Plum Smolinka: papa hōʻikeʻano, kiʻi a me nā hōʻike manaʻo

Plum - ka hanohano moʻomeheu o nā mea a pau mala. No ka kuai o ka hailona ana iʻano likeʻole hoʻopale i pests a me nā maʻi, e like me adverse ino ana. Mahikō e pono hakuloli i ka paena ana tolerate transplanting a haawi maikaʻi loa e haawi i ko. Kekahi o ka loa e like me ka ike ana'ku ua ninini Smolinka. Ke ano ulu pono i loko o nā wahi e pili ana, a ma ka mokuna o ke kikowaena hapa o Rusia.

Plum Smolinka: hōʻikeʻano

Plum laau i kekahi ikaika, ulu mai i 5-5,5 m + i loko o kona kiʻekiʻe. Crohn ka'ololaha kinona, ka awelika kona mānoanoa a lahilahi. Waukeʻeleʻele, ino. Hoi e pana aku iki uma.

I ka pepa i ka ua hoʻokōʻia auka-kinona, me Ana o 9,5 ma 6.5 knm, pubescence ole. Ka zazubernnost. Petiole he omaomao iki-yellow.

Ka pua Ua keʻokeʻo, me fluting. Sepals ovate. Photo Plum Smolinka hoonoho iho la ma ka pauku.

Hua o ka plum laau 'O ke kaulike, he pāʻumi mai i ka 35' ole. Unprimed, a me poorly ulu abdominal ulana. Ihi awelika mānoanoa. I ka lua o ka yellow-launahele waihoʻoluʻu. Iwi mai ka awelika separability. Hoao i ka hua o ka huawaina-ono,ʻoluʻolu.

Pros a me ka hooluolu ana oʻano likeʻole

Description o plumʻano likeʻole Smolinka kahea aku i ka nui o kona pono la. I waena o lākou:

• kiʻekiʻe hua - mai i 20 kg no laau;
• i kakahiaka nui e oo;
• maikai hoao ana o plums a me ka meaʻalaʻiʻo pepa;
• ola hau recoverability;
• maʻi e kū'ē'ē mai;
• hua pono transportable.

I ka hōʻike a me ka Hawaii photo o plumʻano likeʻole Smolinka hōʻike kiʻekiʻe.

Hua awelike hiki e'ōleloʻia hardiness. Aka, he loaa nui ma hope o ke anu winters i loko o keia papa, aole ia i lawe aku. i ke keakea i manaoia kedera loloa samobesplodnost a brittle lālā ma lalo o ka paona kaumaha o ka hua. E hoʻopau i ka hope pilikia, i ka props.

Koho o Mahikō

Ka wā koho Mahikō e hoʻolohe i ke kumu kahua. Ua hiki e hamama a paa. A elua i ko lakou mau pono a me ka keakea. E wehe i ka mole'ōnaehana mea oluolu ia e noʻonoʻo ai no ke kālailaiʻana i ka moku'āina. Akā, e pono e kanu iho i ka laau i kekahi mau 'manawa kapiliia - kekahi i loko o ka makahiki hou ma mua o ka ulu manawa a me ka hopena o Kepakemapa. Akuma ka seedling hou dropwise, a me ka luawai a eia i e koho, e waiho ia.

Mahikō me ka paʻa aa'ōnaehana, e kuai lilo aku la ka uhukiia i loko o ka lepo. No keia kumu, ka mea hiki ke kanu i kekahi manawa. Akā, ma keia hihia, aole he ala e Loiloi i ka moku'āina o na aa.

Pono e kaomi ma luna o ka seedling kānaka, oiai e haule ana e e ole'iʻa e kamailio no dryness. Healthy seedling he lawa kohoʻia.

Inā kuaiia seedling lau me ka paʻa hoʻi, ua pono, e ike ia no kekahi maʻi a me parasites. Ka mea, nana e like cobwebs, kakou, popoʻole. Pono Pono e nana i ka underside o na lau.

Kuai Mahikō o kekahi mau makahiki, akā, mala i hookuu ka makemake o ka makahiki mua, no ka mea, ka mea hiki ke oi koke lawe na aa ona, a hoonoho iho la ma ka hou paena.

paena

Mua a kau akula i ka plum mea pono, e hoomakaukau i ka lepo. Ka maikai manawa no ia hana - ka Akuma ka. kanu Mahikō hua mai la ia ma ka luawai. Inā i kanuʻia i loko o ka haule ana, aole he kumu hoʻomalu, e kiʻi i maʻa i ka seedling.

He nui ke koho i ka wahi pono e pae. Omo wai-puni, ka makemake o nā loamy a me ka one aina. Ua kupono nutritious moe kolohe lepo waiwai i loko o ke aloha a me ka mea i ka haahaa nui o kaʻakika. Hiki emi i kaʻakika ma ka liming.

Loa hoʻowali Lime e pili ana i na makahiki elima. He ua hana i loko o ka haule ana, a me ka eli ana i ka lepo. Mea hoʻomomona a me ka Lime ua hoʻolauna, alaila, o ka eli iho lepo. No ka hoʻoikaika 'ana e haawi i ko, lepo Lime makahiki ma ka liʻiliʻi'āpana. E hana i kēia, dilute me ka wai ka pauka Lime me ka humus i pololei i loko o ka puka no ke kanu.

No kēlā me kēia seedling hoomakaukau puka 70 knm hohonu a me 90 knm laula, E hookaawale i ka superficial a me ka hohonu lepo ma ke alo aoao. i kanu laau, straightening na aa. Like backfill topsoil i hoʻohuiʻia peat, humus a me ka lehu. He läÿau, ua piha seedling tamped. Eia hoonoho iho la 5 knm ahu iho la ka peat mulch. I ka wā kanu mole ano metala o Mahikō like me ka lepo pae. Ma hope o hehi ia e ia i kekahi wahi kiʻekiʻe.

hiki ole Plum kū nuʻa. Mahikō i kanu i ka wā mawaena o 4 mau mika ma ke kaʻawale.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka mālama

Kupono malama o na laau plum e pololei:

1. Mau pahi.
2. E hanai ana oia.
3. Glaze.
4. hemohemo i ka lepo.
5. Ke kāpaeʻana ka nāhelehele.
6. Makaukau no ka hooilo.

Ma hope o kanu 'o ka plum undercut. O ka papa alakaʻi mele ua hoopokole ia 80 knm. Hoʻi i hoʻomaikaʻi iʻaoʻao hoi e pana aku. Ua kuaʻia i ka i koe, na lala i 20 knm. I nā makahiki o ka ninini i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu, mai oki, e hoʻopōkoleʻaoʻao hoi e pana aku ma 1/3.

Inā na plums i kanuʻia i loko o ka momona lepo no kekahi mau makahiki, ka mea hiki ole e hānai. Hiki ole no ia aina he pono fertilizing. Plum ke aloha ke aloha hoʻolauna ma ka luawai, a me ka hina.

Hooinu ai mea he pololei hopena ma productivity. Ikaika koi i ka ona e poholo eʻike piʻi i ka hoʻomaka o ka ulu wa pono, a me ka wa flowering a me ka hua oo ana.

kauwela mālama

Ma ke kauwela ia mea nui, e hanai i ka lua o ka moni loa, ka mea, ua hanaia ia ma ka fruiting ke kahua. Ma ka hana ana i kēlā me kēia laau nitrophosphate, a me ka urea pāʻoihana.

Ma hope o fruiting hānai hou potasiuma sulufahate a me ka superphosphate.

Obligatory ka nāhelehele i hoʻoholo. I ka laau nui ilpko o lepo hemohemo i ka pāpaʻu ka hohonu,ʻaʻole e hoʻopā i ke kumu.

Hemohemo ua pu ma ka hoike ana o peat, compost a me ka humus. 'Oe ke kākau i ke aloha ia mea.

I kakahiaka kauwela mea ulu pahi e hoomahuahua i ka waiwai o ka mea'ē aʻe lālā. He nui e hahai i ka pāpale aliʻi, e ae Map. I ke kau 'oe keʻoki i ka lala ulu hoʻi, akā, i ke kumu nui kaʻai i waena i loko o ka luawai e, no ka rejuvenation.

Next, hōʻikeʻano e hoʻomau i ka noonoo Smolinka plumʻano likeʻole. laau Hawaii photo apono 'oe e ike pono-groomed, pono koli iho la i mea kanu.

Akuma ka mālama

Ma hope o ka ohi ai ana, i ka plum hānai hou mea hoʻomomona pāʻoihana ma ka wahi a puni-kino kaiapili. Nō hoʻi ma lalo o ka lāʻau e ho okumu i kekahi aiiay ahu iho la ka lapnika foliage a me ka peat, e kali i ka palapala ole o ka ukiuki o ka hooilo aiʻaihueʻia.

Nui ilpko o pono e whiten a kokoke parchment ka pepa a me kemikala pūʻolo helu. Whitewashed nui ilpko o vodoemulsionkoy paha Lime.

E hoomahuahua i ka hardiness kanaka hoʻoponopono wai a me ka momona lepo.

Maʻi a me pests

Mawaena o ka plum maʻi ana:

1. Klyasterosporioz - fungal maʻiʻaʻai, hoikeia ma ka puka i loko o ka lau.
2. Moniliosis - kekahi fungal maʻi.
3. GUMMOSIS - hanana o ke kēpau iho.
4. Ka popo - pūkoʻa ia ma luna o ka lau, e alakai ana i kā lākou mau ia'na.
5. Ka hua popoʻole - he fungal maʻiʻaʻai, a pepehi i ka hua.

Plum Smolinkaʻana a me nā maʻi. No ka maʻi Kāohi ana ka hoʻohana kumu laau mālama.

O pests pilikia no plums:

• ka mu;
• aphids;
• sawfly.

Ai codling kāna mau 'ōlelo hua a me ka huaʻiʻo pepa. Kekahi enuhe ke hanaʻino i kekahi hua. E paio aku i ka mu mea hiki ma ka mea o kaʻawa me kūikawā hoomakaukau. Lapaʻau ua lawe mai ma hope o flowering, a laila, ma hope o elua pule.

Aphids poho lau, hao opiopio na lala. Kaua mea ikaika, no ka mea, na nā mea kolo e hoʻomālama ma luna o ka wahi haʻahaʻa o ka lau. Ana, e hoʻopau i ka parasite e lawe i ka maka.

Sawfly ikeia 5 mau lā ma mua flowering, a hoolakolako hua i loko o nā'ōpuʻu. Ke larvae hanaʻino i ka hua o ka ulu ana mai. I ka hakakāʻanaʻawa me pesticides mua flowering manawa.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE ana, e pale aku i na mai a me parasites:

• Laau e e kanuʻia i ka nui kaawale mai kekahi i kekahi;
• ia mea nui ke koho i kekahi lā, ua pono-ventilated wahi, me ka pili groundwater;
• Ia mea i pono no ka kanu plum i loko o hoʻokahi hapa me popela maka;
• manawa e e pahi, ae ho'āʻo ana ai hanaʻia naʻe o ka pāpale aliʻi, ma hope pahiʻehaʻia;
• 'eleu aa ana o ke oki i na lala a me ka haule lau, ka oi aku i ka maʻi;
• lapaʻau o eha o ka laau;
• regular lapaʻau fungicides;
• disinfection o nā mahinaʻai pono'ī;
• ke ahi Akuma ka lau haule;
• eli ana i laau nui ilpko o mua o ka hooilo manawa;
• aaioee laau Bordeaux kinowai a me ka pāʻoihana o ke keleawe sulufahate.

pollinators

Grade plum Smolinka ka samobesplodnym. Ka maikai pollinators no ka mea, e:

• Opal;
• loa i kakahiaka nui;
• Blue haawina;
• Volzhskaya nani;
• Kepakailiula uliuli.

I mea e hōʻoia 'pollination, ma ka paena, a me ka plum Smolinkoy kanu laau pollinating nāʻano likeʻole. ʻanuʻu ma waena o plum laau e ole mamua o 10 mau mika. Pollination o ka hoolilo ana o pollen ma ka stigma o ka pistil. Kēia ka hana ma ka meli a me nā nā mea kolo, e like me ka makani. manuale pollination hiki ke hana i ka loa hihia.

No ka moni loa Smolinka mea,ʻaʻole hiki ke pakiko-pollination, kona aʻe puka ke i kekahi mauʻano likeʻole e hiki ke fertilized kū kaʻawale.

Me ka kupono malama moni loa, e hooluolu kona kahu maikai e ohi ai, no kekahi mau makahiki.