Russian haku mele Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev: pōkole Kawaihae,ʻike hoʻokumu a me ke ola moʻolelo

Ke Kuhina o Lunakanawai, he koʻikoʻi statesman a me ka haku mele nui i hānau i loko o Simbirsk, i loko o kaʻohana pae. Kona inoa ua Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev. Pōkole Kawaihae e haʻi i ka moʻolelo o ke kakahiaka nui ke ola, kaumaha a me ka 'oihana. Ka moku'āina o kona mau makua i leʻa hoʻi Pugachovskim kipi, no laila, i umikumamaha, Ivan lilo ka maʻamau Semenov regiment.

kamaliʻi

Boy nui i loko o kekahi kauhale kokoke Syzran, uuku? Anoee ma Kazan a me Simbirsk, kahi āna i noho ai ma ka kula hanai, akā, ke keiki a ka ohana ua i huki aʻo, a me Ivan hoi aku la i ke kauhale, kahi e hoʻokō 'ia kā lākou hoʻonaʻauao ma luna o lākou iho. No ka laʻana,ʻo ia ke kahu moku i ka Palani 'ōlelo, e heluhelu a me ka unuhi me ka dukima o ka moʻolelo e noho ana i loko o ka hale waihona puke makua. Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev, he pōkole Kawaihae i hiki ole lawa nā o hana maikai la ka kaikaina haku mele o, ua he loa purposeful.

Ma kekahi, i makemake oia ma na olelo lapuwale o La Fontaine, a ia i unuhi ole wale na descenders, akā, kekahi papahana i ke akamai, a me ka rhymes. A hoopio i kona mau manao lapuwale,ʻo ia ho'āʻo i ka haku `ia ia iho. I ka 1774, Ivan koi e lawelawe i loko o ka Semenov regiment, kahi mea i kākau mau makahiki aku nei, a ua haʻaleleʻo ia i St. Petersburg.

Nā hoapili i loa leʻaleʻa o ka leʻaleʻa, akā, no ka hoʻopaʻi 'loa ke kanaka'ōpiopio, he kupanaha kekahi poʻe haku moʻolelo, a hiki i ka haku mele. Ka loihi moʻoleloʻo ia ke hai aku i ka manaʻoi, akā, i ka mea ia manawa ka loa pōkole. Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev, he pōkole Kawaihae a uaʻikeʻia a hiki i schoolchildren aneane pono loiloi 'ia e mākou wā, no ka mea, e like ma ia manawa i ulu ai ka laekahi Lūkini' ōlelo mai o ka mea a mākou e kapa aku i ka archaic.

Discipleship a me ka hoʻomaka o ka makakū ala

I ka 1783, hoi aku la oia i St. Petersburg HI Karamzin. halawai Ivan me ka mea kākau moʻolelo i ka mea a kokoke i ka makaʻu, ka mea, ua halawai pinepine aku, a kamailio e pili ana i na buke e heluhelu, malama i ke keaka a pau, noonoo paiia o kona Magazine. Ma hope o ka manawa Karamzin maoli hoʻokumu i ka "Moscow Pai", malaila i paʻiʻia poem Dmitrieva.

Dmitriev Ivan Ivanovich (1760-1837) pōkole Kawaihae hōʻike i manao he haumana ia o N. M. Karamzina. E hoopono ana mai o ka palapala,ʻo ia ua ia ma na aoao, a me kona mau ukali. I ka 1777 hoomaka ae la oia i kona poetic ala, ka wā "St. Petersburgʻepekema Gazette" i paʻi i kona poem mua. Eia naʻe, no ka haku mele iā ia iho i i manao keia o ka hoʻomaka: na mea a pau i kākau ai ma mua 1791, i kapa inoa rhyming nele.

ka palapala, ai kaulana

Akā, ke mele, "moans manu nunu manu nunu", ia i loaa ia ia ka hiʻona i ka 1792, i ua ole kekahi kanaka e e uku. I satirical moʻolelo "kaila Wahine" ua hoi loa hoʻomano kamaʻilio nui i loko o ka palapala, ai koʻikoʻi a hanohano. Dmitriev i ka ike aku i haku o ka 'ikepili koʻikoʻi pauku, a pau ano o ka panorama poetry - epigrams, madrigals, e lepili. He palapala iho la no hoi satires a me ka manao lapuwale, ka poe i makemake e hoʻolohe, a haiia ae la maluna i ka Lūkini lehulehu.

Mākou wā ia mea kumukuai ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana i, eia nae ia Dmitriev kahiko Derzhavin syllable o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia, akā, e hookomo ana i ka Lūkini moʻokalaleo he wahi lihi iki o kona iho, a me ka loa hou, e like me ka poeticʻano o, irony, hale 'ikamu (unacceptable mamua i loko o "kiʻekiʻe kaila"), a me ka hana ole au shied aku, mai ka piha o ke ola i oi aku i ole oukou i ka poetry o ka manawa. Akā, ke'ōlelo,ʻo ia, kahiko-puʻu waiū, a me allegories, a pono e lohi unravel, me ka ke kino closeness, nae me nā mea a pau i mika i Hone a me ka maikaʻi loa.

nā loina noiʻi

I haiia ae maluna,, i maʻa a pau, e hiki i kona manao Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev. Pōkole Kawaihae e haʻi mai i ka mea, hoʻokahi wale nō kula i loko o ka mea ana i kana a pau o kona olaʻana, a me kēia kula - hoolaʻi nō. Mai noho 'ana kamaliʻi, ua o Laielohelohe Lūkini mele,ʻo ia a hiki ho'āpono iā ia iho i hoiliili ole. He a nānā aku i nā hāʻina o nā haʻawina, hoʻopaʻanaʻau i ko lakou mau ano, haku mele 'ana,' ole, hua'ōlelo hou.

Paha keia kōkua Dmitriev kākau mele i mele ai i loko o na lumi hoʻokipa, "Sizyi manu nunu", "Hush, ke ale wale iho ..." "Oh, ka wā aʻu i ike mua ...". ka mea, i mea i like loa me ka Mohai o ka mea kahiko mele a pau. I ka palapala, ai 'mana o ko lākou novellicheski i i,ʻo ia hoʻi, narratively, me ka ala apuupuu hana keaka ma ka pauku maluhia, palupalu manaʻo, kukui-i nā pōpō ke kaumaha. Ua mea no hoi no ka mea, he wā i loko o ka naau, i o ko Dmitriev ka poem i nalowale roughness a me ka oi ana o Lūkini kanaka, ka 'aoʻao. Ma kona mau hāʻina o nā haʻawina oluolu aku, a kokoke koke i kākau i ka mele ma ka mea kaulana i ka haku mele me Verstovsky, Dubyansky, Zhuchkovsky.

Ka mua ohi ana i nā mele

Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev, he pōkole Kawaihae a i kāna moʻolelo o kona mau pono a me ka akahai Humor, paʻiʻia kona ohi i ka 1796, a kapa ia "A o koʻu trinkets" ma hope o ka lehulehu ākea o Karamzin ka puke "Kaʻu trifles". No laila, maikai, e like me ka'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka, i aku la ia, i no ka mea, e hoomanao iho i ka haumana no ka haku nui.

"Pocket Songbook" i i maheleia i ekolu māhele: Ka mua pauku - i ka mea kākau o ka mele, ka mua (GR Derzhavin, VV Kapnist, M. M. Heraskov, II Dmitriev, ina Bogdanovich a me na mea e ae ); ka pauku lua - holoʻokoʻaai i ke kaulana hoao ana; kolu - hoʻokahi wale nō konaʻena Lyrics.

Kēia hui hoolaʻi, ka palapala, ai a me ka hana hoʻokahi wale nō ka palapala, ai mele i loko o ka hoʻokahi ipu, a ia Kawaihae Dmitrieva Ivana Ivanovicha. Summary o nā mele, mai ka peni o ka mea kākau - compiler o keia ohi, e hiki ke hele i kēia ala. Ka mea, underscored inexhaustibility wai poʻe mele hanaia'na. Ka mea kani e like me ka mele hoomauia waiwai o Rusia. Moʻolelo, hua'ōlelo hou, nā kiʻi o kona mau mele no ka lōʻihi manawa e e pono iā mākou, e like me ka hoailona o ka huli anaʻe i ko manawa o ka waiho ana i ka 'ōlelo.

sentimentalism

Ma ka huli ana o ke kenekulia i loko o Rusia i hiki mai i ka hou ka palapala, ai nā mea kū - sentimentalism. Classicism i nā lawe nā kūlana hana ma Europe, moʻokalaleo, mele, pena i ia manawa i hala o ka poho, ma ka pili hoʻokiwikā ola a me ka noho ana ma mau. A me ko makou haku mele ua nui kokoke i ka naturalness maoli, mea pinepine Shoes ke Kawaihae o Dmitrieva Ivana Ivanovicha.

Synopsis sentimentalism: manaʻo,ʻaʻole kona noonoo ia e oli, maemae a me ka untroubled. Here a ua Lūkini moʻolelo ua huli ia ano, Karamzin a me Dmitriev, pono e mālama i nā loli Europa, i ua e alakaʻi i ka hou ka ao ao. Eia naʻe, koke haawi mai ia ia ia, a holo aku la.

From mele - odes i

Mohai poʻe mele i lawe mai ai i ka haku mele o ka hiʻona, akā, maoli iʻole nō paha ia ia, ke 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke ua nui ole-iho, a me ke kaumaha, iini nui hoʻomaopop' ana i loko o ka poʻe mele, uaʻaʻole auaneʻiʻoukou i kēiaʻoliʻoli kanaka.

he kanaka o keʻoluʻolu Dmitriev ua, akā, me ka mea iki unruliness, chaste a me ka hana kua'āina. Ma keia a hōʻike ia i kekahi kanaka i kokua pono e like Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev, he pōkole Kawaihae. ʻike hoʻokumu olelo no ka iho, eia nae i kekahi manawa alakai hewa i ka mea heluhelu. No ka laʻana, i kona heluhelu poem Dmitrieva i na mea nani, ka waina a me kaʻIno pastime, ka mea, ke ole e pili ana i ka haku ai. He Heʻauhau i ke ano o ka manawa. Ke bohemian mea kākau a me ka ole "hiamoe iho la".

A laila, Dmitriev addicted i odes, e pili ana i ka pono okoaʻano o ia, i ole makemake Lomonosov, i nā mea a pau nō, a hoʻi me. Nā odes Dmitrieva hehi ihola au iā nalo, akā, koe kiʻekiʻe pathos. Mau mea i ka ode "Ma ka Volga", "Ermak", "Liberation o Moscow". Poetic olelo lilo nui ma kona ano maoli, he mea lyricism, ia meaʻaneʻi mea e ho'ōla kupu ai wā e hiki mai elegies, a malia o pau o Lūkini romanticism.

Fabulist a me kekahi poʻe haku moʻolelo

Dmitriev - ka haku mele loa multifaceted. Haule ana ma ke aloha me La Fontaine mai ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi,ʻo ia aka "recreate" ka Classic ma na olelo lapuwale, ka mea ikea mai ia ia ia i ka palapalaʻano mea Lūkini ma na olelo lapuwale, ma ka mau moralism kani kahi o ka mea kākau i ka oihana a me kona mau kino wahi o ka Hawaii. Ke ano o ka'ōleloʻano, i loko o kēia 'ano moʻokalaleo, oia ua waiwai i ka puke kātuna hula ka eha maalea. Kēia ma na olelo lapuwale, no ka laʻana, o "Bee, Bumblebee a me I". Fabulist Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev, he pōkole Kawaihae i kekahi Shoes keia, ua kauoha aku e lilo i paionia i loko o nā mea a pau Huli i, no ka mea ana i Ho'āʻo.

A me nā kaʻao Dmitrieva me ka fabulousness, He aha ka mea i ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo? He He loa'ōleloʻano pauku novels e holo ana mai kona modernity. "Poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo", "Picture", "kaila Wahine" - o ka a pau i kākauʻia i loko o kēia ala. Ka haku mele i ho'ākāka 'ia kēia mau hana kaʻao, no ka mea, i ole makemake e hoohihia ia, moe ihola kona mau satire ma ka mea e mitigate, ma ka renaming ia i ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo.

afterword

Dmitrieva moʻolelo i ua hoʻohanaʻia he nui nā haku mele a me ka poʻe kākau moʻolelo. No ka laʻana, A. S. Pushkin ua kākauʻia i loko o Ivan o kona "Captain ka ke kaikamahine". Image Grinyova ina ulu mai na kanaka haku mele no ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi i kākau i loko o ka regiment. Dmitriev hoi mai la ka haku mele nui, a Pugachev uku, a ike aku la oia ia ia iho. A hiki loa "kekahi makua kāne loa maikai rula" - no hoi i loaa ia Demeterio, a me ka mea, he kaikamahine,? Eaia keʻena, e like me ka haumāna. Ke aloha nui i Dmitriev I S Vasiliem Lvovichem - makua o Alexander.

About Dmitriev like me ka reformer, kakau iho la VG Belinsky, e noonoo pono i ka mea, i ka mīkini hoʻonoho 'ōlelo, a me Karamzin Karamzin wale nō i hana ai i kēia i loko o Ana Aina, a me Dmitriev hoʻomaka i ka hana i loko o Pushkin ka pauku. Zhukovsky kakau iho la oia i ka Lūkini poetic ho'āʻoʻana i Dmitriev Ivan Ivanovich. Pōkole Kawaihae no ka poʻe mamo i kēia, ua'ōlelo mai. Kona hoʻopaʻi, ua hauʻoli, oihana, na mea hele hoʻi mai kēlā wahi, me ka hoomahuahua i wahi me ka iki pahu aku ai i, mai konaʻaoʻao. Eia naʻe, ma ka pōmaikaʻi i pipili'ē, honesty, ka lokomaikaʻi, fairness, paakiki hana a me ka huli ikaika i hou kuamoʻo.