Subcomandante Marcos: Kawaihae a me ka Hawaii photo

Subcomandante Marcos - politician a me Mekiko hoʻokahuli aupuni, ka mea i ka luna o ka Zapatista Army o National Liberation (EZLN), he kaua hui i kū'ē maiʻolua i ka Mekiko ke aupuni i loko o Chiapas i loko o January 1994.

Kawaihae

Ke kiʻi, a hūnā iā ke poo o ka EZLN, ua i ke kumuhana o ka speculation, like i kona pinepine helehelena mua āina o ke ao me Media,ʻo ia huna mau i kona maka ma lalo o Balaklava. I loko nō o kēia, ma Pepeluali 1995, Subcomandante Marcos lawe aku i ka ea paha: ka Mekiko aupuni ua hōʻike 'ia e like Rafael Sebastian Gilena Visente. E like me ke kumu, ka Peresidena o Mexico, Ernesto Zedillo, Guillen i hanau July 10, 1957 ma Tampico (Tamaulipas), he ohana nui ua hana ma ka oihana o kaʻoihana. Hoomaka iho la i kona mau haʻawina i loko o kona aina, Guillen hoomau iho la oia ia ia ma Guadalajara a me Monterrey, a laila, i helu i ka National hana nona iho University o Mexico, kahi ia i loaa i keʻano ma ka kālaiʻike a me ka moʻokalaleo. Na ia mau kumu paipai ia i kona makahiki 24 hoʻoholo iholaʻo ia e haʻalele i kona 'oihana aʻo aesthetics, hele ia Chiapas, a lilo iho la i koiʻo o ka pono o ka lāhui' ōiwi lāhui kanaka o ka moku'āina.

Kēia kēia lākiō hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha ia e Central i ka Zapatista uprising, e like me ka neʻeʻana e ho'āʻo ana e wehe i ke kumu kumu o ka loaa ma na kenekulia o ka backwardness o ka' ōiwi kanaka, e koi aku i ko lakou nohona ulu. Ka mea i Subcomandante Marcos (ka Hawaii photo ua hoike mai ia ma ka 'atikala) ua, ua hōʻike' ia i kekahi kanaka i mea ole no i kekahi o ka kūloko hana 'ike loea, aʻaʻoleʻo ia i ka noho ana o ka Moku'āina' o Chiapas, Zedillo i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa o ka Aupuni i loko o ka hoao e discredit i ka neʻe. E like me ka mea Mekiko alakaʻi, ka pseudonym no ka huna manao o na ideologues o ka haʻalele waenakonu-papa Mekiko Indians hoʻohana i discredit i ka aina hooko.

Ke kūlana o ka Media,

Ka mea a ka mea, ua, kekahi o na kumu o ka hiʻona o ka Zapatista neʻeʻana i ka pomaikai, a i hoʻohana 'ia e Subcomandante Marcos o ka hoʻonohonoho' lehulehu manao. He heluhelu poem, Kāpena Barber, a haʻi maila i ka pilikia kālai'āina memo kakau inoa ia e ka clandestine hoʻokahuli aupuni Komite o ka 'ōiwi kanaka, kona alakaʻi ua. Ma ke kaomi hookuu paʻiʻia ma luna o ka mea ulana pukapuka, (me ke kanalua, kekahi ki i ka hiʻona o ke kipi mawaho o ka aina), i i koi no ka huli ana o Mexico i loko o ka multinational repubalika me ke kūʻokoʻa o ka pono o ka lāhui 'ōiwi nā kaiāulu Komite e komo i loko o kulanakauhale'ōnaehana, guaranteeing ia o ka pono a me ka fairness, a hoomaopopo ana kākoʻo a me ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo nō o ka pono, e hoʻomaka lākou rituals a me ka aoao. Eia hou, i ka Mekiko moku'āina a pau e ia he kumu hoʻomalu i nā nā kauhale o Indigenous kānaka e e kauoha aku e ka Indians lakou iho, a me ka mea kahiko no na kanaka e i ka pono no lakou iho, e hoʻonā i kekahi kivila, karaima, hana, a kalepa hoopaapaa i loko o ia i kekahi ala e lahui kanawai e lawe i ka mooolelo o ko lakou mau mooolelo a me ka aoao.

Zapatista uprising

Subcomandante Marcos alakaiia e ka Zapatista National Liberation Army i ka lā mua o Ianuali 1994 iʻeono kūlanakauhale i loko o Chiapas, a me San Cristobal de Ka Las Casas. Mahope o umikumamalua lā o clashes a me ka lehulehu kanaka casualties a me nā palapū, hoomaka ae la oia naʻe me ke aupuni. No laila, Marcos (Rafael Sebastian Guillen Vicente) komo i loko o ka hui kūkāʻana, a noho i ka loa emblematic huahelu o ka Zapatista neʻeʻana.

I Pepeluali 1996,ʻelele o ke aupuni, a me ka guerrillas kakauinoa i ka San Andrés berita ma luna o nā pono o ka lāhui 'ōiwi nā kaiāulu, akā, he mau mahina ma hope EZLN hoopiiia Pelekikena Zedillo i kaʻeha o ka aelike, a uhai i keʻano o waena o na aoao elua. Ka pact nā pūʻulu mai i ka palahalaha laulā o ka hoʻoponopono-manao paa o ka umi o ka miliona o Mekiko Indians, hookupaa iho la ia i ka hoʻomaopopo pono o ke ola o ka moku'āina o 'ōiwi kanaka, ko lakou mau ano o ka hooponopono, aoao, a me nā loina, akā, Peresidena Zedillo i manaoia he okoa paiia o ke kikokikona hoʻowahāwahāʻia e ka poʻe kipi, a ma January 1997, i ka EZLN maiwaena mai o ka negotiating kaʻina.

resumption o keʻano o

Ma hope iho o ka loli ana o ka mana i loko o ke aupuni e like me ka hopena o ke koho ana i loko o Iulai 2000, i ka hou Peresidena Visente Foks i kauoha mai ai ma mua, a Senator Luis Alvarez Komisina no ka maluhia ma Chiapas. Alvarez hoʻokumu i ke Komisina o hoi ka manao hookahi a me ka maluhia (Cocopa), mea kuleana no ke hei ana kānāwai kūpono 'ana, ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo i kaʻaelike i, a noi aku i kaʻaeʻana i ka Zapatistas.

Ka lānai hou koho Mekiko Pelekikena Fox i kaumaha aku ai i ka hoʻomau 'ana i mea kamaʻilio me nā guerrillas, a Marcos ua maliu mai i ke kaumaha, a hiki iʻaelike ai, e hele i ka pekelala kapikala. I kekahi lā ma hope o ka inauguration o ka alihi kaua o ka EZLN ma ka ke awa kaomiʻaha kūkā, nā kānaka moʻolelo mai la na kipi koi e hoihoiʻano o ka withdrawing i ka poe koa, mai ka aina, i ka manaʻo o ka San Andrés ae like ana a me ke kala o ka poe pio activists.

Hoʻohui o nā kūlana o ke aupuni a me ka poʻe kipi kōkua pio i loko o Chiapas PRI aoao, a ho okumu i ka hou rula anaʻahahui. Pablo Salazar Kiaaina i ka oihana ma ka 8 December 2000, a ae mai la e paipai i kalahala o ka luna 'nohona, kālai'āina, mahiʻai a me ka hoʻomana oko ao. Ke Kiaaina i olelo mua iaʻi, e hoʻomaka loio i kaʻina hana no ke kala o ka poe pio o ke Zapatistas, a i kekahi o na kumu nui Marcos keia no ka hana hou iaʻano.

Zapatista hele

I ka lā i kakahiaka nui o kona Keʻena Pelekikena, Fox kena ae i ke kala o ka 40 pio Zapatista a hapa 'ia e hooki i kona pūʻali kaua, mai na kipi moku'āina. Hoouna mai la oia i ka Ahaolelo i ka bila kanawai ma ka pono o ka lāhui 'ōiwi kanaka, e like me ka hooholo i ka 1996. Marcos ia i kēia mau ana i ka Olelo Hoolaha o ka hele ana a hiki i ke kapikala no ke kūkala o ko lākou mau koi ma Ahaolelo. Ua hiki i ka uuku hookuuia o ke kaua, i hele mai i ka mea i loko o kekahi mau mahina. EZLN noi no e hele i Mexico City, pu ma ka poeikohoia o ka Komite International o ka Red kea, akā, i ke aupuni o lalo puʻe mai o ka hana ke kaiāulu a me ke koa ua wahi i kēia manawa kūpono. Fox Hoʻopiʻi akula nā guerrillas mea i ka mea, i ole ia he maikaʻi pane i ka paha hoomaka lakou a hōʻoki aku i ka withdrawal o poʻe hao wale, a me ka kala o ka poe pio, a me Marcos i hoopiiia no ka pelekikena ana ia ia wale hookohukohu iho la lakou hoihoi i ka manao paa o ka kaua ole e lawe maoli hoʻoholo no ka malu.

February 24, 2001 Zapatista hele ana ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma luna o ka hou a o ka confrontation. 15 lā ma hope o ka hoʻomaka 'ana, a hele aku ma mua o 3000 ei i loko o kaʻilihune mau mea o ka aina, i alakaʻiʻia e Subcomandante convoy hiki i ka wahi o El Zocalo i Mexico City. Kipi alakaʻi i kona manao, e noho i loko o ke kapikala a me ka apono ana o ka hale kanawai i hei ana kānāwai ma luna o ka haawi kū kaʻawale i na umi o ka miliona o Indians hai. Ma March 12, 'elele o ka EZLN paa i ka mea mua e halawai me ka Cocopa Komisina i mua i ke anaina kanaka o nā partisans a me na hoa o ka Mekiko Ahaolelo a me ka Aha Senate. Marcos aupuni i manaoia e hoonohonoho i ka halawai ma waena o ka poeikohoia o ka 10 poʻe kipi a me 10 nā kenekoa, akā, Subcomandante kū'ē'ē 'oe a koi i ka'aheʻeleleʻikeʻia ma mua o ka hālāwai o ka hale kanawai keʻena. I ka wa e kaawale aku o ka aelike, a, ma ka naʻe o ka ua hoʻohiki palapala hoike, Marcos palaka kūkala i kana olelo hooholo, e haʻalele i ke kapikala a me ka hoʻi a hiki i ka mauna o Chiapas.

Ka puʻe i kona kanawai, a me ka Peresidena Visente Foks hoʻoholo ihola eʻae i ka guerrillas, a pela i pale i ka hoi ana mai o ka Zapatistas, a makemake i ka hou stalemate i loko o ka maluhia kaʻina. Ke poo o ka moku'āina hai i ke kala o na mea a pau guerrillas hoopaaia e hookaawale ia poʻe hao wale, mai ka oihana mau kumu,ʻekolu i loko o ka breakaway aina, a ae mai la ia e ka ho'āʻo pono i kipi'aheʻelele i loaa ma Ahaolelo.

Iloko o ka Mokuna hālāwai paʻa ma luna o March 22, 2001, hale kanawai i aponoia (218 balota no, 210 e ku e, 7 abstentions) komo EZLN'aheʻelele. 28 March 23 insurgentsʻelele i nā kaua mua i loko o ka hale kanawai Mekiko, a olelo aku la, mai ka rostrum o "koa"ʻEsetera, he lâlâ 'o ke alakaʻi kālai'āina o EZLN. Ma hope o kona olelo ana i ka pale ana i na kuleana o ka 'ōiwi kanaka, ka mea i hai mai ia Miss Marsh i. Ka maluhia kaʻina laila, a me ka mea mua hui 'ma waena o nā guerrillas a me ke aupuni. Subcomandante Marcos, a me ka Zapatistas, apparently māʻona, March 30 hoi aku la i Chiapas.

Ke paio mau

I loko nō Media naʻi, 'ōiwi alakaʻi koi i i loaa i ka maikaʻi, kākoʻo. I o Aperila, i ka Senate a me ka Ahaolelo Lahui aponoia i ka palapala, a ua hoakaka no ka hoike o ka loli i ke Kumukanawai, e hoʻopaʻa ai nā kuleana o ka 'ōiwi kānaka, akā, he hoololi i ka palapala papahana kūpono kou kaupalena' San andresskie berita, a kauoha ae la i ka io naoh. Indigenous pūʻulu, ma ka hopena, hoomalau mai i ke kānāwai ma luna o nā pono a me ka moʻomeheu 'ōiwi o kanaka, aole ia i hoomakaukau maomeka e? Ii i kēia mau pono. No hoi, ua kaheaia ka Zapatistas outright kue i ke kikokikona, i aponoia e ke keʻena ma luna, e like me ka mea Aʻole 'ae' "ole iho,ʻaʻohe maoli kū kaʻawale." Subcomandante Marcos kūkala i ka EZLN e ole ka hoʻomau 'ana i mea kamaʻilio me ke aupuni, ke wehe' ia i ka 1996, a e hoʻomau i ke kaua.

Indigenous kanaka, 'imi naʻauao a me ka pūʻulu leftist Party o ke aupuniʻOiʻenehana, waiho oi ma mua o 300 lawsuits ku e maalo ae ma ka Ahaolelo i ke kānāwai, akā, ma September 2002 i hoomalau mai la lakou e ka Aha Kiekie.

Other paipai aʻo kai eʻe

Ma 'Aukake 2005, i loko o kona mua lehulehu hoakaka mai i ke kupulau o 2001 Marcos ma Chiapas hai kona manao ole e kākoʻo i kekahi o na moho no ke Keʻena Pelekikena i ka 2006 a me ka ikaika nema aku ia lakou, o ka oi aku i ka mua Mexico City Meia Manuel Lopez Obrador. Subcomandante hoi aku la ia i ka mai ana mai hoʻohui 'ana o ka Zapatista neʻeʻana i loko o ka Mekiko kālai'āina'ōnaehana, e lawe wahi ma ka paa ana o ka palahalaha hema alo. Ma ka lā mua o ka 2006 Marcos, i lilo ai i ka mokokailala huakaʻi a puni ka'āina i loko o kākoʻo o ka ai-kapaia "nā kai eʻe" e ho okumu i ka neʻe ana e hoohui mai ia i ka aina i ka 'ōiwi kānaka a me ia'ku pūʻulu no ka loli ma kela aoao o ka heihei. Ma hope o ke koho ana,ʻo ia kēlā wā i kēia wāʻikeʻia me ka mea e hiki mai ana hoike.

Comandante loa kauoha aku hookupaa iho la ia a me ka hoole ana ia Guillen.

Subcomandante Marcos:ʻike hoʻokumu

I ka luna o ka Zapatistas ua palapala oi ma mua o 200 (essay) a me nā moʻolelo, a ua paʻi 21 buke, i loko o ka mea ana i ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia i kona manaʻo politika a me philosophical wale. Na hana paʻiʻia ma lalo o ka inoa o Subcomandante Marcos - "Ka OtherʻOiʻenehana" (2008), «¡Ya Basta! He umi makahiki o ka Zapatista Uprising "(2004)," aʻe a me na pahikaua :. aoi o ka ZapatistaʻOiʻenehana "(2001), etc. I ia ka mea kākau 'Oi ka makemake i ka olelo, aʻaʻole pololei iho la ma ke ano o ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaʻao.

Regular hana, a ua paʻiʻia ma Subcomandante Marcos - "Ka Eha World War, i lilo ai" (2001). Ka mea kākau hele mai i kumuhana o Neo-liberalism a me ke kaʻa poepoeʻana. A kolu o ka honua kaua,ʻo ia ke aloha i ka Hawaii Kaua ma waena o capitalism a me ka socialism, a hahai ia - ma waena o ka nui kālā-oaio? A.

Subcomandante Marcos, kona puke i kākau i loko o ka allegorical, ironic a me ka pilialoha ala, no laila, e ua ho'āʻo e neʻe aku, mai ka ola kulana oia wehewehe. Ma kekahi hihia, kela mea keia mea o kana mau hana poʻe hahai iā i kekahi Pahuhopu, a hōʻoia ana i ka inoa o ka puke "Our hua'ōlelo - mākou mea kaua" (2002), i ka ohi ana o 'atikala, poem, olelo a me ka palapala.

Subcomandante Marcos: nā kaha puana'ī

Kekahi o na inoa o ka pepa (essay) i ka 1992, ua like penei:

"Kēia mokuna e haʻi ana i ka lokomaikai kiekie aupuni i pili e pili ana i ka ilihune o ka 'ōiwi kanaka o Chiapas, a me ka mea, ua kukulu hotel, na halepaahao, Barracks, a he koa international airport. pehea ka holoholona i hanai i ke koko o ka poe kanaka o, e like me nā ulia pakalaki a me nā pōʻino i hana 'ia ... A lima o ka poʻe, kekahi o i mea na Mekiko moku'āina o Chiapas waihona a pau ka waiwai i loko o kūkaʻi no ka haalele i ko lakou make a me ka niho Trail pono ai nō hoʻi. "

An excerpt mai o ka puke "Ka Eha World War, hoomaka ae la":

"Ma ka pau ana o ka hou anuanu War, capitalism i hana i ka oihana koa, weliweli - ka neutron pōkā pahū, he mea e pepehi i ke ola i ka wa e waiho ana me kōna hale. Iloko o ka Eha World War, nae, loaa i ka hou mana mea pepehi - ke kālā pōkā pahū. Akä naÿe, kulu ma Hiroshima a me Nagasaki, ka mea pepehi i wale i ke kulanakauhale, hoʻouna ka make, weliweli a me ka hoomanawanui ana o ka poe e noho ana i loko o ia mau mea, akā, i huli mai kona pahu hopu i loko o kekahi hapa o ka Puzzle o oicyenoaaiiie ke kaʻa poepoeʻana. "