Ottomans. ʻana Turkish sultans

No ka mea, a pau i ka nui haneri o ka makahiki, a ma ia manawa i ke kahua a me ka hoʻomohala o ko mākou aupuni mau ana i na ohana e noho ana i loko o ka mea manawa Tureke, he kanana nei. Ka ikaika loa ia nei hoa paio, he mau Ottomans, he mamo aliʻi i rula no ka Ottoman aupuni a pau no na makahiki.

Hea maila lākou i hele mai?

E like ma ka waena o ka mua Ka Wā Kaukani AD, i ka hoʻomaka o ka Neʻekau nui, ma Asia Minor he ka mua poeikohoia o ka Turkic-olelo ana ohana. Akā, i loko o ke au o Byzantine mana a me ka ikaika, i ka wa a ke kikowaena aupuni ua nō ikaika, ka mea ana assimilated a me ka wahi keiki ma luna o ka mōʻaukala o ka wahi ua i ae nei. Ua hele aku ia no aneane he tausani makahiki. Ma ka manawa o ka Byzantine aupuni a ua māhunehune hiki ke pale aku i ka ikaika ino o ka Arabia, a no ia mea, hiki ole ka pono ke ku imua o na hoao ana o waho intrusion.

I ka Ia manawa, 'oni iki ka Seljuks lākou kapikala i ke Keena Kalaiaina o Anatolia, i i aia i loko o ka wahi koke o ka aina Byzantine. Hiki ana mai o ka Oghuz o Tureke, Helene, Armenians a me ko Peresia, i loko o ka kēia mau makahiki i hoomaka ai i ke kahua o ka o Tureke, a ua ike no i keia la. Akā, i kēia kaʻina ua loa manawa-e hoopau ana a me ka pilikia, e like me ia ma kela mau wahi o ka wa kahiko ka home i na mea he nui nationalities, he nui o ka mea au Karistiano.

Kauai - ole o Tureke

O ka helehelena o ka helu nui o Kauai, ka poe i mua hooia Hoʻomana Mohameka, fundamentally ke kahua i ole loli. Ironically, akā, no nā haneri o ka makahiki elele o ka hoomana ana, e mau peacefully coexist i kekahi i kekahi, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka mea, i na o Tureke ku kula kiʻekiʻe 'oihana o ke aupuni.

A no ka mea, "o Kauai", i hope huli i loko o ka Tureke, e lilo ia i'ō aku, e kapa aku i kekahi "kāna mau 'ōlelo" o ka hui, ana a pau i ke koena o ka heluna kanaka i loko o kēia lāhui pae mua lakou mea e hana ai. No nā mea a pau e noho ana i ka Ottomans, he mamo aliʻi a laila, noho aliʻi no kekahi mau kenekulia?

Education Ottoman Sultanate

I ka läÿau, Hoʻomana Mohameka a kahiko tribal 'ole o Tureke lakou ia lakou iho i hoʻoholo ma mua ano i ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo Sultanate. E like me ka hopena - he nawaliwali iwaena konu, hoʻi iā ole wale ke alii akā, i ka bureaucratic i hoʻomākaukauʻia. Ma ka mea, ma ke alanui, pâʻani 'o ia i ka nui a Mānoa ole o Tureke, akā, i ka ia i ka poe Helene a me ka Armenians. Outlying'āina Ua hoomaluia e ka "pio e Institute", he kūlana i hoʻokani influential bey. Alaila, o ka "District" Ua kapaia beylik. Kekahi, a haʻalele i ka Ottomans. hoomaka kā lākou mamo aliʻi me ka maopopo hihio alii.

Up i ana i ka pono, keia kahua hiki ole ia ke hoopaa. Ultimately, ia mea bey hoomaka ae la e alii ai maluna o ka aina, e lawe ka lanakila o ka nui pukapuka o kona poe hoahanau ma ka pā hale. Ma ke kenekulia 13th ka mōʻaukala o ka wā e hiki mai ana o Tureke i mau ua aneane ma: mua kipi Shiite keia kumu, a laila, ua i ke kaua o ka Mongols. Suletana make. Beylik ua no hoi ma ka pilikia ... Ina mea a pau i Osman Bey.

I ka 1299, lilo 'o ia i ka luna o kona mau moku'āina, no ka mea, e hoolohe mai ia ia, ma ka a me ka nui, ka mea, ua i kekahi. Ua i ka mea nana i ka mōʻaukala huahelu, mai a hele aku i ka hope Ottoman sultans.

Kaʻaluna Byzantine panalāʻau

Osman ua loa laki: promongolskogo State oaio ua mamao aku, akā, he palupalu, a decrepit Byzantium - kokoke. He i nā hoomaka ae la e paʻa ia i ka aina o ka aina, maalo ae la oia e kuai aku i kekahi hapa o ka loot o Mongol'apuhiʻana. Bey sharper mau hope e hoomau ana i ka holomua kulekele: mua, ka mea, eia ka mea hope "huki mai" no lakou iho a pau o Asia Minor, a laila, e iho mai, a me ka Balkans.

I ka 1396, ua hiki i ka uhai i ka 'amelika poʻe kaua o ka Crusaders ka o Tureke, a i ka 1400 a hiki aku la i hoouka Constantinople. I mua ka mea, i ole loaa ia oe, akā, no ka Byzantine lā kahiko i hope i heluʻia. I ka 1453 Constantinople, i ka lua o ka hoao i aka ia, a pau ka mokuna, a me ka Balkans, Mahope hele mai ma lalo o Ottoman mana.

Road i ka hikina

I ka 1475 Krymskoe Hanstvo i kokua mai pio e ana o ka Ottoman aupuni a pau. Ma hope o ia, o ka mea nui wale kalepa? Ooia e noho ana i loko o ka lima o ka mea o Tureke, mea hiki ole e lawe lanakila. I ka 1514, ka hoʻoikaika aupuni a pau e hoʻokele i eo ai i ka poe kaua o Safavid Iran. Ma hope o ia, i ka'āina i loaʻa noa komo i ka ¶ʻO'Araba Hikina, a, oi importantly, dramatically xi iho ?? eoi? Ee. Ua i ka 1516 o ka Kauai loa kūlana 'i ka pau ana o Suria, a haehae no hoi ia. Ottoman sultans "i ka lio," i loko o ka literal a me ka figurative ano.

Pono o ka makahiki ma hope ka mea, ua kaua akula Aigupita, hele loa hoopau loa ia ka mana o ke caliphs. Ka hope ua huli mai no laila, pono i ka Turkish Suletana lilo kokoke i ka oihana hope a hiki i ka hope Caliph, i 'ae' ia loa pale aku i ka inevitable i loko o keia kulana, mana paio a me ka kivila kaua. Ma rula, a hiki i ole ia Suletana makemake nō ikaika loaa "electorate", like me nā mea a pau nā makahiki, ka Ottoman aupuni a ulu koke ulu waiwai, e paʻa pono me ka lanakila kanaka, a no ia mea, makemake e hana manawaleʻa, e hui i ka pae i nalowale.

Ulia ua manaoia pilikia, no ka mea, i loko o kekahi mau makahiki he uuku Beysky panalaau i Ua hiki ke hooiaio i ke ola ana o ke akamai na'lii, e alakai i kūʻokoʻa a me ke kani kūkulu 'ia. Ka mea, ua ka Ottomans, he mamo aliʻi a i loaʻa poʻokela successes, Tureke i kūkuluʻia ma luna o ka luna o kona nui. Mua Turkishʻaʻahu ihola hoʻonui, a hooikaika aku ai i hoomaka ai i ko ma ka nui hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ka pau ana o' Eulopa, a me ka Russian aupuni a pau.

Eia hou, na Kauai haʻalele i ke ao nei holomua moʻomeheu, he nui specimens no a hiki i kēia lā nō i ka haaheo o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha a puni ka honua. Akā, e noho ana i ka Ottoman sultans? Papa Inoa o ka poe alii i loko o kēia 'atikala ka loa lākou papa hiki ole haawi (ia mea, he nui), akā, me ka walaʻauʻana manaʻo o ka haawi ana ia lakou.

Ka loa nui Ottoman sultans

O ka holo ana, ua hiki ole e noho ana ma luna o ke kanaka Osman I Gazi. He ua i ka luna o ka uuku aina o ka Turkish Sultanate, e ala hope i ka luna o ka kūʻokoʻa moku'āina. Wai i aku la, keia kanaka?

Hânau 'ia i ka 1258, make iho la ia i ka 1324 (e like me kaʻoihana aliʻi). Kona wā noʻonoʻo ia i "koa a me ka ikaika-Ke makemake nei anei kanaka" i uluhia e "barbaric, akā,ʻano o ka maikaʻi." Au ua ma luna o ka noho aliʻi mai ka 1281. He Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o Bursa, o kona halelua lilo i ka piko o ka noho malihini no ka mea pono Nā Poʻe Isalama a pau o ia manawa. A pau i ka Turkish na'lii, ka hana 'ana ma ka pono o ke aupuni, i hoʻopuka ai'ōlelo o ka hoʻohikiʻana ... i i kikeke ana mai i loko o ka hale kupapau mua o Osman, e hana me ka epitaph. No laila, i ka Ottoman sultans ma ka mea ...

Suletana Orhan

Makahiki o ke ola - mai ka 1281 a hiki i 1360. He ua i ke keiki kāne muli loa a Osman. Pau i ka hopu ana o Asia Minor, i hoʻokumu i ka poe koa regular (mau Janissaries), hoomaka ae la ka mua Ottoman na'lii i deliberate naʻi oʻEulopa. Orhan He He kanaka i koiia ka Kauai kahua o ko lākou mau lāhui pae.

Suletana Murad II

Ke kanaka me ke ole emi huali ma mua o kona illustrious, hoʻokomo. He noho i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1403 e 1451. E hoʻoikaika i ka moku'āina o ka Ottomans, rigidly uhi pū i ka mea maloko turmoil a me ka kivila hakakā. I loko nō o kona noho alii ana, Pope Eugene V hea aku ma luna o ka poe Kristiano a pau a hiki i ka aʻe crusade. Ke absurdity o ka pilikia ua i Murad i ole he enemi o ke Karistiano i loko o kona aupuni e noho pu mau 'aoʻao hoʻomana, kana wahine i ke kaikamahine a ke Serbian alii, noa e hōʻoia aku Kristiano.

Heʻae i ka noho lakou malaila olelo o ka berita, i ka i manaoia e ka Waikikana. Crusaders hoailonaia i kona hoohiki ana ma ka euanelio, a oia - ma ka Koran. Akā, koke ka papal legate wāwahi lākou'ōlelo. Aia i kekahi kaua o Varna. Uaʻulupā nā Crusaders, a me nā Kauai loaa i ka pololei ala hele i ka aina o Hawaiian Eulopa. Owai ka mea'ē aʻe Ottoman sultans, ka chronology o ka papa i ua ike ia ma ka 'aoʻao o ko mākou pepa.

Suletana Suleiman I Kanuni

I ka inoa o keia kanakaʻiʻo ike i ka mea nana e mea hoihoi i loko o ka TV hopena ua "nani Luna". He noho i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1495 a hiki i 1566. Ua Ua kapaʻiaʻo ia "ka Nui", "nui", "ka 'Aha'ōlelo." Paha, ka mea, ua i ka polokalamu i loko o ka moʻo o ka wanaʻao Ottomans, maoli e pono o kēiaʻohana nani. Inā Tureke maoli ka mea, i noho ai kona piko flowering, a me ka wā kana poe mamo i hoomaka ai ka'opi a me ia'na o ke aupuni a pau. Mākou ke i aku nei au i ke aliʻi o ka Ottomans ma Suleiman ka nani hoʻomaka 'ana e mae, no ka mea, me he pono mamo ka mea, ua hiki ole ke hoala mai.

He hoʻonui i kona aupuni a no laila, i ka mea i ka maka o ka pilikia o Gibraltar. Moe ana o ka hahai ana i loko o nā kapuwaʻi o Makedonia, a hui pu iho la i ke ao nei a pau ma lalo o ka'ēheu o kona aupuni, oia kana a he hailona no nā mea hoʻololi, noho i pololei ia a hiki i ka 20th kenekulia.

Mōʻaukala ua no hoi, hoopaa mai la i kona aloha no ka haku wahine Roksolana, a hiki lilo i kauoha aku i kana wahine. Kēia hiki i loaʻa mai i kekahi'ē aʻe haiawahine i loko o ka makahiki mua elua o makou haneri. I na makahiki hope o kona ola alakai aku la oia i ke kai eʻe ma luna o Hungary, akā, ka lanakila i i ola. Kona make ana i huna a laila, a hiki i ka noho aliʻi ua i pii Suletana Selim. He ua i ke keiki a Suleiman a me Roxelana. Uaʻona a me ka weakling, hoomaka ae la oia i ka'opi o ke aupuni a pau. Owai ka mea'ē aʻe Ottoman (Turkish sultansʻana)?

Suletana Murad IV

Life Nam - 1612-1640 GG. Na rula no 17 makahiki, "kaulana" e like me ke koko dictator. Akā, ua i kona aupuni a me ka maikaʻi i nā hualoaʻa - Murad ua hiki ke hoʻopau i ka ulu i ka'opi o ka poe koa, a me ka arbitrariness o na viziers ia. Pepehi pono no ka pono o ka pepehi, oia ua hiki ia hoʻi i ka pā hale o ka hoopai ... hoi ua nalowale ma ka manawa o ka Erivan a me Baghdad, akā,ʻai i ka hua o ka lanakila mua o ko Hawaiʻi moku. Ka mea, ua unusually sane, a me ka hoʻoponopono '-noho pilikia kanaka, akā, ma luna o kona i kēlā moe make kauoha iʻumi waleʻia kona kaikaina Ibrahim. I ua i ka hope hooilina i ka Ottomans i loko o ke kane laina, akā, ...

He Ua hoolaia e kona makuwahine. Ibrahim alii iho la oia 1640-1648 makahiki. A nawaliwali aliʻi, headstrong a me ka loa kuko kanaka: haiā wahine no ka mea, hopu iho la i ke ahiahi, i loko o hoʻokiwikā bato ke komo iloko. Pinepine huli mai nani na wahine a me na kaikamahine o ka koʻikoʻi poe kanaka a me nā luna ma ka hale aliʻi, ua e pana aku au i ka nunui nui ma luna o ka hooponopono ana o na hihia ... Ma ka hopena, i ka clergy kiʻekiʻe, a me nā janissaries a pau mōkākī mahope luhi, hoi, "e aloha" i ke aliʻi wale umi i. He aha e noho ana i ke koena o ka Ottoman sultans, i ka noho alii ana i ia i ka napoo ana o ka hope loa o ke aupuni a hookahi nui?

Suletana Mahmoud II

He noho i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1784 a hiki i 1839. Me ka manao pono au ua mahaloia Petra Velikogo, a i moe ai o lilo i ka reformer nani popopo, a rickety Ottoman aupuni a pau. Created kila, uku nui noonoo e typography, hoolaha nupepa a pau hooponoiaʻaneʻane ka holoʻokoʻa moku'āina nakeke. Akā, i hana i keia Hawaiʻi moku: na keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka moku'āina disintegration i Ua unstoppable. He ua ikeia ma ka mea noi i ke kōkua ma Rotehama I, ka wā ka mea, ua pono, e uhi i ka uprising i loko oʻAigupita'āina.

Ma ka hapanui o ka Lūkini kaua i na olelo la o Constantinople hoʻi i ka puʻuwai o ka Orthodox Ekalesia, a "technically" e mea hiki. Akā, ma Rotehama au i makemake ole i ka waiwai pio launa me Beritania a me Farani, a me ka nāwaliwali Tureke, ua nui aku i kūlike i Aigupita, ke kälailai '. Mahmoud no hoi oia ia ia iho i ole e noho lōʻihi ma luna o ka 54th makahiki o kona ola ana, make iho la ia, aʻaʻole e waiho ana i ka aʻe binge.

Noho ma laila i loko o mākou manawa o ka Ottomans? ʻana i loko o ko makou manawa, ua hiki ke i aku nei au,ʻaʻole i ka malamaia. Pololei no ka hooilina ole, wale no ke kaawale ana mamo e noho ana i loko o Tureke a meʻEulopa.