Gerbert Guver (Herbert Clark alana hoover), 31 la Peresidena o ka Amerika Huiia: Kawaihae, pilikino ola, ka manaʻo politika 'oihana

Wā e hiki mai US Pelekikena Gerbert Guver Ua hānauʻia ma luna o August 10, 1874 ma West Branch. Kona mau makua, he mau Quakers mai o ka moku'āina Iowa me Kelemānia kumu ae. Ke keiki ka makua kāne kuai lilo ka aina lako a pan, a hana like me ka hana. He make ia Herbert i wale 6 makahiki. Mother make i loko o kekahi 4 makahiki. I koe, he keiki makua keiki hoʻoneʻe i kona makua kāne i loko o Oregon. I ka 1891, ka mea opiopio alana hoover komo i ka ai ia Eva weheia Stanford University. By kahuna, ua ua he hoʻouku lunaʻenehana, a aole nae he mau hoailona i keia akamai e e hoʻoili i loko o kālai'āina.

Trees hoʻouku lunaʻenehana

I ka 1895, Gerbert Guver loaa ka kēkelē ka degere. Kona 'oihana' oihana ua loa pīhoihoi. Akā, ka mea a pau, hoomaka ae la, nonoi. First Stanford puka, loaa ae nei i ka wahine holoi pōhaku hoʻouku poʻe E haawi Gold noʻu. A laila, he keiki 'oihana hoihoi i loko o ka Pelekania. English Bewick, Moreing a me Company, hana kūikawā ma ke gula, ua hoolimalima 23-makahiki-kahiko hoover @ a Aole he kokua aku la ia ia i ka Australia. Ma ka "uliuli'āinapuniʻole" 'Amelika nā hoapili ao mai la malaila no ka hana i ho'ākāka' Kaleponi ano o ka mea maikai i metala hoʻouku. Ma Australia, Gerbert Guver loaa invaluable ka hoao ole wale me he kanaka hulihonua, akā, no hoi me he manakia.

A laila, i ka hoʻomalu loaa kekahi unexpected kaumaha, mai ka Pākē aupuni. Ma China hoʻouku ua i loko o ka primitive moku'āina. Na Pākē makemake e aʻo mai i kaʻiʻo nō o kēia Western ka hoao ana. He nolaila, hiki a me ka hana mikiʻala Gerbert Guver i ka maikai moho no ia. 'Amelika "laki" e ia i loko o Kina i kekahi manawa i ka wa i hoomaka ai i ke karaima kualua kipi. Ua ua i ka nalu o pogroms i loko o ka haole wahi. E kū'ē i ka domination o ka haole, heʻano nui kauwa. Ka mea, i ole makemake i ka Christian misionari ha awina.

Once Tianjin, kahi alana hoover ola ana, i hele mai ma lalo o shelling. Mai ku iwi ku i ka hale aia ma ke alanui i ka 'Amelika lunaʻenehana hale mai. Ma ia lā, Herbert Clark alana hoover, aa ai mamua aku i ko lakou ola, a holo lokahi i ka hale luku, a hoopakele i ka Pākē kaikamahine. He nui nā makahiki ma hope, i ka 1928,ʻo ia me he koho pelekikena moho i loko o ka United States pāpā reporters e hoʻolaha i ka moʻolelo i ke koho kai eʻe. Iloko o ke kualua kipi Amelika ua ole wale hana ma ka pololei dute, akā, e hoihoi i luku aeaciui ai.

Personal ola

Kupaianaha hana Outlook ma Kina i puʻe wale akula kēlā hoover @ e manaʻo e pili ana i wā e hiki mai ko lakou mau ohana. Ke kanaka opiopio ua i ka fiancee e hoʻomau i ka noho ma Kaleponi. I ka 1898, i ka wā e hiki mai Lou Genri Guver i loaa mai i ke kahu ka telegram, ma ka mea āna i hōʻike i ka mai ana mai huakaʻi a hiki i Asia, a kaumaha aku la ia ia e mare. Ke kaikamahineʻae. Ka paʻa hui paa ana o ka mare ana Pepeluali 10, 1899 ma ke kulanakauhale o Monterrey. Ma hope o ka hana ana o kana kane Lu Genri i ka Quaker manaoio. Nā newlyweds holo ma luna o kekahi moku ma Kina mea ano ka ia la ae, ma hope o ka ahaaina. Wahine i mau Ua kokoke i Herbert. Ua make iho la i ka 1964.

At hoover @ he mau keiki elua. Herbert i hanau ma ka 1903, lilo i lunaʻenehana a me ka diplomat. Like kona makua kāne,ʻo ia puka 'o ia mai Stanford University. Hana e like me ka lunaʻenehana i loko o ke kula o ka mokulele 'enekinia, geophysics, a ma ka 50 o ka ua i ke Kuhina Nui o ke Aupuni ma kaʻoihana o ka Middle Hikina pili' o Randy. Ke keiki pokii i kana Allan Ua lilo no hoi lakou i ka hoʻouku lunaʻenehana, a me ka hapanui o kona 'oihana ka berena ma loko o Kaleponi.

Entrepreneur a me ka philanthropist

I ka 1901, Gerbert Guver haʻalele China. He lilo ke kākoʻo '-mea nona o Bewick, Moreing & Li, hana kūikawā ma ka hoʻouku oihana puolo. No kekahi manawa,ʻo ia hoʻi i ka Australia. I ka makahiki 1908, alana hoover hoomaka ae la kona 'oihana me he kuokoa Point. Ukali ma kekahi manawa o ke alu like 'ana me ka poʻe nā hualoaʻa a. Ke hoʻomalu i hana i loko o San Francisco, London, New York, St. Petersburg, Paris, a hiki ma Burma, ma kekahi manawa, ano, malaria. Wā e hiki mai US pelekikena hana pū 'ana me ka Ural magnates. I ka pau,ʻo ia kōkua hoʻomōhala i ka Kyshtym keleawe i waiho iho ai, a laila, holo aku la i ka mines i loko o ka Hawaiian Mountains. Mahalo i kaʻana waihona kālā i loko o 1914 Herbert alana hoover lilo ke kanaka waiwai. Kona kino moku'āina mea e pili ana i $ 4 miliona.

Alana hoover ka ola i ma hope o ka First World War hoʻololi dramatically. I ke kauwela o 1914 ka mea, ua i loko o Lākana. Ka Amelika Kanikela ma Pelekane noi hoover @ e kōkua hoonohonoho repatriation o ka US poe kanaka ka poe i loaʻa iā lākou iho i loko o Europe mua o ka puʻumake. Ua ua he nui nui o kanaka - ma kahi o 120 tausani kanaka.

A laila, i ka wā e hiki mai Peresidena Gerbert Guver hoʻokumu i kekahi Komisina, e kōkua i ka noho Pelekiuma. Ke Kelemānia a ua hooholo a hiki i kekahi, ke kokua ia lako, a ua hāʻawiʻia mai ai i ka pelapela a ma ke kai. I keia manawa i ka'auwaʻa Pelekāne mālama Kelemania, i loko o kaʻoihana moku blockade. no hoi i ku e mai i ka Beritania i ka haawi ana o ka waiwai i civilians. Alana hoover Komisina koke lilo he nui hopena. Ua kūʻai ai i loko o Australia a me Amerika, a ua like kona'auwaʻa i kekahi mau kakini moku.

Ke loa wā e hiki mai ana o ka 31st Peresidena o ka Amerika Huipuia mau manawa i kela kapa o ka mua laina, a mau aa ai mamua aku i kona ola. Konaʻeleu peacekeeping hiki ole ke AOON. I ka 1919, no ka mea, e piʻi like lehulehu i loko o ka hana o ka manaʻo kanaka a me ka hana 'enekinia, Washington Achievement i kumu kāki i alana hoover.

Kuhina o ke kuai

Ma ka pau ana o ke kaua, hoover @ lilo i ka luawai-ike a me ka koʻikoʻi huahelu. I ka 1918 ma ka olelo hooholo o Peresidena Woodrow Wilson , ua alakaʻi 'o ka American ke ola mau luna' oihana. Ua i nā mea a pau i ka mea hookahi: kōkua i ka hoʻolālā luku Europe (ka hapanui waiwai i hoʻolilo i Poland, a Czechoslovakia). ʻOiai ka First World War i ua luna, i ka hou koko kue wawahi mai i loko o Rusia, ma ke Kanawai War, hoomaka ae la.

I ka 1919, hoomaka ae la ka hui, e kōkua alana hoover White Koro Army. Na Americans lawe mai palaoa a me ka cereal palaoa, ka papapa maka, peas, Punk waiu, lard. I ka 1921, hoover @ i ka US Kuhina o Pāʻoihana. He Ua kohoia Peresidena Uorren Garding, 'ano ikamu nui ka hoao ana akamai hoʻokuhikuhi.

He noteworthy i loko o kēia wahi alana hoover Ua pâʻani 'o ia kūlana nui i loko o shaping ka Amelika Radio oihana puolo. Oiai ka hoʻoleleʻana hoʻohana 'ana i kēia mau mea i hooponopono ia e ke Kuhina oʻIliahi a me ka alana hoover kino. Ka mea, ua ai nui, i ka Pekelala Hookolokolo i kapu i ka mana o ke poo o ka Oihana. No ka mea, o keia, no kekahi mau makahiki, ua ae aku Americans mai huina chaos i loko o kā lākou mau radios, kahi e kekahi mau wahi i hele aku la ma ka lewa ma ka mea hookahi alapine (frequency).

Ka hilahila i noho ai i ka makahiki 1927. Ahaolelo Lahui i hooholoia i ka kaulana Radio Kanawai, e like me ka mea i hana i ka hana Federal Radio Komikina.

Kōkua Soviet Rusia

I ka 1921 hoomaka ae la oia i ka weliweli wi ia i pa a ke ku hardest ma ka Volga māhele 'āina i loko o Rusia. Ke kumu no ka mea, ua i ke Kanawai War, kaʻoʻoleʻa kuwaho o requisitioning a me ke kina ole, O ka lukuia, i loko o ke kauhale. Ua nui keiki ma kahi e kākau moʻolelo Maxim Gorky ua noi ka US aupuni no ka kōkua. Alana hoover Ua ikeia no kona Anati-Bolshevik kulana, akā,ʻae, e kākoʻo i ka pōloli. Ma 'Aukake 1921, i loko o Riga, o ka American kokua noho kia'āina, a me ka People ka Commissar no ko na Aina e Maxim Litvinov kakauinoa i ka' aelike ma ke kokuaia mai e aloha kekahi i kekahi waiwai i Soviet Rusia.

Initially, Ua hāʻawi wale nō kōkua i nā keiki, a me ka poe mai. Na Americans i hoʻonohonoho 'ia papaʻaina, a ke hele wale i ka loa ma ka pono o ke kākoʻo starving. Ka mea loaa i ka kūikawā hoʻokomo o kāleka.

Ma Petrograd wale Americans wehe 120 canteens, i i wahie e oi aku mamua o 42 tausani keiki. Ka walaʻauʻana pele o ka ai hoouna mai ai i ka Volga: Samara, Kazan, Saratov a me Simbirsk'āina (no ka mea,ʻikeʻia ma kahi o 7000 eooie). A mau mahina ma hope o ka hoʻomaka 'ana o deliveries hoover @ ma Wakinekona, i pii ole, e hoomaopopo mai ia lawmakers, e hohola aku i ka kaʻoihana kālā o ka polokalamu.

Ka pilikia ua ia i ia manawa i ka kūhelu US ke aupuni i ike i ka Soviet aupuni. Deliveries ma Rusia oki ae la i ka 1923. Iloko o keia manawa, e like me ka Commissariat, ka mea i laweia mai e pili ana i 585.000 na tona o ka ai, a me ka laau kapa.

Keʻena Pelekikena

I ka 1928, alana hoover (me he lālā o ka US Republican Party) komo i ka aʻe koho pelekikena heihei. Kona papa kuhikuhiE enemi ua he Democrat Alfred Smith. Alana hoover ua hiki ke loaa i ke aloha i kona kūlana. Ma hope ona i kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino holomua me ka pāʻoihana a me kōkua Europe i ke kaua. Eia hou kekahi, Americans noʻonoʻo i ka pilikino kānaka apau i mākaukau o ke Kuhina o Pāʻoihana kupaianaha oicyenoaaiiie mea hoʻonui 20s.

Eia naʻe, i ma luna o ka papa kuhikuhiE alana hoover lehulehu oihana i koho ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kaumaha nui. Stock market ulia kena ae la i ka'opi o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Alana hoover i e Makuakane me ka waiwai ino, na Likes o i i ole ia i loko o kekahi o ka 'Amelika a meʻEulopa. Ua hoemi i kekahi mau manaʻo nui Peresidena o Anati-hoʻoponopono ulia pilikino E pili. Mua,ʻo ia hoao e haawi aku i ka hou ana o ka poe liilii, a pilikino pāʻoihana. Ka lua, hoover @ ho'āʻo e koi aku nā haku,ʻaʻole i ka ho'ēmi i kona iho? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Mea irritant i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, i ke kaua ma waena o uniona kālepa a me nā haku. Ka Peresidena ho'āʻo e hoopalupalu mai i kēia manaʻo kū'ē.

Eia hou kekahi, alana hoover kona makemake nui i ka polokalamu o ka nunui lehulehu hana, a i manao ai i ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka puka ana ka nele. I ka 1930, Ahaolelo Lahui i aponoia i ka manao a me ka anao? Aou no kona manaʻo 750 miliona. Akā, hoʻowahāwahā i ka hoao ana o ka moku'āina, e intervene ma ke kulana, ke kahua hoʻomau i deteriorate. I ke kauwela o 1930, hoomaka ae la nā haku e massively ho'ēmi i kā lākou? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Ma ke kōkua 'ana o alana hoover, Ahaolelo Lahui i hana mai i kekahi dala, uku kālā ma ka mea o ka mea a ka mea nui aeaciui ai, e like me ka pono i aie a me ka hui panakō hui. I ka Ia manawa, i ka Peresidena vetoed i ke kānāwai ma luna o nā moʻopuna kālā kōkua i kaʻaʻole loaʻaʻoihana, e noonoo pono i excessive dala infusion e hoonele i kēia mau kanaka o ka Initiative i loaa i ka hou 'oihana. I ka 1932, i ko lakou helu i launaʻole 12 miliona kanaka, a me nā mea a pau US? Iecaianoaaiiuo i ka ulia haule ma ka 50%.

Unrealized nā mea hoʻololi

He 'ike ia i loko o ke kakahiaka 1929 hoover @ hele mai la i ka mana, ia ia e hele ana i lawe mai aneiai nā mea hoʻololi, i ka poe e hou hoonawaliwali i ka moku'āina ka keiki ma luna o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Ua ua he e holumua ai papa o ka libertarianism, a me ka ai-i kapaia rula o ka noninterference. E hoolilo ana i aneiai polokalamu, alana hoover hilinaʻi ma luna o lākou iho ka hoao ana entrepreneur, e hana i loko o ka likeʻole ma o nā'āina a puni ka honua.

Other nui Aey? Acaeoey i loko o ka wahi lulu kuwaho o 1929-1933. i ke kukuluia'na o ka Pekelala Buro o na halepaahao a me ka reorganization o ka Buro o Indian Affairs. Alana hoover kekahi ikaika kokua i ka hoomau mihi, i ka hopena o ka a na 'Amelika ma luna o kona mau makahiki 65 e loaa $ 50 no ka malama. No ka mea, o ke kaumaha nui , i kēia Initiative i ole hoʻomaopopo.

kuwaho

I ka 1928, Gerbert Guver i kekahi 'ano kūkaʻi huakaʻi o ka umi'āina i loko o LakinaʻAmelika. Iloko o ka huakaʻi, i mai la oia 25 ka olelo hoomaikai, a me nā kipa iho alakai ai i ka hookuuia ana o ana me ka aina o ka'āinapuniʻole. ʻOiaiʻo ia i loko o Argentina, hoover @ aneane lilo i luahi o ka kīmopō o ka kūloko anarchist.

Ma naʻe o nā complexities a pau o ka pelekikena ua hiki ke waiho i nā kumu o ka hou kulekele o "maikaʻi hoalauna", i auou caiaiai i ka lehulehu "maia kaua". Kēia cliché kapa o ka US hana ku ei ka Caribbean a me Central Amerika, ka Americans, ma ka nui, uumi Puerto Rico a me Cuba. Ke kulekele o "maikaʻi hoalauna" Ua hoomauia ma lalo o Roosevelt. Ua i laila, i ka makahiki 1934, 'Amelika poʻe hao wale i haalele ai ia Laua.

Ke ole o ka oʻui koho

Ka nalu p kulana home 'ole i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai i ke olonā wāwae o ka credibility o ka alana hoover. Kokoke mai ana ua koho pelekikena ke koho i ka 1932, a me kona kiʻekiʻe o ke kākoʻo ua prohibitively haʻahaʻa. Iloko o ka mea kahiko mālama '-koho olelo i koho pāloka alana hoover ke ehuehu o kaʻenemi hoolohe nā kumu. Ka pōpilikia o ka pelekikena ua Franklin Roosevelt. Ua lanakila i ke koho ana, e lilo ana i ka kekahi poo o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia.

Republican moho i ae mai i kekahi maoli pio. Alana hoover wā hoopiiia o ka nele i ka lawe Anati-hoʻoponopono ulia polokalamu, a hiki e mālie i ka waiwai ino. Roosevelt, ua hele i ka loa ana, a hāpai nei i ka hou papa, ke kulana straightened mai. I ka Ia manawa, a hiki i keia la, moʻolelo e hoailona oukou i ka alana hoover lilo i mea pani kulana home 'ole. He ua unlucky e lilo pelekikena ma ka Ewa o ka ulia i lua ole kona hewa, a no ka Pahuhopu kumu, kopivshimsya no ka makahiki. Kākoʻo alana hoover kaulana, a ua kuhikuhi akulaʻo ia ma ke kiekie o ke kaumaha nui,ʻaʻohe ana, e kōkua i ka pelekikena Amerika i hiki ole.

Hope makahiki a me ka hoʻoilina

Radicalism Roosevelt ua i kona hehi mai ai i ka lōʻihi o ke kūlana moku'āina i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai, me ke ku ei ka mea mau kuai i ka 'Amelika kŘkohu.

Alana hoover, lilo he kula keia, no ka mea, he nui na makahiki nema aku i nā kulekele o kona hope. I ka wā o ka Apana World War, ia i koi mai i ka ālai ia 'aʻe i loko oʻEulopa mea.

Alana hoover hoi aku la i ke aupuni hana ma lalo o Peresidena Truman a me Eisenhower. Ua hoano e manakia poai puni i ke Komite, e alakai i ka mihi o ka moku'āina i hoʻomākaukauʻia. He Ua palapala nui 'atikala a me nā buke, a me memoirs, i ho'ākāka' ia ma kona mau huali wa opiopio hoike ia. Hoover @ i ka mea mamuli o-peresidena iloko o ka mooolelo no kona manawa, i ka 31-makahiki au. He make ma luna o October 20, 1964 ma New York. ua mua mua kanaka 90 o kona mau makahiki. Kona hope e oʻioʻi ua lilo i kanaka maoli Iowa.

United States i kahu i ka hoomanao ana o ka 31st Peresidena, ka mea, ma ka naʻe o nā nuances a pau o ke kaumaha nui i ka wa elemakule hiki ke rehabilitated i loko o na maka o kanaka. Kona inoa i na mea a me ka wahi. Ka maikai i ike o ka alana hoover makua (AZ). Ka makua ma luna o ka Hawaii muliwai, a me kēia lā ua manaoia e e hanana. Kona kūkuluʻia hoomaka i Peresidena hoover @ i ka 1931, a e pau ma ka Roosevelt i ka 1936. Ka mua kikoo o ka makua iʻikeʻia i loko o ka 1920s. laila hoover @ i ka lawelawe ana i ka oihana, a lilo i lâlâ o ke Komisina kuleana no ka makua papahana. Mahalo iā ia, ua hiki ke Kanal ka wai a hiki i ka aoao hema o Kaleponi a me ka hooulu ana o kūloko mahiai, e like me ka lawelawe alaplpa i ke kipi mauna muliwai.