Pehea e imi i ka ili honua kahi o ke kupa?

Ke kupa i ka helu o ka hoihoi 'makemakika waiwai, a ua ike ia kanaka mai ka wa kahiko. Me ka Poeikohoia o kekahi o ka mea kahiko Greek kula o ka manaʻo i kula haʻahaʻaa (particles) (nā'ātoma) i e i ka honua, i ke kinona o ka kupa, a me ka mysticism a me esoteric i hoomana aku i kēia aka. I kēia mau lā 'elele parascience aie kupa mea kupaianaha ikehu waiwai.

Kupa - ka mea, 'o ka hemolele kii, kekahi o ka elima Platonic puaʻa hiwa. Platonic kino - ia pono nunui-faceted huahelu, satisfying ekolu ana:

1. a pau kona kihi a me nā maka e like.

2. ka pana pua ma waena o nā facets i (ma pana pua ma waena o ke kupa maka e like me ka 90 degere).

3. O na huahelu hai aku i ka luna ili o ka poepoe circumscribed a puni ia.

Ke mau dala o kēia mau huahelu kapaia Greek mathematician Theaetetus o Atenai, a me ka haumāna o Plato, Euclid i loko o ka puke 13th o ka hoʻomaka haawi aku ia i ka piha makemakika hōʻikeʻano.

Ke kahiko Helene i prone i ka hoʻohana laupaʻi aiaiiuo e wehewehe i ka 'ole o ko mākou honua, pili i ka Platonic puaʻa hiwa hohonu sacral manaʻo. Ka mea, i manaoio i kela a me keia o na huahelu ho i ka hoʻomaka o ka paʻa: tetrahedron - ahi kupa - honua, octahedron - ea icosahedron - wai dodecahedron - Etera wale no. ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma laulā a puni ia symbolized ike lea ana, kilokilo.

No laila, he kupa, i kapaʻia he hexahedron (mai ka olelo Helene, o "hex" -. 6), - he ekolu-dimensional regular geometric shape. Ua ua i kapa regular quadrangular prism a he mau huinahń parallelepiped.

A kupa eono maka, heʻumikumamālua nā lua nāna, a ewalu vertices. Ma keia huahelu, e hiki ke komo'ē aʻe regular polyhedra: tetrahedron (tetrahedron me ka lua penei i loko o ka palapala o triangle mauna), ka octahedron (octahedron) a me ka icosahedron (icosahedron).

Kupa diagonal ua kapaia ka Hoʻohana ai pili aku i ka mau symmetrical pili i ka luna iwaena konu. Ike i ke kupa maka lōʻihi o kekahi, e hiki ke 'imi i ka lōʻihi o diagonal V: V = he ^3.

Ma ke kupa, like kūkā mai luna, hiki ke kakauia poepoe, o ka ke kahahńnai o ka kākauʻia poepoe (denoted R) Ua like no ka hapalua o ke kaʻe lōʻihi: R = (1/2) kekahi.

Inā ka laulā o ke kupa i ho'ākāka 'ia a puni, i ke kahahńnai o ka poepoe (denoted R) ua like ia: R = (3/2) he.

Muli o kona kulana, he pono ole i ka pilikia kula o ka ninau: pehea e ho omaulia i ka wahi i ka ili o ke kupa? Loa oluolu, e visualize he kupa. I ka ili o ke kupa i eono mau maka ma ka palapala o ka mika pāhoʻonui lua. Nolaila, ma ka mea e imi i ka ili honua kahi o ke kupa, ia mea mua e pono e huli i ka wahi o kekahi o na maka, a, e hoomahuahua i ko lakou helu: S _N = ^{2 6a.}

E like me mākou i loaʻa i kaʻilikai kahi o ke kupa, e huli i ka wahi o kona kīloi paʻewa maka: S _e = 4a ^2.

Mai keia haʻilula ka mea, ua ike i ka mea e ku pono ana maka elua o ke kupa - he kumu, a me ka mea 'ē aʻe eha -ʻaoʻao ili honua.

E huli i kaʻilikai kahi o ke kupa hiki e kekahi ala. Ua haawiia i ka mea i ke kupa - he cuboid, e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka manaʻo o nā māhele Ana ekolu. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ke kupa, me he ekolu-dimensional huahelu i 3 kiko'î: loa (i) a me ka laula (b) a kiekie (c).

E ho ohana i kēia mau mea kiko'î a, ua ho omaulia ana i ka huina ili kahi o ke kupa: S _N = 2 (ab + AC + BC).

No ka ho omaulia i ka wahi o kaʻaoʻao ili o ke kupa, i ke anapuni o ka waihona ipu, e e hoonuiia e ka kiʻekiʻe: S _b. = 2c (i + b).

I ka buke o ke kupa - o ka huina hoonui o ka ekolu eiiiiiaiou - ke kiʻekiʻe, laula a me ka lōʻihi:
V = ABC a ekolu e pili lua penei: V = he ^3.