, a hāʻawi i kekahi manawa, e hoʻomau i ka manaʻoe kūkulu he 'oihana. I ka 1939, ma Soviet pale mai i ka manaʻoe kūkulu he "Ka Girl me ke ano", kuhikuhi Konstantinom Yudinym. It Tsesarskaya pâʻani 'o ka wahine o ka luna koa. Ma mua o filming ka mea kuhikuhi noi timidly: "Emma, makaukau e pana i oe?" A o ka mai ua maikaʻi. I ka mālama '-kaua Film Tsesarskaya pinepine hilinaʻiʻole i nā kiʻi o kaʻoliʻoli a me ka ikaika-Ke makemake nei anei heroines, akā, e hoʻohālike i ka mea hana keaka i ole maʻalahi. Ua Ua ike ia iho Emma Vladimirovna. "I ho'āʻo ai i ka hana oolea, e hone i kona hanaʻiʻo akula nō talena, akā, no ka mea, iaʻu i ole emi nui ia e hiki ke lawe mai, a hoʻonaʻauao i kana keiki", - ia 'oia.

Trees ma hope o ka kaua

Back i ka makahiki 1944, Emma V. hui i ka troupe o ka ho film Mea Keaka Studio Kino. Ma keia luakini o Melpomeneʻo ia i mālama a hiki i 1963. Ma hope o ke kaua, ua kākaʻikahiʻikeʻia ma luna o ka 'ia paha, e loaa ana mai o nā alakaʻi kaumaha aku i ka pāʻani kākoʻo mau manamana.

I ka makahiki 50 Tsesarskaya Nānā Mea hoomanao i ka manaʻoe kūkulu A. Rowe "May Night, a me ka poho iho la lakou kaikamahine", ma i ke kūlana o ke kaikuahine-i loko o kona loaʻa. Naʻe, i ka makemake e pāʻani hou Aksinya ma Sergeya Gerasimova hoike ua, Eia naʻe, makahiki i kona uku, a me ka mea kuhikuhi hōʻalo no E. Bystritskaya.

Ma ka 60th Tsesarskaya hoomalamalama mai i na Film me "Nahalenok" (E. Karelia, i ke kiʻi o ka wahine a ke kahuna o), "E lele Year" (A. Efros), "e hiamoe ana Lion" (A. Faintsimmer). Ka Mea Keaka kaulana a me ka mea kuhikuhi Yevgeny Morgunov, pana i ka pōkole Auana "A lohe o Cossacks E kāhea", kono i ka puka manaʻoe kūkulu he kula B. Tchaikovsky no ka kēpau kūlana o Darya, a me ka mea hana keaka hoʻokani lealea ana, a me ka talena, hoʻolimalima i rave hōʻike manaʻo mai o ka lehulehu.

E hoʻomaka ana, mai ka lua o ka hapalua o na 60s, ua hiki ke kamailio e pili ana i ka hopena o ka manaʻoe kūkulu he 'oihana o Emma Vladimirovna Tsesarskaya.

ka hopena

Ua make ma Pepeluali 28, 1990. Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i ka mea hana keaka i loko o ka pauku mua o ka Don ilina o ke kulanakauhale alii.

Ma ka hoʻolewaʻana, hoa i loko o ka ho film "ke Girl me ke ano" Mea Keaka Michael Gluzsky mai la: "Tsesarskaya Emma Vladimirovna ua he kupanaha mea hana keaka a me ka onaona wahine. Ka mea e lilo ai no mākou a pau i priceless kea laa, Soviet-au hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni 20-40-ies. "