Women ka battalion o ka make i loko o ka First World War. I ka moolelo o na wahine ka battalion

Women ka Make Battalion ma World War I (kiʻi i loaʻa i loko o ka 'atikala), ua ma ka behest o ke Aupuni Kūikawā. Kekahi o na kumu nui initiators o kona hanaia'na ua M. Bochkarev. Women ka battalion o ka make i loko o ka First World War i hanaia e hoala mai i ka morale o na koa, na kanaka ka poe i hoole i ka hele i ka mua.

Maria Bochkareva

Mai 1914, oia ua ma ke alo a me ke ano o ka non-Komikina'Āina luna i loaa mai ai i ka lani kiekie loa ka hoʻonā 'ana. Ma muli o ia kā lākou heroism ma 1917 la Maria Bochkareva lilo he kaulana. I hiki ai i loko o Aperila a hiki i ka Western Front Rodzyanko loaʻa kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino halawai me ia, a laila, lawe ae la oia me ia i Petrograd no campaigning no ke kaua "a lanakila" i loko o ka pā kaua poʻe kaua, a me nāʻelele o ka Ahaolelo o ka Petrograd Soviet. Ma kana olelo ana Bochkareva i aku i ka hāpai 'ana i lilo i ka wahine ka battalion o ka make. I ke kaua, i iho la ia, ia mea i ke kahua ua loa pono. Ma hope iho o ia mea, i kono e olelo ma ka halawai o ka Aupuni Kūikawā.

Ka Ike ho okumu pa alima

Iloko o ka First World wahine o nā makahiki a pau, - schoolgirl, kaikamahine no nā haumāna a me nā 'elele o ka' ē aʻe nāʻoihana o ke kaiāulu - hele makemake i ke alo. Ka "Bulletin o ka Red kea" i ka 1915, ua i ka moʻolelo o ka 12 kaikamahine, ae paio ana i loko o ka Carpathians. Ka mea, he 14-16 makahiki kahiko. Ma na kaua mua o na schoolgirls elua i make a me 4 i eha. Koa i loko o ka Makua, e pili ana i na kaikamahine. Ka mea, i ia i kekahi palapala, ao mai la ka pana, a laila, kākau ia ma lalo o kane inoa e like me ke ano a me ka waihona. Aha i na wahine a pau i maikai-nana aku, opiopio, waiwai a hanohano o kona maka, e plunge i loko o ka oihana koa oaeouee? Palapala a me nā Memories kuhikuhi i na kumu. Pookela mawaena o lakou, o ka papa, ua he patriotic impulse. He uhi a pau Lūkini lehulehu. Mea hoohalike o ka patriotism a me ka hana i alakai i na wahine, e hoʻololi i kā lākou leo hone lol; maʻaʻahu aliʻi a me ka aahu la ia i kahu. Like nui ua a me ka 'ohana ka noho ana. Kekahi wahine i hele i ke alo o ka lakou poe kane, na mea e ae, ke aʻo 'ana e pili ana i ko laua make ana, hui ae la lakou i ka poʻe kaua o ka poe koa o ka hoopai. A kūlana kūikawā i hoʻokaniʻia a me ka ulu i ka neʻeʻana i like nā pono kīvila a me na kanaka. Hoʻokahuli aupuni 1917 Ua haawiia mai nui o ka uku no ka wahine. Ka mea loaa i ka'ōnaehana hoʻokoho a me nā pono kīvila. A pau o keia i ka pilina i kauoha i nā koa ', a oia loa o na wahine. Ma ke kupulau a me ke kauwela o 1917, hoomaka ae la e lilo kekahi hapa o ka mea a pau aupuni. Ua mai i ka inoa, ka mea, ua maopopo i ka mea a na wahine i ka battalion o ka make. Ma ka First World War, na wahine, ua makaukau, e haawi aku i ko lakou mau ola no ko lakou aupuni. Ma hoopii Botchkareva pane i kekahi 2,000 kaikamahine. Eia naʻe, wale 300 o ia i kohoʻia i loko o ka wahine o ka battalion o ka make. Ma World War I, "hawewe lākou poʻe kaua" hoike mai i ka mea, e hiki hoi Lūkini kaikamahine. Lākou heroism, iʻaʻa ka mea, a pau na koa komo i loko o ke kaua.

Women ka Battalion o ka Make: ka moʻolelo o ka honua nei

Batalyon i hana i loko o ka kŘpa a pōkole manawa. I ka 1917, June 21, ma St. Isaac ka Hale Pule Nui ma ka hālāwai kūikawā i paʻa ma luna o ka hale ma. Ua loaa i ka oihana ho okumu hou o ka keʻokeʻo hae. Lune 29 apono ia i ka hooponopono. Ua hoʻokau He kaʻina hana no ke kahua o ke koa huahelu o ka wahine nāʻaʻa. Kākau i ka moʻo o ka "hawewe troopers" 'elele o kekahi mau nāʻoihana o ke kaiāulu. No ka mea he nui, ka mea adjutant Botchkareva ua 25-makahiki-kahiko loa ka kaikamahine a Maria Skrydlova, Ua loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' ana o ka maikai a me ka ike elima 'ōlelo a pau.

Women ka Make Battalion i loko o ke Kaua Honua oia o na wahine e lawelawe i loko o frontline huahelu, a me ka ano o kanaka o. Mawaena o ka mea hope, he noblewomen, hana, kumu kula, nā haumāna kaikamahine. Simple kua'āina kauwa kaikamahine o ke kaulana aliʻi ohana, koa ka wahine, Cossacks - ka mea, a he nui wale i ka hele, e hookauwa aku i loko o ka wahine o ka battalion o ka make. Mōʻaukala no ka hanaia'na o ka Botchkareva hoomaka i ka pilikia manawa. Naʻe, i kēia i ka impetus e hui pu iho la me ka hui o nā koa a me nā kaikamāhine i loko o nā kūlanakauhale. Holo nōhie, ma ka hua'ōlelo o Lūkini wahine komo. Naʻe, ka mea, ua hiki i ka halawai a me ka poeikohoia o nā nationalities. Penei, e like me ka palapala, Estonians, Lakawia, Iudaio, a hele aku la e lawelawe i loko o ka wahine o ka battalion o ka make.

Mōʻaukala o na huahelu Hōʻike he kiʻekiʻe patriotism o ka maikai ke keka. Part hoomaka ae la e hana ma Kiev, Smolensk, Kharkov, Mariupol, Baku, Irkutsk, Odessa, Poltava, Vyatka a me na kulanakauhale e ae. E like me na kumu, he puu o ke kaikamahine pono kakauinoaia i no ka mea mua wahine ka battalion o ka make. Ma World War I koa naehana i ka heluna kanaka o ka ma waena o 250 a me 1,500 kanaka. Ma October 1917 ka mea i hana: Hawaii hui, Minsk sentry paukū, Petrograd lio Regiment, e like me ka First Petrograd, Moscow Elua, Ekolu Cuban wahine ka battalion o ka make. Ma World War I (mōʻaukala hoike i keia) komo wale i ka hope ekolu 'iniha, kapuaʻi. Naʻe, a me ka mea e māhuahua kaʻina o ka make ana o ka Russian aupuni a pau, i ke kahua o nā māhele i ole, ua pau.

lehulehu kino i ka

Solntseva kakaolelo Russian kakau iho la oia i ka Soviets me ka hū o ka poe koa, e negatively ike na wahine ka battalion o ka make. Ma World War II, nae, ua i ka mea he kūlana he nui. Eia naʻe, he nui veterans loa unflattering loa e pili ana i na kaikamahine. I kakahiaka nui o Iulai, i ka Petrograd Soviet koi e disband a pau battalions. I mai la i ka hapa o ka "ukele o no ka hana". Eia hou, i ka Petrograd Soviet nānā i ke kahua o kēia mau pūʻulu like me ka "huna bourgeoisʻoihana kaʻa" like me ka makemake, e lawe mai i ke kaua, e lanakila.

Women ka battalion o ka make i loko o ka First World War: Hawaii photo, hana

Ma o ka poʻe kaua o ka Botchkareva hikiʻo ia ma luna o ka 27th June 1917. pa alima helu ua 200 kanaka. Female make battalion hiki i ka hope loa o ka mua Siberian mau pūʻali 10th ke koa ma ka Western Front. Ma ka 9th o Iulai kūpono 'i hoomakaukau. Ke 7th Infantry Regiment, a komo i ka wahine ka battalion o ka make, komo i ke kauoha. i He e lawe i ka oihana i loko o Kreva. Ma ka pūhaka akau o ka regiment ua he kŰia troopers battalion. Ka mea mua i komo i ka hoʻoweliweli e like me ka enemi, ka mea i ike e pili ana i na mea kuka o ka Lūkini kaua, hoopai he preemptive hahau, hele aku la i ka wahi o ko mākou poʻe kaua.

I ka 14 o kaʻenemi kaua i hoʻopaʻa 'ia ma luna o nā lāʻekolu. Kekahi mau manawa iloko o keia manawa o ka battalion hana me counterattacks. E like me ka hopena, i kipakuia mai na koa Kelemānia, mai na kulana e ku i ka lā ma mua. Ma kana hoike i Colonel Zakrzewski i kākau i ka naʻauao heroically wahine ka make battalion ma World War, i mau i ka mua. Girls ua mālama iā like pono me ka poe koa, a me ka ia. A hiki aku na kēia kanaka Kelemānia pepehi, ka mea, a pau ia i hoounaia'ku ai i ke eea, hele aku la i loko oʻimi loa i ka lewa, pń halihali nā papahu. Women ka battalion o ka make i loko o ka First World War ua he laʻana o ke koa, calmness a me ka ikaika. Kēlā me kēia no kēia mau heroines o nā kaikamahine pono o ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ano o ke koa Lūkini hoʻokahuli aupuni kaua. E like me ia i hoike Bochkareva o 170 na wahine koa, ka poe i kuleana i loko o ke kaua, ua make 30 kanaka, a ma kahi o 70 eha. Ua Ua pana Elima oʻu hahau ana e iho. Ma hope o ka mahina, a me ka hapalua Bochkareva kaua i loko o ka haukapila. No ka komo i loko o nā kaua a me ka heroism, ia ia i hookoia ke ano o ka lua o ka lutanela.

Ka hopena o ka poho

Aie i ka helu nui o ka poe make, a eha ma ke kaua o kaikamahine, General Kornilov, oia kakau inoa i ka mea ana paha ma ke kahua o ka hou make kauna e komo 'ana i loko o ke kaua. Na kauoha hāʻawi wale i kākoʻo kuleana pili i. Ma kekahi, ua aoia mai la lakou e hoomakaukau i mālama 'ia hoʻi, ka mākau hoʻokaʻaʻike, hana like hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā pūʻulu. E like me ka hopena, he nui na wahine-nāʻaʻa ka poe i makemake e kaua aku no kā lākou mau'āina a me na mea kaua, ua waiho aku hoi i ka palapala noi, i pihaʻi me ke noi e hoʻihoʻi iā lākou, mai ka make paukū.

koʻikoʻi

Ua ua uaua nui iho la ia. Women ka Make Battalion i loko o ke Kaua Honua I hoike wale i laʻana o ka ikaika a me ka patriotism ole. Ke kumu o na loina i kukalaia ai:

• Mea pōmaikaʻi, ke ku okoa ana a me ka hanohano o ka motherland.
• Ka naueue ole a me ka naueue ole o ka manaoio a me ka uhane.
• Speed, perseverance, pololei a me ka miomio i loko o ka hooko ana o ke kauoha.
• Nui e pili ana i ka hana ma luna o ka mua a me ka laina impeccable honesty.
• Hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ka lokomaikai, friendliness, lokomaikai, ka hoihoi.
• Mai maliu nā kanaka i ka manaʻo.
• Trust i loko o kekahi i kekahi.
• Hanohano.

Noonoo unacceptable pilikino animosity a me ka hakaka.

maikaʻi, ao ke ano

Women ka battalion o ka make i loko o ka First World,ʻaʻole wale komo i loko o nā kaua. "Nā wāhine koa" ua hiki e ke Kumu kane hooiaio ana. No ka laʻana, Princess Shahovskaya - ka honua ka mua wahine-ke kahu moku. Ma Kelemania, ma ka makahiki 1912, ua puka mai i ka ke kahu moku, ka laikini. Aia, ma ka international airport Yohannistal, ua hana no kekahi manawa me he kumu aʻo. I ka hoomaka ana o ke kaua Shahovskaya hoopii, e hoouna aku ia i ka oihana kahu moku, i loko o ke alo. Ke Auguseto haawi mai i ke noi, a ma November 1914 i aie me ke ano o ka hae i loko o ka mua maunakea pae ka Princess. Kekahi ana hoʻohālike o Elena Samesona. ʻO ia nō ke kaikamahine o ka oihana lunaʻenehana, a me ke gula kâlâ keʻokeʻo puka 'o ia mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe a me nā papa ma Peretburge. Ka haukapila ma Warsaw Samesona hana me ke kahu. Ma hope iho o ia, ua helu like me ka Keaukaha i loko o ka poe koa 9, ma ka hema-komohana alo. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia i malama ia ma laila no ka lōʻihi - kahi o eha mahina, a laila, i hoouna aku ai i Moscow. Ma mua o ka kaua Samsonov loaa ka palapala puka o ke kahu moku. I ka 1917, ua hoouna mai la oia i ka 26 maunakea poe.

Hoomalu ana o ke Aupuni Kuikawa,

Kekahi o ka "hawewe battalions" (First Petrograd ma lalo o ka noho luna ana o ke Kapena gloss) me cadets a me na wahi e ae ma October 1917 i loko o ka hoomalu ana o ke Winter Palace mahele. Okatoba 25, ka mokuna i i hoʻonoho Levashov noaioee, i, e hele aku ma luna o ka Lomānia alo. Akā, i ka lā mua Loskovym i loaa i kekahi mea, e hoouna aku i kauwahi o ka "parade" ma Petrograd. I mea e manao e hōʻoia i ka hoomalu ana o ke Aupuni Kūikawā.

Glosses aʻo e pili ana i ka mea maoli pilikia, a i ole makemake i ka pū i kona subordinates i pili aupuni hoopaapaa. He lawe mai hoʻi i ka battalion Levashovo koe 2 poe helu 137 kanaka. Me ka mau hawewe platoon ke keʻena luna o ka Petrograd Apana ho'āʻo e hoʻokō pilina Foundry, ma Rotehama Palace a me na alahaka. Akā, i kēia hana i Nyos sovietized luina. Ke koe hawewe troopers poe ua aia ma ka akau o ka puka nui ma luna o ka lepo, papahele o ka pā kaua. I loko o ka po, ua haawi mai i ka hanaʻino mai, la oia i disarmed. Girls ia i na Barracks o ka Pavlovsky mua, a laila, i ka Grenadier Regiment. E like me kekahi hoike, he helu o ka hawewe troopers "u hooka- naknmakua". A laila, he Komite Wae o ka Petrograd City Council manao ia i Rap na kaikamahine eha (naʻe paha mau ua hiki makemake, e ae aku ia), a me kekahi hana he pepehi anaʻia iā iho. October 26ʻapu kōheoheo i ka poʻe hoʻi i loko o Levashovo.

Ke kauna, liquidation

Ma hope iho o ka pau ana o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, ka hou Soviet aupuni hoohana i ka manao o ka hana ana i ka maluhia, a me ka aina mai o ke kaua. Eia hou, Ua pahuna hapa o na koa ma ka hoʻopau o ka imperial Army. E like me ka hopena, i ka "hawewe poʻe hao wale" i disbanded. Battalions i disbanded November 30, 1917 ma ke kauoha o ke Koa Council i ka mua Kuhina. Oiai koke ma mua o ka hanana ka mea i kauoha e paka i ka 'oihana kōkua manawaleʻai ke huahelu no ka hakakā hana ma luna. Aka hoi, he nui ka helu ana o na wahine koa, na kaikamahine i koe i loko o nā hoʻoponopono a January 1918, a ma o aku o. Kekahi wahine hoʻoneʻe i ka Don. Aia ka mea, i kaʻeleu loa i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i ka Bolsheviks ma nā kahua o ka White Army. I ka hope o nā māhele o ka Kuban i koe i ke kolu o ka battalion o ka make. He Ua hoʻonohoʻia ma Ekaterinodar. Ka hopena o ka disbanded wale i 26 February 1918. Ke kumu i ka hoole ana o limahana Caucasus? Aeiia e hōʻoia 'kākoʻo mau lako pa alima,

Helehelena a me ka shape

Women ka poe e lawelawe ana ma ka battalion Botchkareva ma chevrons weluwelu ma ke ano "Adamu mau poʻo." Ka mea, e like me na koa, i ka 'inikua ninaninau. Like na kanaka, na wahine okioki i ko lakou lauoho aneane'ōhule. Iloko o ke kaua, na wahine o ka komo a me ka selfless loaa no ka manawa mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka nuiʻano. Ma ke kaua Lūkini ma ke alo ka mea, ua oi aku mamua o 25.000 wāhine nāʻaʻa. A ano o ka patriotism a me ka hana i ka Fatherland, ua alakai na mea he nui o lakou i ka hana. E nohoʻoukou i loko o ka poʻe koa o ko lakou Outlook hoʻololi.

ma ka hopena

Hekikai no e olelo aku ai, i ka wa a ka mea mua wahine ka battalion kūikawā kūlana pili i Kerensky. He mea ka mea mua, e kākoʻo i ka manaʻo. I Kerensky ka helu wahi loaa he nui helu o ka hoopii, a telegrams mai na wahine i makemake e hui i ka wahi. He hoi, i loaa na minuke o ka halawai a me ka like memo. Ma nā mea a pau i kēia mau pepa lewa i ka pili o ka wahine hou naue like o ka aina, e like me ka pono me ka makemake e hoʻopale ai i ka'āina, e malama i ke ku okoa ana o na kanaka. Lakou i manaoio aku i koe AEeOEXAaI ua like paha i ka hilahila. Women imi iho la ka poe koa, i alakaʻi wale ma ke aloha o ke aupuni, me ka makemake e hoala mai i ka morale o ka poe koa. Main Keʻena o ka General Staff o ka kūikawā Komisina ma ka hana hana i ua hana. I ka Ia manawa i hoomaka ai ka ke keʻena luna o koa apana hooikaika ana ia,ʻo nāʻaʻa nā wāhine i loko o ke kaua. Naʻe, i ka makemake o na wahine ua ai nui ia o ka aina i ka nalu o ka noho'na makaainana i ulu hanaia'na o ke koa a papa hana.