"Toyota" - nā hi'ohi'ona o ka "Corolla" series (10 mau hanauna)

'O Toyota Corolla - kekahi o nā hō'ailona kahiko loa ma ka papahana hanahana o ka'oihana ka'a ka'a o Iapana. He'umi mau hanauna kēia mīkini a ua hana'ia a hiki i kēia lā.

Ua ho'iho'i'ia nā'ano mua o Toyota Corolla i nā makahiki 60. A pono e ho'omaopopo'ia no ka manawa a pau'ole i ho'ololi'ia ka inoa o ke ka'a. Ho'opili nā mea hana i ka ho'omaika'i'ana i nā'ano loea, ho'onui i ka hana a me waho. A'o kēia ke alaka'i'ana i ka'oia'i'o he 50 mau makahiki ma hope (i ka makahiki 2013) ua'ike ka mālamalama i kahi hō'ailona hou o ka Toyota Corolla E160 11 mau hanauna, a he mea pono ke'ike, e hana'ia ana i kēia manawa.

I ka hala'ana o nā makahiki, ua hō'oia ka maika'i o ka maika'i o ka hō'ailona Iāpana ma ke'ano maika'i, no laila, ua hiki ke kū'ai'ia i kahi ki'eki'e o 40 miliona mau pūnaewele. I kēia manawa, hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo aku e alaka'i pono kēia ka'a i ke kālepa a'o ia ka mea kū'ai maika'i loa ma nā'āina a pau o ka honua.

Ma ka mo'olelo e nānā mākou i ka mo'olelo o Toyota brand, nā hi'ohi'ona i hana'ia i ka wā o kāna hana, ho'opūkino i nā hi'ohi'ona a me nā'ano loea.

Kekahi hanauna - 60s

Ka hoʻomaka o ka mōʻaukala o nā kaʻa hao chinatown hoomaka i ka 1966. 'O ia ka manawa i hō'ulu'ulu'ia ai ka papahana mua'o E10. He hale ka'a ma'amau'ole ia, he mea kūpono'ole, akā he hana pono. 'O kēia "Toyota" (nā hi'ohi'ona i kēlā manawa he mea ma'amau) i hua'ia me ke'ano o ke kino: ke kīpeka, ka sedan a me ka ka'a.

Ho'okumu'ia ka mīkini me ka engine, a'o ia ka hopena he 1.1-1.2 lita. Ua pi'i ka mana mai ka 60 a 78 i ka liopower. Ua pani 'ia ka leka uila ma'amau i kekahi mau hi'ohi'ona e kahi paipili lua.

'O ka hui o ka hanauna mua,'o Toyota Corolla E10 ka ho'omau'ana no nā makahiki 4, a ua kū'ai'ia aku ma'Amelika, Iāpana a me'Asuria.

'O Toyota Corolla i nā makahiki 70

Ua ho'omana'o'ia kēia mau makahiki ma muli o ka hala'ana o nā makahiki he'elua a'elua hanauna o E20 a me E30. He hana nui nui kēia no Toyota Motor Corporation, no ka mea,'oiai lākou e mālama ana i nā kumu kū'ai he nui, hiki iā lākou ke ho'omau i ka hana'ana o ka Corolla.

Hō'ike nā polokalamu Toyota i nā mea'ē a'e. He'oko'a ka E20 i ka hanauna mua e lohi ana (900 kg) a me ke'ano o ke kino, i loa'a ai ka'olu'olu. Eia kekahi, ua ho'onui'ia ka engine 8-valve, no laila ua ho'onui'ia kona leo mai 1.2 liters i 1.6 liters. No laila, nui ka mana, a hiki i 115 mau liopower. Ua mea ma luna o kēia kumu hoʻohālike no ka manawa mua loa i hoʻokumu i ka Anati-'ōwili laau ki, a nui hou i nā 'ano o ka wehe'. He mea pono ke ho'olohe i ka pahu pahu: ua lilo ka'ula'ula i mea hui, a'o ka mechanical kekahi he'elima mau holo.

Ua ho'oku'u'ia'o "Corolla E30" i ka makahiki 1974. 'A'ole i ho'ololi'ia nā ho'ololi kūikawā i ka ka'a, akā, ua ho'olahalaha'ia ka huila a me kekahi kino'u'uku. Eia na'e, ua ho'omaka mua'ia kēia ho'olālā i ka lawe'ana aku i'Eulopa, kahi i'ike koke'ia ai e nā mea ho'okele ka'a.

'O Toyota Corolla i nā makahiki 80

No kēia makahiki he'umi, ua ho'oku'u'ia e ka hui kehā, ka lima a me ke ono o ka hanauna o Toyota ka'a. Ua'ano'ē loa nā'ano a me nā kumukū'ai mai nā mea kahiko.

Ua ho'omana'o'ia'o Toyota Corolla E70 e ka nui o nā'ano'oko'a o ke kino. Ua'oi aku ka nui o nā pani puka, kahi'oihana, ka'a, a pēlā aku. Ua hau'oli nā ka'a ka'a i nā palena o ke ka'a, no kēia'enehana diesel a me kahi lime 1.8 i ho'okumu'ia no ka manawa mua. 'A'ole hiki iā'oe ke noho mālie e pili ana i ka nui: ua pi'i ka lō'ihi i 4 mau mika.

Ua'ike'ia'o Toyota Corolla E80 i ka makahiki 1983. Ke hō'ike'ia nei kēia pā'ani e kahi kuapoho. Ma muli o ka mea'o ia ka wili hui mua, hiki iā ia ke ho'oku'u i kahi o nā ka'a ka'a.

I ka makahiki 1987, ua ho'okomo'ia'o Corolla i ka'eha hou o ka E90. He 4326 m ka lō'ihi, ke'ano "ka'a" a me ka moku i ho'oikaika'ia me kahi pulupili ma luna o ka 4A-GZE. 'O ia ma kēia ke'oko'a i hiki i ka mea hana ke ha'alele pono i ka ho'olālā ho'okele ka'a hope.

I kēia manawa, kū'ai'ia nā ka'a o kēia hanauna no nā $ 1000-2000.

'O Toyota Corolla i nā makahiki he 90

'O Toyota,'o ka E100 a me ka E110 e pili ana i ka 7 a me ka 8 o nā hanauna, a i nā makahiki he 90 e ho'omau lākou i ka hana'ana i ka pū'ulu Corolla. I ka makahiki 1991, ua'ike ka mālamalama i kahi ka'a hou me kahi'ōmole a puni, ua lō'ihi ka lō'ihi. Ua loa'a i ka model E100 ka makana ADAC a kapa'ia'o ia ka mea kūpono loa a palekana.

I ka makahiki 1995, ua kū'ē ka papa'ewalu o ka mīkini E110. Eia na'e, i ka makahiki 1999, ua ho'omaha ka ka'a a me kekahi mau hana hou. He mea kūpono kēia, no laila hiki ke'ike pinepine'ia kēia hanauna ma nā alanui a ma kēia manawa. 'O ke kumukū'ai no ka ka'a he 6000 mau kālā.

'O Toyota Corolla (1999-2006)

'O ke kū i waho o Corolla i ka'ike a me kona mau makahiki he mea hou. Ma hope o ka ho'omaha'ana, ua nalowale nā kukui ākea o ke po'okela. Ua ho'ohui'ia lākou i kahi'ā'ā. Hiki ke nānā aku i nā hō'ailona o ka huli mua, e kau'ia ma ke kī o nā'ēheu. 'O ka ho'olālā'ana o ke ka'a, e like me nā hi'ohi'ona a pau o ka mea hana Kepanī o ia wā, ua mālie a mālama'ia.

I ka nānā'ana i ka'ike, "nui ke'ano" Toyota "(Model E120, E140). Ke pi'i wikiwiki nei ka laina aniani e pi'i ana i ke ki'i. Pono e ho'omaopopo'ia ua ho'oka'awale'ia nā mea ho'olālā o kēia hanauna mai ke'ano o ka pahuhopu i ka puka komo he'elima, eia wale nō he kino pale. He nui ka nui o ka pale i loko o ke kumu. Akā, nānā nā mea like'ole. Ma hope o waho o ke ka'a e kāko'o ana i nā fiber opics nui. A me kēlā me kēia ʻano o ke kino ka mea, pono'ī.

Inā mākou e kama'ilio e pili ana i ka lola, a laila, i ka mea Iapana e maika'i a maika'i loa. He'ike pono ka papa hana, hā'awi'ia nā po'omana'o ākea i ka mea ho'okele i ka nui o ka'ike e pono ai. Hiki ke huli i ka mea ho'okele i ka mea ho'okele, i mea maika'i loa i ka ho'ohana'ana. Ma waho o waho, ua mālama pono'ia ka hale, akā ua kūpa'a a pa'akikī. 'O ke kikowaena o ka ka'a, e nānā nui loa ana, e like me kēia, ke kūpono i nā mea nui.

'O ka māhele 9 a me ka 10 hanauna

Machines ke koʻokoʻo ma kakolina mana huahelu 1400 a me ka 1600 knm ^3, e like me 1300 CC dvenadtsatiklapannikom. Loa'a nā pahu makela,'a'ole i ho'ohana nui'ia. Ho'ohālikelike'ia kēlā me kēia pūnaewele i kahi hō'ailona kūpono o ka lila lila. E hiki iā lākou ke hana me ka ho'ohana'ana i nā po'o 16-valve o ka hui. Mahalo i ka pūnaewele ho'olaha "toyotovskaya" VVT-I, i ho'okomo'ia ma nā ka'a a pau ma hope o ka ho'omaha'ana, hō'ike lākou i ka pono kūpono o ka pono. Ua ho'olako'ia lākou me ka lawe pū'ana a me ka ho'oili'ana i ka'elima mau holo. Eia na'e, ma lalo o ke kauoha no ka puka puka'ekolu e hiki ai ke ho'okomo i kahi ne'eka'eono.

A me ka mua a me ka hope o ka mīkini -independent wehe ana o na huila, a ua lako pono me ka stabilizer kaola. A he mau waiwai nui nā kumuhana a pau ma nā alanui'ino. Aia ka mīkini i kahi ko'i a me ke po'o pinion, kahi i ho'olako'ia me ka ho'ouka hydraulic i kekahi ho'onohonoho. Ma luna o ka axle mua ke kau'ia nā mechanical disc brake, a ma hope - pahu, akā i kekahi manawa he mau disaka. I ka hopena hope, ua lako nā ka'a i kahi pūnaewele anti-loka,'o ia ka mea nui e kōkua ai i nā kūlana ko'iko'i.