Pili aupuni nā kiʻi Heydar Aliyev: Kawaihae, nā hiʻona hana a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Aliev Geydar Alireza oglu (hanau 05/10/23 ma Nakhichevan, Azerbaijan - 12.12.03 make i loko o Cleveland, USA) - Azerbaijani statesman, ka mea no ka 30 makahiki i hala aku kekahi o ka loa influential nā loea kālai'āina o ka aina me ka hope a me ka Luna hoomalu o ka Republican KGB, Republican Kakauolelo ka Communist aoao, a me ka repressive a me ka authoritarian pelekikena o aupuni kūʻokoʻa Azerbaijan.

Oil a me Nagorno-Karabakh

Heydar Aliyev, kona Kawaihae ua ana i ka makahiki o ka 80 makahiki, i ke poo o Azerbaijan mai 1969 (me ka pōkole wanaao ae) a October 2003, a ua hoopahaohao mai ka aoao alakaʻi Brezhnev au i loko o ke aloha i ka Western statesmen. I loko nō o kona noho alii ana, ua hoʻomanaʻoʻia nā hanana: ke kuai ana o Caspian aila (me ka "aelike o ka Luna 'hoopaaia) a me ke kue i'Ararata ma ka hoopaapaa ?? eoi? O Nagorno-Karabakh - he enclave loko o Azerbaijan me ka hapanui Armenian heluna.

E like me peresidena o ke kuokoa ana Aliyev mahi i ke kiʻi o ka reformer. Many, nae, e hoomanao ia ia me ke kanaka nana i alakai i ka aina, aole ia e manaʻo pono kīvila, kahi i hoomaka ai e lei ana kūhelu he ākea ka palaho.

Heydar Aliyev: Kawaihae

Aina - Azerbaijani. Ke keiki a kekahi alahao hana Aliyev i hānau i loko o Nakhichevan, ka Azerbaijani exclave i loko o'Ararata. Puka 'o ia mai ke kumu mōʻaukala o ka Baku State University, a me ka Lolina Institute laila. I ka wā ma waena o 1941 a me 1944. Aliyev loaa pili aupuni loaʻa ma luna o ka lāʻau kū o ka papa kiʻekiʻe functionary o ka Communist Party i loko o kona aina. Kakahiaka i loko o kona 'oihana, oia' aneʻane paʻa pakele expulsion mai ia ma hope o ōlelo 'ia no īnea i ka hainā ma ka palena pau o wale kekahi balota.

Kona inoa a me ka kulana Aliyev hoʻolimalima i ka KGB, ala ma ka poʻe kaua o ka Azerbaijan State maluhia Service no nā makahiki ma mua, ua lilo iho la hope poʻo o ka hoʻonohonoho i ka 1964, a alakai aku la ia ia ekolu makahiki ma hope.

I ka makahiki 1969, ua hoonohoia Heydar Aliyev mua kakauolelo o ka Communist Party o Azerbaijan. Kawaihae o ka alihi kaua o ka repubalika i ka 1982, ka waiwai o ka hanana o kona ala ana me he lālā piha o ka Politburo o ka CPSU Central Komite. Aliyev A ua manaʻo maiʻoe i ka Hana ana me kona hoa, a lilo iho la kekahi o kona hea ka allies. I Brezhnev ka hele aku la io Baku i ka 1982, no ka laʻana, āna i kūkulu ai i hale no ka pono o ke Kakauolelo-Nui. Ke Soviet alakaʻi i laila no na po elua, ma hope a ma ka hale i paa.

hilahila

Ka hookohu o Mikhail Gorbachev like Soviet alakaʻi i ka makahiki 1985 ia i kaʻoi loli i loko o ka hoʻopaʻi kālai'āina o Aliyev. Hoʻowahāwahā i loko o nā 'aoʻao o ka pai hui, o ka Komite Central o ka CPSU, "Pravda" no ka palaho i ka ka kūkuluʻana, āna i lilo kekahi o nā mōhai mua - ka kahiko kiai. I ka 1987, Gorbachev i hao ae o kona noho ana ma ka Politburo, a me ka hoʻoikaika e haʻalele mai o kona wahi i ke poo o ka Communist Party o Azerbaijan. Ua mea i kona 'oihana i no. Koke ma mua o kona wahine make Geydara Alieva.

Kawaihae pilikino E pili Ua pili hou me Nakhichevan - ia mea ma laila, i loko o kona kūlanakauhale maoli, a me Heydar hulina i auhee. I ka makahiki 1990, a me kona ano pili aupuni acumen Aliyev haʻalele mai ka Communist Party, supposedly e, e ao i nā hanana o Black January, ka wā Soviet poʻina nalu olokaa ae la i ka Baku, a he nui civilians i make.

kuokoa

E hoʻiʻikepili Ua hōʻeleu e kokololio kaiapuni o Azerbaijan i loko o ka moku'āina o na chaos mai kuokoa i ka makahiki 1991 a me ka 'ole e loaʻa ai i ka hoopoina koke ana o ka lanakila ma Nagorno-Karabakh. I ka makahiki 1992, Abulfaz Elchibey, ka luna o ka Popular Front, nana i alakai i ka neʻeʻana no ka Kuokoa, lilo iho la ia i ka mua loa koho Peresidena, akā,ʻo ua he nawaliwali alakaʻi.

Ka mea hiki ole ke hoihoi hou ia, a ua kono Heydar Aliyev e kākoʻo i ke aupuni i loko o Baku. Kawaihae pilikino E pili i ka ho'āʻo 'ana e hoʻi. I ka wā i loko o June 1993 Elchibey i haʻakoiʻia e holo i pakele ai i ka kapikala, ma hope o ka hoao coup, Aliev lilo ka manehu pelekikena. He hele aku la ia i ka hana me ka coup e pale ai i ke kaua kūloko, a lanakila iho la i ke poo o ke aupuni ma ka referendum paʻa i loko o October o ka hookahi makahiki.

Head o ka moku'āina

Ua ulu i loko o kekahi koko pae ma lalo o Aliyev Karabakh kaua. A hiki aku la ia i ka mana, ua hoʻoikaika ka Armenians ko lakou wahi ma ka ku ?? eoi? O Azerbaijan, akā, i lawe i ka oihana koa hana i mai. Ma December 1993, hoomaka hou Aliyev e lawe mai piha-pālākiō koa ana, a mau ae la ia no 18 mahina. Ka mea, iloko oia kau i nalowale loa o ka 30,000 luahi o ke kaua. E like me ka hopena o ke kaua 750.000 i haʻakoi e haʻalele i ko lakou wahi i noho ai Azerbaijanis.

Aliyev ua ruthless i kona pili aupuni mau hoa paio. He hoʻoikaika akula i kona mana, ae kau ana ma ki kulana o kona mau hoa, mai Nakhichevan. I loko nō o ka ulu eha ma ka naau a me ke aupuni, no kona nele i ka loihi o pāʻoihana i ka Nagorno Karabakh pilikia, e 'imi ai i ka Makuakane me ka kaiapili-yeiiiie? Hopena o ke kaua, hoʻowahāwahā i ka ikaika i ka make o nā luna, Aliyev i kūpono Ua hiki e hoʻomamao aku ia ia iho mai o ka lehulehu eha ma ka naau. Ma Okatoba 1998, i ke kulekele i hou-koho me ka 76% o ka koho ana, a hele kū'ē pūʻulu a kūwaho hoʻi Aliʻi kilo ua ninau aku i ka legitimacy o ka hopena.

geopolitics

Aliev ua he pu kāleka i loko o ka palapala o ka aila waiwai o ka Caspian Sea, e like me ka mea, ua i ka hiki e hoʻokele ma ka loa huikau geopolitical maze Caucasus, hoike e pili ana i kona pili aupuni acumen. Ana me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Western 'Eulopa characterizes ka hōʻailona o ka 1997 aelike me ka International Oil Clarita, nā mea hoʻomākaukau i ke komohana poʻe he nui kaʻana like i loko o ka Caspian Sea. Cooperating me ka haole aila nunui, loa nō hoʻi me ka "Beritaniaʻaila kā", Aliyev hoi ka i lilo kekahi o nā kaua e hoohauhee ana i loko o ka ulu ana o ka pipeline Baku-Ceyhan pipeline, i AIM e lawe aku Caspian kaʻaila a hiki i ka komohana Via Georgia a me Tureke.

Kēia pipeline pāhana i hooikaika mai ka mua i hoka ai ana me Moscow, akā, i ke poʻo o Azerbaijan e hoʻokele i ka pale aku i ka piha wanaao ae. Makehewa ma waena o nā aupuniʻelua pau ma ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe ma ke Keʻena Pelekikena Borisa Eltsina, akā, i ka wa a ka mana i loko o Rusia i hiki mai i ka puka o ka KGB, Vladimir Putin, Heydar Aliyev, kona Kawaihae i kekahi pili me keia hui ua hiki ke hookupaa aku i ka pilina ma. Ke politician kekahiʻeleu ma e pili ana ikaika ano laulea me Tureke. Aina me Iran, i ka hale a hiki i kahi o 14 miliona. Kuʻuna Azerbaijanis ke akea kākoʻo'Ararata, i kona noho aliʻiʻana, i nā ia i mea ole.

ʻana

Aliev i i komo i loko o ke koho ana i loko o October 2003, Kuhikuhi 'ia poe ilihune ola. Ka mea, ua ka mua dynastic succession i loko o ka mua Soviet Union, i ka wa a ka pelekikena ma kāna keiki Ilham. OSCE mai la oia i ke koho i i hālāwai me hoʻonohonoho 'mau hae, i ukali ia e uhauha.

Ia Aliyev, a haawiia i ka moku'āina o ko lākou mau ola kino,ʻaʻohe mea e hōʻike i kekahi mea hōʻemi o kona noʻonoʻo 'faculties. He koe a hiki i ka hopena, i ka pahikaua a me ka insightful huahelu.

make 12.12.03 alihi kaua o Azerbaijani kanaka Aliev Geydar Alievich. Kawaihae pilikino E pili i keʻakeʻa ma ka Cleveland ke Kalinika i loko o ka 'Amelika. kanu Heydar i loko o ka Alley o kaena ma Baku.

Heydar Aliyev: Kawaihae, ohana

I ka 1948, i ka wā e hiki mai politician mare Zarifa Aziz. October 12, 1955 ka mea, i ke kaikamahine Sevil, a me December 24, 1961 ke keiki Ilham. Children ola lākou makua kāne. Kana wahine, he kaulana ophthalmologist, Kumu, academician o ka Academy o Sciences o Azerbaijan, make o ka maʻi 'aʻai i ka makahiki 1985.

Ke kākoʻo-Western dictator

Ka mea o ka mea kahiko KGB luna i lilo loa e kākoʻo ana-Pelekāne ua kukulu no hoi iluna, ka mea, ua pili kēia i keʻano nui a Mānoa i loaa i loko o Azerbaijan ka huakai "Pelekaniaʻaila kā". Ke ana o ka hoohuli ana i ka nunui me ke koe o kaʻaila a me ka kinoea i loko o ka'āina o kona? Acaeoey dala e pili kēia kalele iho ma luna o ka pipeline ma Georgia a me Tureke, e ku e ia a Rusia aole hoi ohohia.

Hoʻokahi haneri makahiki aku nei, ua i ka aila kapikala o ko ke ao nei Baku, a me kekahi o ka nalowale nani hoihoi hou ia i keia la. I ka puka o ka hou, a nui me ke koe ae Aliyev e hoʻokō, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i ke kapikala, he kekahiʻano o ka pomaikai, i ukali ia e paa containment o pili aupuni kuee a haalele mai. kana keiki, a kākoʻo i kēia momentum o oicyenoaaiiie holomua.

E noonoo pono i ka mea a ka halawai kii o ka wa kahiko Soviet kula o Aliev Geydar Alireza, i kona Kawaihae, i loaʻa ka mea, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa ka hapalua o ka mea, ua ike oia, e ua hanaʻo ia i kaʻiʻo na makana i ko makou hoomaopopo ana o ke au, i ka mea ma kahi lōʻihi aku.

hanohano

Aliyev Ua hookoia i ka helu o ka hoʻolilo 'ia', a mau mekala, kūwaho hoʻi hoʻolilo 'ia', i koho aku kona koʻikoʻi i kauka o kiekie ae hoʻonaʻauao kulanui ma na aina.

He mea hoʻohanohano i ka Papa Hanohano o Lenin Elima oʻu hahau ana, ua loaa i ka Papa Hanohano o ke Red Star, he nui mau mekala, a mau mekala o na aina. He Ua palua i hookoia ka inoa Hero o Socialist na Hana Lima.

I ka 1997, Aliyev Ua hookoia i ka lani kiekie loa Ukrainian Papa Yaroslava Mudrogo i ka makahiki 1999, ua loaa i ka Turkish Ataturk maluhia lua, a me ka inoa o Honorary Kumu o Moscow State University.

I ka 2003, Aliyev i koho Kumu a me ka piha lâlâ o ka Academy o ka maluhia, Pale Kaua a me ka loio i kūmau o ka Russian Hui nīnūnē. He Ua hookoia i ka Papa Hanohano o Andropov a me Andreya Pervozvannogo.

I ka 2004, ka mea i hanaia e Geydara Alieva Foundation. Kawaihae statesman, i hoomakaukauia ma ka Institute o History o ka Academy o Sciences o Azerbaijan, i paʻiʻia ma ka 2013.