Small kino i loko o ka halepaahao cytoplasm. Ka inoa, 'ano a me ka mākaʻikaʻi

I kēia mau lā mākou e aʻo pehea i kapaia o na poe uuku wale i loko o ka halepaahao cytoplasm. Mākou nō hoʻi e kaumaha aku oe i ke kahińuli i ko lakou manao, a? Ueo. No laila, ka poe liilii, bipi, i loaʻa i loko o ka cytoplasm o aeee, kapa plastids. Ka mea, pau o māhele o ka halepaahao. Plastids i mea nui, i ko lākou kūlana mea i emi nui ma mua o nā aeea organelles.

Me ka pili ana i ka halepaahao, ia mea he mall pa alima o nā mea a pau e hoopuni iho la iā mākou. Na mea a pau e ola ana, a me ke kanaka ia ia iho - he "akamai" hana i keena. Ka mea, ua uuku na loa, a me ka maka kapa ole ka mea noonoo ole i ke Akua. Ka mua mau makamaka, me ka halepaahao a me kona organelles hana nō i loko o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, oiai nā haumāna i kono ia no ka manawa mua loa i ka hana me ka microscope. No laila, ua hele i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumuhana.

plastids

Mākou i mua mai la ia i loko o ka kakaʻina i na poe uuku wale no i loko o ka cytoplasm o na keena, na plastids ia. Ka mea, ua nui loa nui organelles o ka laau aeea. Ka mea, hiki ke loaʻa i loko o autotrophic mea kanu. He nui ka hōʻike i plastids i:

• DNA;
• RNA;
• kumu hoohalike no ka kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala.

Ma muli o ka keia, ua hiki ke hoomaopopo i ka walaʻauʻana hana o plastids. Predictably, he hoʻololi kemikala o ke aloha 'ona. Me ka pili ana i ka laha 'i ka penei:

• chloroplasts;
• chromoplasts;
• leucoplasts;
• chromatophores (līoho).

I mai la lakou a pau i kaʻokoʻa manao a me ka kala like 'ole, e like me kēlā me kēia palapala i kona iho kekahi pigment. E ka koho a e ka pōkole ka hopena: na poe uuku wale i loko o ka cytoplasm o ka halepaahao - plastids. A pau o ia i ka luna '' ole, a ua māheleʻia i loko o eha papa (ma ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka ho'āʻo). O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o kēlā me kēia ano - he hoʻololi kemikala o ke aloha 'ona.

chloroplasts

Green na poe uuku wale i loko o ka cytoplasm o aeee - ia chloroplasts. Lākou mau waihoʻoluʻu hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka chlorophyll, ke pigment makana i loko o ka plastid. Kekahi ua kapaia he carotenoid pigment me ka alani waihoʻoluʻu. He nui, e hoailona oukou i ka mea i kā lākou Ana, ua uuku loa, ma luna o kēia kumu, chloroplasts i loko o ka halepaahao pepa hiki e oi aku mamua o ka iwakalua. E kuhikuhi mai i na līoho i plastids kapaia chromatophores, a no laila, ka mea i hookoaiaʻe e lākou nui nui, ka mea i loko o ka hīnaʻi manu hiki e 2 wale.

Here mākou e ka papa kuhikuhi hana o chloroplasts, a oia ma ka hooko ana mai kāʻamaʻai e hoailona oukou.

chromoplasts

No laila, ka poe liilii, bipi, i loaʻa i loko o ka cytoplasm o aeee, kapa plastids. Mākou i hōʻike 'i ka papa kuhikuhi ano e kaumaha aku i ka manawa pōkole nānā ma chromoplasts. Mea hiki e ana o kekahi mau'ōniʻoniʻo.

• yellow;
• alani;
• ke ulaula mai.

Mākou e loaʻa iā lākou,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka lau, akā, i ka hua a me petals. Chromoplasts 'ole mea i okoa mai ka' ole o nā plastids. Ka'ōpū mai maupaʻa i ka kumuʻiʻo kumu, DNA a me pigments.

O ka papa kuhikuhi hana - ua Kaʻahumanu i ka noonoo ana o nā mea kolo a me ka holoholona e ai i ka hua, e like me ka hua chromoplasts kalameaʻai a me ka pua i loko o aahu waihoʻoluʻu.

leucoplasts

He nui e ike i na plastids ke hoʻololi mai kekahi palapala i kekahi. No laila, leucoplast - he ano o ke kupuna o ka chloroplasts. Heʻoiaʻiʻo mākou a pau i mea kanu ma ka hale. Inā ka mea, i ilihune kau iho, o ka lauʻano mea haikea yellow. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i na keena o kēia mau mea kanu i hiki mai leucoplasts. Inā 'oe i ka mea kanu i loko o ka malamalama, alaila, leucoplasts hoohuliia mai i loko o chloroplasts, a laila lilo ka mea kanu, e waiwai uliuli waihoʻoluʻu.