Nā mea olahana kani - pehea ka pilikia maoli?

A pau e ola ana a me nā mea ola 'ano ma ka Honua ua paku ole ia i radioactive pāhawewe i kona ola holoʻokoʻa. He mea hiki'ole ke pale i kēia.

Hiki i nā mea olahana ke kino ma loko o ke kino a ma waho aku -'o ka mea nui kēia i ke alo o kahi kūlohelohe,'o ia ho'i nā isotopes o ke kumu maoli. Aia lākou ma nā pūpū o ka honua: lalo, ma ka lepo, i ka wai, i ka lewa.

Hiki ke ho'oka'awale'ia nā mea kani honua i'ekolu mau hui nui:

1. Isotopes i hana'ia mai ka uranium 232, kauma 232, a me actinuranium 235.
2. Nā mea'enehana Radioactive o ka potassium 40, calcium 48, rubidium 87 a'o nā mea'ē a'e'a'ole pili pili pili i ka hui mua.
3. 'O nā isotopes i ho'okumu'ia i ka wā o nā ho'ohoiho kauala e holo mau nei ma ka Honua no ka hana o nā kukui āpau (e like me ka carbon 14 a me ke tritium 3).

I ka manawa, ua māhele'ia kēia mau mea i ka radioactive. 'O nā isotopes-long-livers, e noho nei i loko o ka pūnoa maoli o nā māmā, no ka mea maoli. Kā lākou hapalua-ola papa koa, mai kekahi haneri a hiki i ke tausani makahiki.

Ho'opa'a'ia ka radioactivity artificial no ka hopena o nā ho'ouka kaua'ana i ho'oku'u'ia e ke kanaka. No ka laʻana, ma ka nukelea Naita me ia hua mai la ma kahi o 250 isotopes, o ka i 225 i radioactive. Mau isotopes i hoʻomaka ai i ka hopena o nukelea fission o ka ai-kapaia "kaumaha" eiiiiiaiou, a me kā lākou mahope palaho huahana. 'O ka hana o kahi meahana kanihana ma muli o ka helu o nā nuclei e hā'ule ana ma kahi o kekahi manawa. Ho'onui'ia ka nuclei,'oi aku ka'oihana'oi aku.

'O ka hopena pilikia o ka pākīkī radioactive no nā meaola ola e hāpai'ia e nā radionuclup toxic (Ra 226, Th 228, Pb 21, Ru 106, Na 22, Sr 89, a me nā mea'ē a'e), e komo pū ana me nā nuclei ka'awale'ole o nā mana plutonium a me nā uranium - 'O kahi o ka pahu kukui,'a'ole i komo i loko o ka ho'ouka'o'ole'a.

Ua hiki i ke kanaka ke hana i nā haneli a'oi a'e ma mua o'elua haneli a'ike'ia e ho'ohana i ka ikehu atomene no nā kumu like'ole, he maluhia a'a'ole nui. No laila, ka ho'ohana'ia'ana o ka ikehu o ka ho'ohuhi'ia'ana o ka'elepona i ka lā'au lapa'au, ka mea kaua, e'imi i nā waiho'ana o nā mineral a me ka hana'ana i ka ikehu'ole. Pela i mahuahua ka huina mahele lāʻau o ka pāhawewe i ka Honua i ka poʻe e noho ana.

'O ka hapanui pinepine, komo nā mea kani kani i ke kino kanaka me ka'ai, ka wai a me ka ea. 'O ka nui a me ka ino o ka hō'ailona'ana i ka mea'ai e ho'oholo'ia e ka hopena o ka ho'ouka'ana i kūkulu'ia ma kēia māhele.

Ho'oiho nā lā'au i ka pāhawewe'ana mai ka lepo wale nō, akā, mai ka'ale'a maoli nō. 'O ka huina kālā nui i hō'ili'ili'ia i loko o ke kāpena a me nā pīpī, a'o ka li'ili'i loa o nā mea a pau i loko o ka mau'u ma'amau.

'O ka ho'oma'ema'e'ana a me ka mālama'ana i nā mea kanu ma'amau i ka nui o ka hahawewe i loko o ia mau mea. Eia kekahi la'ana, i ka ho'oma'ema'e'ana i ka'aila a me ka beets, ua hiki i ka 40% o nā radionuclides, a i ka wā e'oki ai - kekahi 10-15%. I ka wā e kuke ai i ka'i'o holoholona, ua lilo nā mea laula'au i decoction (mai 20% a 50%).

No ka emi'ana o ka helu o ka radionuclides i nā hua kulū, ua ho'okae maika'i'ia lākou i nā mea momona a me nā kinona.

He aha ka pilikia o ke kalakili radioactive?

'O ka mea mua,'o nā kau li'ili'i paha e hiki ke ho'one'e i ke kaulahao i loko o ke kino e hiki ai i nā kino'ole o ke kino a i'ole ke kanesa. 'O ka ho'oulu'ana ma nā pā nui e ho'opau i nā pūnaewele a me nā kino, e make ai ke kino. Ma ke kelepona pūnaewele, ua hō'ino'ia ka mechanical o ka pu'upu'u pū me kona mau mea pono ka chromosomal, ua kāohi'ia nā hana o ka ho'ololi hou'ana me ka ho'ohou hou'ana o nā'ili.

'O nā mea lā'au ho'oweliweli nui loa e hana ana i ka iwi o ka iwi, ka thyroid, ka huelo wahine a me ke kui -'o ia ho'i, ma luna o kēlā mau'ano e makemake ana e ho'omau hou i nā pūnaewele a me nā mea kino.