Pharmacopoeia - He aha ka keia? Pharmacopoeia: hōʻikeʻano, mōʻaukala, maʻiʻo

He aha ka na pharmacopoeia? Inā e hoʻomaka, mai kahi loihi aku, a laila, he oiaio no kela kanaka keia kanaka ma ka liʻiliʻi koke mai ai i na kumu kahu ai, e hoomanao ai na mea he nui ai ', i kā lākou laʻau heluna, Nine Inch haku mele' ana a me kaʻano papa hana o ka hana. Ma keia mea, e kōkua ma manuals lehulehu a me ka compendiums, na ka mea ike. Akā, me nā kākau, ma ka huli, ua hooeueuia lakou e ka pharmacopoeia. A aha ka ia?

ka wehewehena

Pharmacopeia - he ohi o nā palapala kūhelu, a kau mai i ka puke maʻamau, o ka pono o ka lāʻau lapaʻau maka mea, kākoʻo mea, pau mea lāʻau lapaʻau huahana a me ka 'ē aʻe ai' ia ma ka laau lapaau.

E hookupaa i ke "gula hae",ʻo akamai i loko o ke kahua o ke kemika a me ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau Ka Ikepili, mālama 'ia i loko o randomly hoʻonohonoho' kaulua-makapo hoi malalo o na hoao ana, e loaʻa mai nā mea a pau loa e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maka mea a me na laau mai o ia. Manaʻo o nā ana hoʻohālike o e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka pono o ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau huahana.

State Pharmacopoeia - he pharmacopoeia 'aelike i paʻa, a i mea ma lalo o ka moku'āina hooponopono. Ke koi a me nā koi i mai malaila, e paa ma luna o nā kulanui o ke aupuni, hana i loko o ka hana, papaa, kuai a me ka pono o ka ai '. No ka 'aʻe' ana o na rula hookuu aku la i loko o ka palapala, loio i ole maoli kanaka huli karaima aie.

I ka moolelo o ka lahui pharmacopoeia

Manaʻo ma luna o ka paa ana o ka pono ka papa inoa o ka ai 'me ka PAaIEN o dosages a ana hōʻike nomenclatureʻikeʻia i loko o ka' epekema 'inikua kaiāulu i loko o ka hopena o ke kenekulia umikumamaiwa, ma ka 1874. Ua kaʻaha kūkā mua ma luna o ke kumuhana e paa ana ia i loko o Palukela i ka 1092. Ma ka mea, ua hele mai akamai i ka 'aelike ma na inoa no ka ai', a me ke kinona o ko lākou mau māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana i loko o ka ideas. Loko o eha makahiki, i kēia 'aelike i ua apono ia e ka iwakālua o ka'āina. Kēia pomaikai o ka ho omaka no ka hou 'ana o ka pharmacopeia a me kona puke. He iwakālua nā makahiki ma hope, i ka lua o ka hālāwai kūkā ma Palukela, i i mālamaʻia e ka poeikohoia o kanaha-kekahi'āina o ko ke ao nei.

Mai ia manawa koke nō i mālama e pili ana i ka puke a me ka hou ana o ka pharmacopoeia ua hoʻoneʻe ai i ka o ke Kuʻikahi o Nations. I ka manawa o ka aelike kumu galenic e hoomakaukau ai a me nā māhele 77 o ai 'komo i loko o ka compendium. Ma hope o kekahi makahiki heʻumikumamālua, i ka 1937, ka mea i hoʻokumu 'ia e ke Komite o ka poe akamai, mai Pelekiuma, Denmark, France, Kuikilana, ke USA, ka Netherlands, a me ka UK poe i familiarized me na olelo a pau o ka pharmacopoeia, a hoʻoholo, e hohola aku ia i ka lahui mea kani.

Na Mahele World War keʻakeʻa i ka hana o ke Komisina, akā, ma ka makahiki 1947,, o ka poe akamai i hoi aku la i kona mau hana. No ka mea he kanalima-iwa o ka makahiki i kapaia ke Komisina Expert Komite no na hoakaka no ka mea lāʻau lapaʻau hoomakaukau. Ma kekahi o ka MEA ke anaina kanaka, ka mea i hoʻoholo i ka hana i ka polokalamu o International Nonproprietary Names no ka unification o ka laulā o nā lāʻau.

mua Edition

Pharmacopoeia - he lahui palapala, a i mua i eha Pai ia, a ma hope o kēlā me kēia kekahi lalau aku la ia i kekahi mea hou.

Ke Edition mua i apono ia ma ka kolu World Ahaolelo o MEA. Mālama Secretariat o ka International Pharmacopoeia i ua hoʻokumu. Ka puke i paʻiʻia ma ka 1951, a me ka eha makahiki ma hope i paʻi i ka lua o ka leo me ka lewa no ka mea, he pono oleʻEulopa ōlelo ekolu: English, Palani a me ka Paniolo. Ma hope o ka pōkole wā o ka manawa, he mau paʻi puke ma Kelemānia a me ka Japanese. Ka mua pharmacopoeia - i ka ohi ana i palapala normative ma luna o nā mea a pau i ike i ka manawa hoomakaukau. oia:

• 344 'atikala ma ka lāʻau' ona;
• 183 'atikala laʻau heluna ano (na papa, capsules, tinctures, pāʻoihana ma ampoule);
• 84 keʻena hoʻokolohua hana o kaʻike,.

Headlines he ma Roma, no ka mea, ua ka ia no ka 'inikua alanui a pau, e hoʻohuli i i ka hana. E ohi i ka mea e pono ai ikepili ma liluwelo kūlanaʻano akamai i ohana, e like me puka hoʻomalu i loko o ka loa endemic a me ka pilikia maʻi.

Mahope a paʻi o ka International Pharmacopoeia

Ka lua o Edition ikea i ka makahiki 1967. Ua Ua hoolaa i ka mea e like ai ke kāohi o nā mea lāʻau lapaʻau huahana. Eia hou, ka mea, ua noʻonoʻo i ka mua paiia o ka pilikia, a i hoʻohuiʻia 162 lāʻau.

Ke kolu o ka paiia o ka pharmacopoeia i ua hoʻomōhala i ulu'āina. Ua Ua hoʻouna 'ana i ka papa inoa o ka waiwai, a i hoʻomano hoʻohana i ola malama, a ma ka mea ia manawa i ka kŘpa a haʻahaʻa kāki. Ua paiia he elima puke, a ua hookuu ia i ka 1975. Nā loli i ka palapala i hana i ka 2008 wale. Kēia e pili pū ana kūlanaʻano o ka laau lapaau, keʻano o ka hanaʻana no kā lākou hana a me ka haawi aku.

Kahi o ka pharmacopoeia

Pharmacopeia - he puke i hiehie ole wale i ka laulā o ka ai ', akā, i nā lula no kā lākou hana, a me ka pūnaewele kekahi mau mea i manao ai. Kēia puke he i ka hōʻike o ka Nine Inch, kino ai a me ka liluwelo epekema no ka Ikepili o ka ai '. Eia hou, inā loaʻa 'ike ma luna o nā reagents a me nā hoailona, lāʻau' ona a me ka hoʻomākaukau.

Ua huki mai MEA Komite papa inoa o na nahesa niho (List A) a me ka paakiki ai '(List B), e like me ka pono me ka papaʻaina o kā mākou hookahi a me kela la i keia nā māhele o ka ai'.

Europa Pharmacopoeia

Europa Pharmacopoeia - he normative palapala, i ka mea i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hapanuiʻEulopa'āina i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie kaʻina hana o nā mea lāʻau lapaʻau huahana ma ka par me ka International Pharmacopoeia, kona kumukanawai a e kālele ana ma luna o ka mau lapaau i loko o ka māhele' āina. Kēia puke Ua hoʻomohalaʻia e ka Europa Directorate no ka mea e like ai o ka laau lapaau, i mea mahele o ka 'Aha oʻEulopa. Pharmacopeia i okoa mai 'ē aʻe like loio i ke kūlana o ka palapala i i haawiia mai ai i kona Aha Kuhina. Ka'ōlelo kūhelu o ka Europa Pharmacopoeia - Palani. Hope, ka mea ono, ua ka hou-kala i ka 2005.

lahui pharmacopoeia

Mai ka International Pharmacopoeia i ole loio i ikaika a me ka mea oi o ka recommendatory ano, i kekahi mau aina puka mai kekahi aupuni pharmacopoeia no na rula hooponopono o ke kumuhana pili i ka ai '. Ma ka manawa, ka hapanui aina i kanaka puke. Ma Rusia ke pharmacopoeia mua i hoʻokuʻuʻia i loko o 1778 ma Roma. Russian mana e hele mai, e lilo ana i ka puke mua o keia ano keia ano i loko o ke aupuni 'ōlelo i ka iwakalua makahiki.

I ka 1866, kekahi hapa keneturia ma hope, hele mai la ka mua kūhelu Lūkini Pharmacopoeia. 11th Edition, ka hope iloko o ka wa o ka Soviet Union,ʻikeʻia i loko o ka kakahiaka nineties o ka hope kenekulia. Unuhi aku la ia mai, a me ka hoʻokō hou hookuu i ka palapala ma mua o ka Komite i waiho ai i ka pharmacopoeia, akā, manawa e hana i loko o ke Kuhina o Health, Roszdravnadzor a mau ola kino lapaʻau waihona me ke komo ana o ke aupuni o alakaiʻepekema.

RF State Pharmacopeia 12 a me ka 13 a paʻi

Ma ka wahi, ka wā o ka moku'āina pharmacopoeia kumuhana i nā loli, i ka mea e like ai o ka 'inikua huahana hooponopono ma ka pharmacopoeia' atikala hana (SAF) a me ka mau pharmacopoeia 'atikala (CFC). Ma ka umikumamalua paiia o ka State Pharmacopoeia o ka RF me ka nui loa 'ole ma ka mea o ke komo ana o Lūkini akamai ma ka hana ana o ke Komisina o na Europa Pharmacopoeia. Umikumamalua Edition ninoieo o elima'āpana, kela mea keia mea o ka i komo normalizing ka hoʻokumu paʻa hae a me na hooponopono ana no ka hana, kuai a paha o medicaments. Kēia puke i paʻiʻia ma ka holo i ka 2009.

'Eono makahiki ma hope, i kaʻumikumamālua Revised edition i ua hoʻoponoponoʻia. I ka pau ana o 2015 ma ka oihana aoʻao pūnaewele puni o ka Russian Hui Kuhina o Health ikea State Pharmacopoeia - 13th Edition. Ua ua he lolouila hoʻokolohua me ke kalaʻana i lawe mai me ka haawina o ke kuai ana. Nolaila, ka mea i hooholoia ma ka Ahaolelo pae, i loko o nā hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau, a wholesale poe e e moku'āina Pharmacopoeia (13th Edition). Kēia pūnaewele o ka puke samookupitsya.

He aha ka ka pharmacopoeial 'atikala?

Aia he mau ke ano o ka pharmacopoeia 'atikala: ma luna o ka waiwai, a me ka hoʻopauʻana o ke laʻau heluna palapala. Kēlā me kēia 'atikala "ma ka waiwai" i ka inoa i loko o nā' ōlelo a pau: Russian, a he Roma, me ka wahine nōhie Nine Inch inoa. Ua makana he empirical a me ka mall haʻilula, hakakino kaupaona ana a me ka nui o na kumu o kekahi hana naʻaupō waiwai. Eia kekahi, aia no he piha ano o ka helehelena o ka lāʻau e like ai ke kāohi ana hoʻohālike i ka solubility ma ke kino fluids, a me nā kino, a Nine Inch waiwai. Nā kūlana no ka'ōpala, manufacturing, pūnaewele a me ka halihali. Like pono me ka pau lā.

Paukū no ka hoʻopauʻana o ke laʻau heluna palapala, ma ka hou ana i na luna a pau, iloko ona i kakauia na hopena o ka lapaʻau a me ka keʻena hoʻokolohua ho'āʻo ma, ka mea ana palena o deviations ma ke kaupaonaʻana, ka leo a me ka nui o ka lāʻau 'waiwai, e like me kekahi-manawa a me kā mākou kela la i keia dosages no nā keiki a me nā mākua.