Tetanus: symptoms i loko o nā keiki. Na hoailona a me tetanus pathogens. Kāohiʻana a me ka hana

Tetanus - he maʻi ia i uaʻikeʻia hope o ka wa kahiko. Kaulana kauka Hippocrates ma ka 5th kenekulia BC, i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o au mamuli o ka symptoms. Akā, nui i kela kanaka keia kanaka i ka mihi, tetanus kumuhana koe pili i keia la o ka honua. Kēia mea ma muli o ia ka helu nui o ka make no keia maʻi. 'Ikepili helu hōʻike i kela makahiki, mai tetanus make ma kahi o 160 tausani kanaka i loko o ke ao nei.

pōkole hōʻikeʻano o ka

Tetanus mea he nui infectious maʻi. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma ka auaaeaiea o lethal toxin a me ka pono kokololio lapaʻau papa. I mea e e hiki ke maopopo pono aku i ka pau pilikia o ka muli o kēia maʻi, ka mea, ke kala i ka i 'ike i 30-50% o nā mea maʻi make. Mawaena o lakou i ka poe i ua vaccinated ku e tetanus. Ma'āina me ka nawaliwali lapaau, keia huahelu hiki 85-90%. Tetanus ke kumu i ka nui hana o microorganisms komo i loko o ke kino ma eha a me ka 'ē aʻe ili poho. Ka loa kūpono mea no ia e hoʻonui - i ka wela a me ka humid 'ia. No ka mea, ka hapanui o nā mea a pau make hoʻopaʻa mai tetanus i hanaia i loko o iiaciiie-Saharan Africa'āina, Asia a me ka Roma Amerika. Akā, i loko o ka Europa, aina kŘpa a affluent mai o ka maʻi i kela makahiki na tausani o ka poʻe make. Ma keia kumu, ua hiki ole ke olelo i na noho o ka oi makaainana wahi mea pakele.

Ke causative Agena o ka tetanus

Tetanus pathogens nā 'elele Bacillaceaeʻohana. Ma ke ano o ka noho ana o ko lākou nā'ōlelo lŘlŘ i ka holoholona a me kanaka liʻiliʻi. Naʻe, ka mea e mai i loa ole ia ia ka poino. I ka manawa o ko lākou pōkole i loko o ka eha, a me na kumu o ka loa muli o ka oxygen, mau malie bacilli lilo loa ke alo. Ua lŘlŘ mumulu mai koho o ka toxin i mea i waena o ka ikaika mea koʻohune toxins. Kā lākou keiki i loa kokololio, e like me ka ulu ana o ka maʻi i kapaia tetanus. Symptoms i na keiki i kekahi manawa i ka malamaia i loko o kekahi mau hola ma hope maʻiʻaʻai. konohiki o ka neoneo huahana i ka ia manawa, ua pau loa ia hewa ole ina ale, no ka mea, ka mea e ole ke kemu ma ka mucousʻili lahilahi. Akā, i ka wā paio hahana maoli nō paha ma lalo o ka aoao o ultraviolet kukuna, ka mea, koke make.

Pehea i iho mailoko me tetanus?

Ke kupono o ka pakui ia lŘlŘ ka wā he mea ino a poho i kaʻili a me mucous membranes. Ka loa paʻakikī i loko o kēia hana i ka nui hohonu o ke oki eha, no ka mea, ua hana ia maikaʻi no ka hooulu ana i nā palapala microorganisms ana. Nō hoʻi, ho'ā hope o ka maʻiʻaʻai ke'ākoʻakoʻa me'ā, frostbite a me ka hoʻoʻino maʻi. A keiki kamaiki ke kiʻi tetanus ma ka piko, ina mea iʻokiʻino waleʻia maila kani.

Causative konohiki o kēia maʻi i ou wahi lihi iki ma ka maoli. Ka mea, e:

• i loko o ka hale o ka lepo;
• honua;
• paakai a me ka wai;
• faeces o ka hapanui o nā holoholona.

Spores a vegetative bacillus tetanus hoʻonohonohoʻia i loaʻa i loko o ke kanaka liʻiliʻi.

I ka nui o ka pā lonoaʻili i ka maʻi ka loa kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā mea a pau makahiki pūʻulu, akā, ka hapanui o na keiki i ka maʻi ua kākauʻia i loko 3-7 makahiki.

He aha ka mea i ka incubation au mea tetanus?

Pehea na hoikeia tetanus? Incubation o ka maʻi i he okoa wā o ka manawa - mai 1-2 lā i ka 2 mahina. Ma keia hihia, no ka awelika - 1-2 pule. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka incubation wā, ka oolea o ka maʻi hilinaʻi nui ma luna o: ka mea, ua uuku ma mua, i ka paʻakikī e e manawa kūpono nui o ka mai a me ka make.

I keia manawa, i ka anal o koʻohune i loko o ka moʻomeheu meakino a me kā lākou'ōlelo huli no. Ua Ua pu ma ke kala ana o ka make toxin. Nā mea maʻi i loko o kēia wā e hai i ke alo o ke kēia mau symptoms:

• headache;
• sweating;
• Muscle hoʻopilikia;
• ka mahuahua nui o ka irritability;
• ole;
• Kanikani'āʻula a me nā neuropsychiatric kāna hana.

Ka lapaʻau kiʻi, a me ka mua symptoms o ka maʻi

Hoouka kaua ana o ka maʻi i loko o ka hapanui o na mea huʻi. I kāinoaʻia hihia uuku i pohihihi keia prodromal wā. Ua Ua kāheaʻia ma ka kēia symptoms:

• malaise;
• headaches;
• ka moku'āina o stress a me ka Muscle contraction, kahi i hoehaia a me ka hoʻomōhala ana i tetanus.

Ke mua na hoailona ma ka hapanui o na hihia - ua hāmauʻana nagging kaʻeha ma ka eha paena, a hiki ina ka mea, ua ho'ōlaʻia. Mawaena o ka mea mua ho'ākāka hoailona o ka maʻi, i ka helehelena o ka mea i hōʻike i ka tetanus no:

• hoike ana lockjaw (spasmodic contraction) masticatory nāʻiʻo i ke kumu wehe i ka waha;
• ke alo aku o ka sardonic minoʻaka, no ka mea, o i ka 'aoʻao o ua hana maliciously hoomaewaewa (hoʻokuʻemaka, hoemiia maka, elongated lehelehe i loko o ka minoʻaka);
• hoike ana o ka dysphagia (moni 'ia pilikia), i ke kumu o ka a mea he convulsive spasm o na nāʻiʻo o ka pharynx;
• 'ā'īʻoʻoleʻa nāʻiʻo.

Ke alo aku o ka mua 3 wale symptoms typical no tetanus.

Ano hiʻona o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka tetanus

Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi - 8-12 lā. I loa ano, ka mea maoli he ma 2-3 manawa. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o kēia pae o ka maʻi hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka penei aʻe:

• ka mämä holo o ka lapaau ana i ka kauka;
• ke alo a kaawale o ka vaccination;
• loa o ka ili ka pōʻino.

Ma kēia kahua, pinepine 'akomi i tetanus. Symptoms o na kēia mau keiki:

• convulsive contraction o lehalehu t nāʻiʻo, helehelena ano minoʻaka;
• paʻakikī e ale ai;
• na nāʻiʻo o na lala a me abdomen loa Makamae;
• ola convulsions;
• nui sweating;
• maʻi Kanikani'āʻula;
• apnea, cyanosis; asphyxia;
• kue urethral a me ke koko holo kaʻina;
• he nui e hoea ma ana wela.

I ka ua ole he pana e ku e tetanus, i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka make o ka spasm o naehana nāʻiʻo a me lōlō o ka naau Muscle. Nō hoʻi i waena o ka loa e like me ka kumu o ka make nui loa wahi e pili ana i ka myocardial infarction, sepsis, embolism a me ka pneumonia.

Tetanus i loko o nā pēpē i

I ka wa e hele mai ai i keiki na keiki, i ka papa o ka maʻi i ka loa pilikia, a me kaʻaneʻane 100% o ka hihia, he mea make. No keiki ka mea ano hiʻona o ka shape no na maʻi like tetanus. Ka mua hoailona - ia ka uunu nui, tremors o ka chin, he 'aʻe' ana o moni 'ia a me ka omo reflex. Ma hope o ia, ke Muscle spasm o ka ai a me ka mau convulsions. Pinepine, nā pēpē i make i loko o ka hora mua ma hope o ka hoouka kaua ana o ka maʻi.

ke ola au

Inā ua hōʻike manawa ola ka poe e hana keiki i tetanus na makua, lapaau ia lŘlŘ i nā a ma manawa i nā symptoms o ka maʻi nalo. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o kēia kahua ihoiho 2 mahina. Ma keia manawa, ke keiki ua loa olohelohe ia lakou i ka pilikia o keʻano o nā complications. No laila, ana ka mālamaʻana o kona kulana.

Ma hope o ke ola, ma laila e e koena symptoms a i malama i ka manawa iʻano lōʻihi o ka manawa. Mau nā Muscle oolea, mau nawaliwali etc.

ano o ka maʻi

By umekaumaha, he mea malamalama, a me ka lōpū loa ano o tetanus.

Mehana palapala ka'āina pohihihi keia. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka incubation au mea 14-20 lā, a me ka hooulu ana o symptoms ia lŘlŘ no 5-6 lā. Ua Ua wehewehe aku e:

• nawaliwali 'aoʻao, he pono ole tetanic spasms (a me ka emi ana);
• kūloko convulsive manuʻuʻana o nāʻiʻo (tetanus symptoms i loko o kaʻeha a me kona kaiāulu);
• bland Muscle hypertonicity ;
• i ole wahi olelo o ka dysphagia a me ka tachycardia;
• maʻamau a haʻahaʻa-kaha kuni.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano o lōpū ano o ka tetanus:

• Ka incubation au - 15-20 lā;
• ka hooulu ana o ka 'ōlelo' ia paha o nā symptoms - 3-4 lā;
• lōpū oolea o nā symptoms o ka maʻi;
• i ka wa e kaawale aku o asphyxia a me ka moni 'ia pilikia.

Loa wehewehe aku pono pōkole incubation au - 7-14 lā. Ma keia hihia, i loko o 1-2 lā e hoʻomōhala ana i tetanus. Symptoms i na keiki e akaka no he maopopo. Akā, complications mea hooweliweli i ka ola o ke keiki, he mea IeAUPIIe, IAa IO pohihihi keia.

lapaʻau o tetanus

Koi hookahua haawi ma ka haukapila ke keiki me kēia tetanus. Iapaau ana o ka lahui pilikia pepa ua lawe mai ma hope o ka noi komo 'ana i ka mālama nui Inc.

Pono ana ua wahi iho laʻoki kino, oiai i ka excision ua lawe mai ka pōʻino mai'aʻaʻa a me ka wehe 'ana o na kino.

E hoʻopau i ka vegetative ano o ka tetanus bacillus me ka necrotic'aʻaʻa me ka mākaʻi antibiotic Inc. Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, ka mea, ua lawe mai i loko o ka papa o ka hookohu a nui nā māhele o ka penicillin intravenously. Ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka Inc no ma ka liʻiliʻi 10 lā. Ma ka hihia o untreated ka pahu kui penicillin lawelawe tetanus, oia hoi o ka tetracycline.

Iapaau ana o ka maʻi keiki ua lawe mai me ke kōkua o nā ho'ākāka 'ia i kanaka immunoglobulin. Ua Ua lawelawe intramuscularly. Ma ia laua me ka hana subcutaneous hooponopono o tetanus toxoid ekolu manawa. I ka wā mawaena ma waena o injections mea 5-7 lā.

I mea e kōkua ai i ke keiki i ka kanawai, ka mea, ua hoakaka maluhia a me ka noho mālie. Eia hou, aia no he symptomatic lapaʻau, i loli ai pehea ka i loaa mai tetanus. Symptoms i na keiki i eliminated me na kēia mau hana:

• 'ōwili lapaʻau;
• emi o ke kāʻili 'ana i ka hana;
• Kāohiʻana o ka sepsis a me ka pneumonia;
• hou i loko o akemāmā hoʻokomo ea;
• anesthesia.

Kāohiʻana o ka tetanus

Ma muli o ka nui, e hoike ana ia mea i ka ona e maʻi, kāohi ana e loa nui. Ka mea, he hoʻonui i ka nui ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka helu ana o Episode o ka maʻi, kōkua i ka papa a me ka hopena o tetanus. Kāohi ana i kekahi a me ka nonspecific.

Ole-kekahi 'ano o ka maʻi Kāohiʻana o ka hanana i na keiki mea e hooponopono i na kēia mau hana:

• ana o ka sterility i ka hana a me ka hana;
• scrupulous obrabatyvaniyaʻeha a kūkā iho lawe mai ka hoʻohana 'ana antiseptics.

I Kekahi Mau Kāohi tetanus hana? Oaony a me ka pilikia. I ka papa kuhikuhiE manao o ka i mea ka laʻau koʻokoʻo ma luna o tetanus, - i ka hanaia'na o ke pilikino e hoʻonele a me immunological iaiyoe. Vaccination o nā keiki ua lawe mai e like me ka lā 'alemanaka mai o ka vaccination - 3 manawa ma hope o ke kolu o ka malama o ke ola, a me ka booster 1-1.5 makahiki.

Ka laʻau koʻokoʻo ma luna o tetanus no na keiki, aole ia i kumu hoʻomalu i ke alo o ka paakiki e hoʻonele i ka pathogen o ka maʻi. It wale kākoʻo i kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana a kōkua i ka lanakila i ka tetanus bacillus, loaʻa iā ia iho i loko o ke kino.