"Gneisenau '(battleship)' ano a me ka 'ole hōʻikeʻano

Ke kaulana German Moku battleship "Gneisenau" Ua hahao i loko o ana i loko o 1938 ma ka Ewa o ka Apana World War. I ka manao o keia moku ua lilo kekahi o ka loa pīhoihoi no kona manawa. ka mea, ua mālama aku i ke battleship a hiki i 1943, ka wā o ka ia kaua i seriouslyʻino wale. He Ua hoounaia mai no ka hoʻoponopono, akā, ma ka hopena manao e hoola. I ka makahiki 1945, koke ma mua o ka pio ana o Kelemania, ka moku i piholo. Ma mōʻaukala ka mea, ua kaulana ole wale no kona mau hana o nā mea kaua, akā, i poʻokela hana.

Mōʻaukala o ka hale

German battleship "Gneisenau" - kekahi o na moku loa kaulana o ke Kaua Honua II. Kona mōʻaukala, hoomaka ae la i ka makahiki 1933, ka wā o ka Apana Reich hoʻoholo i kūkulu mau moku o ka hou type "Scharnhorst". Ka pāhana Ua hoʻokō i ka huina mahuka. Kauoha aku, o ka battleship "Gneisenau" hoopukaia no kekahi moku o ka "Deutschland". Eia naʻe, ma waena o ka lehulehu fiction a me keia moku i he nui like.

"Gneisenau" ka oko ao, alahula nui o 19.000 tons, a me kona nona iho ua 161.000 horsepower. battleship luina oia o 1669 koa. No ka mea, a pau kona ano, ua hapai ae nei i ka moku, e like me ka nui kaua - ka German moku momi. A o ka mea, ua i kahaha ko oukou naau, no ka mea, ke alakaʻi o ka Apana Reich makemake e hoʻomaka kupaianaha a me ka pipiʻi papahana, kekahi o ka a, i lana ai, ua ka "Gneisenau". Battleship Ua hanaia me he pane i ka Moana Royal a me ka 'ōlelo Palani (oi loa ka Palani moku "Dunkerque" type). Kona papa kuhikuhiE koena unuhi mai nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike o ka na hiohiona mahuahua ma ka piko a me nā mea kaua.

I ka makahiki 1935, i ka moku a hiki i ka hou 'ana i uku pānaʻi no ka mea, o ka muli o ka hou, i oi kāʻeʻaʻeʻa i ka hua'ōlelo o ka manao, papahana. Ke Launch Ua i December 8, 1936-la. Ma ia lā, kekahi o ka moku lawe na kaula, no ka mea, o ka mea ma ka moku i hoopuehuia, a holo aku la a hiki i ke kahakai. Hoopilikia mai ai i ka pōʻino, huli hope.

pū

Ka moku "Gneisenau" (Battleship) ua kapaia ma hope o kaulana no ka manawa o ke Kaua I mea e kahiko ai cruiser no a hiki i ka squadron o Adimarala māmā holo. Hoailona wae mea ole coincidence. "Gneisenau" ua ka mua battleship o ka German Moana, kūkuluʻia i loko o ka interwar wā. Makahiki o ka hoohaahaa ana, a me na nā ho'āpono i hahai i ke Kuikahi o Versailles i pau ai. Akā, ma muli o ia ka mea i ka German'auwaʻa koe heluna hapauuku nawaliwali, i loko o nā makahiki 30 ka mea i manaoia e hana, "Gneisenau" moku, 'ia wale nō no ka mea kaua. Ma ka Apana Reich ma ka hou moku e kali ana no ka pomaikai, like me ka poe a ka mea kaulana eponymous, hoʻokomo.

Ma ka interwar wā, ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o 283-mm o pū hoomaka ma Hawaii, hua mai la manaʻoi no ka "Gneisenau". Battleship la i ka pu, i like loa me ka mea i hoʻokumu "Dunkirk". A, i ka pale, a kūpono 'oihana mua o ka moku Kelemānia e hoao i ka maka ma ke kakali ana i standoff moku Farani o kēiaʻano. 283-mm o pū outperform mea lapaʻau i ka "Deutschland". Lākou mau huahelu o ke ahi a me ka firepower no kona caliber he nui. ka pomaikai o na mea hou hiki ole i apono ia ma Pelelina.

No ka mea ke ahi hooponopono ana o ka moku "Gneisenau" loaa i ka lākou o ka mea, ua mua ai ma ke 'ano o ka "Bismarck" battleships a "hipper" type cruisers. Artogon hooponopono mai pou ke aupuni 'o turrets alakaʻi. Lakou lako na telescopes hoʻohana 'ia e ka luna kuleana no ka pana, a me gunners. Oioi stabilized ma ka gyroscope.

Ma ke kia ua ka loa laekahi lako a pan o ka manawa. No ka laʻana, he ballistic kamepiula paa wikiwiki, e hali ana, loli i ka mamao i ka pale a hiki lawe i loko no o ka nana. Complex omaulia hanaʻi iloko o ālai 'me ka kūikawā kani. mea kaua i ke ahi hooponopono'ōnaehana hooponopono i ka hale kiaʻi ekolu. I ka Ia manawa ka mea, hiki ke ahi ma luna o kekahi mau pale kaua (a kālele ana ma luna o kekahi, a me ka ia).

ammunition

Ma ka "Gneisenau" kēia kanaka Kelemānia i hoʻohana kekahi mauʻano o ka leho. Mua, kapa kila-e hou ana i. Lākou hoʻohana ku pono-hoomaluia pale. Ka mea, i ka lalo kaula hō'ā a me ka uuku pahū kauoha. Ka lua, ka mea, ua polubroneboynye leho. E like me ka Mea Maluna o Beritania, ka mea, ua hoi pinepine i kapaia "na". Ka mea, loaa ae nei i ka uuku oi pahū, a i ka oi aku fragmentation kanawai. Ka mea, Ua hoʻohana ku e pale me ka ole oi manoanoa kapa kila.

Eia hoi, ke kolu, "Gneisenau" ua kiʻekiʻe-pahū leho. Ka mea, he poo kaula hō'ā a me ka hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o unarmored pale (poʻe luku aku, Anati-mokulele pū, searchlights, unprotected Manpower, a no laila, ma luna o. D.). Kēia mau rula o ka leho i ole hoʻololi i loko o ka German Moku i ke kaua. Polubroneboynye a pahū leho i ka loiloi mua māmā holo o ka 900 mau mika kekona päkahi a me kekahi mau haʻahaʻa ke kaupaonaʻana (kekahi kaupaona ma 100 kg me). Ka mea, Ua kauoha me ka kūikawā neaa holo.

First leho hanaiia e grippers, a kaulia ana mawah. A laila, i ke apo no ka ihu lole wili papa ka mea, e loaʻa i loko o ka ke eaʻe. XIX. 'Āhewa' ana oko keleawe lole a. No ka halihali ana i kūikawā ahi i hoakaka ia. Secondary leho hānai hana lima. Ammunition kaa oia o 1800 'āhewa' ana (1350 nui a me ka nīnūnē 450).

helehelena

Most "Gneisenau" e like me kona hoahānau "Scharnhorst". Akā, kekahi mawahoʻokoʻa ma waena o lākou a pau. Kekahi mau heleuma i ke aupuni ', Anati-mokulele mīkini pū, e like me ka mainmast. Ma hope o kūkulu o ka "Gneisenau" pena i loko o ka malamalama oho waihoʻoluʻu. Ka mea wale nō kekahi 'loʻi he kapa o na mea kaua depicted ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ke kumu.

Ma Pepeluali 1940, i ka hihia, ka mea i hooholoia, e waiho i ka ulaula kihikihiʻo me kaʻeleʻele swastika. Kēia i hanaʻia, e hōʻike mai i ka lewa. Ka pilikia ua i ka Luftwaffe ua hoʻokahi wale kekahi mahina o ka hewa Pohō lākou mau Kelemānia poʻe luku aku. Ma ka haule ana o ka 1940 i ka kia-? Aiiio e hookolokolo ai i loko o ka Baltic Sea "Gneisenau" ua camouflage 'ia nā pōpō.

pohupani hale

I ka holo ana o ka manao haʻawina, e lilo i mea hoike i ka poʻe akamai, eʻaʻole e hiki i ka halawai i ka pohupani hale o 26.000 tona i. Initially ka mea, i ea ae ia ia e like me kēia mau kii, "Gneisenau". Battleship, nae, hele hou nunui i ka 1936 maopopo hoike mai ke kaupaona ana. Ma ka shipyard, puhi i ka pū waikaua. Hoʻomalu, aia no na makaʻu i ka moku, e e emi ma mua o ka hale lio, a me kona seaworthiness hoole mai oia. Eia hou kekahi, puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka i, e emi i ke kiekie o ka freeboard. Design kēiaʻoihana kaʻa i hou i ka laulā o ke kumupaʻa.

Ka pilikia o ka mahuahua pohupani hale i loaʻa i ka manawa o ka mea, ua mua o ko Hawaiʻi moku e hoʻololi i ka walaʻauʻana ano o ka "Gneisenau". Battleship, kona mea i manao ai ua i ke kihi o ka holoʻokoʻa papahana ho'ōla ma ka hoʻoulu i ka laula o ke kino. E like me ka hopena, i ka pohupani hale mahuahua i 33 tausani tona.

Power kanu

He nui na hoopaapaa i kena ae la i ka mana kanu constructors. Ka mea, ua ka loa controversial hehee ai o ka mea a pau papahana "Gneisenau". Battleship, na ano o i ka oko ao mua ano kūkaʻi 'na kii i hanaia ma ka hookolokolo ana a me ka hewa. A me nā mea a pau i kekahi o ka poe kuleana i makemake ole i ka hou, a hou, e 'ūlōlohi mai ana i ka hana o ka moku.

Ma ka loiloi mua kahua o ka manao e like me ka mana kanu huahelu koho turbozubchatye. Me kā lākou kōkua,? Oaony i ka pepehi mau manu a me kekahi pōhaku: e hōʻoia 'kiʻekiʻe māmā holo o ka moku, a hōʻeleu i ka manawa o kona hānau ai. Ka pa alima hana ma ka hui. O ke kakolina diesel i haalele, no ka mea no ka moku he nui, a ua i ka engine o kēiaʻano. Risky wae ia i ka Adimarala Erich Raeder. Heʻike ihola ia i ka moku dalnohodnost e e nui haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka wā hoʻohana 'kakolina diesel. Naʻe, i ole i ka Moana manawa, e kali i kona ulu ana a me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie.

hale noho

Ei? Battleship i he lonikū manao. Ua ua i ke kila. Ua Ua hooholoia e hoʻohana ka malamalama oka a - no laila, kauoha aku e emi ke kaumaha. I ka papa kuhikuhiE keel o ka moku ua watertight. Ke kino a pau, ua maheleia i 21 pahu. 7 o ia i komo i loko o ka mana loa.

He 'ike ia i loko o ka hana o ka nui moku piʻo kuʻihao no ka manawa mua loa ma luna o kēlā me kēia kahua o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie i ia kaʻoi loa i loko o ka hihia o ka "Gneisenau". Battleship, i ka hōʻike 'ia' o ka i manao o ke 'ike kia o ke au, ka mea, ua i ka maikaʻi,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ko lākouʻano, akā, i loko o ka manufacturingʻano hana.

Welded kila neo? Aaiiai? E puku i hale noho. Me keia hou manufacturingʻano hana ka mea, ua ino. Kona hualoaʻa he nui wale na hewa ano o "ho'āʻo ma ke kākau 'ana." Ma June 1940 ka "Gneisenau" loaa 'inoʻino loa, a hoike mai i na mea he nui' Oihana e i eʻulupā i kona poʻo ma luna o ana e hoʻoikaika i ka mea e like ai o ka welds. Ka mea, oko ao kūlana e bombing a me ka torpedo ka hili. A, aka hoi, i ka pono o ke kuʻihao i ka holomua nui, i ka olelo o? Acaeoey o ka pau hana.

Kekahi o ka loa pepeiaohao nui hiʻona o ka battleship kaulua, ua nasal mōlina, hiʻona he uuku'opi. I ka Ia manawa koe kuʻuna heleuma. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'ma Clusaz - kekahi ma kaʻaoʻao starboard, elua ma ka hema. Ke hoʻohālikelike me ka haole Ke Ana Hoʻohālike, freeboard ua liʻiliʻi, akā, i loko o ka papa o ka pau 'ana a me ka redrawing o ka papahana e lilo i puu uuku. I kekahi manawa, ke manao hiʻona alakai ai i ka mea i na kai i hana ikaikaʻehu, no ka mea, o ka mea i ai i wale nō hana i ka moku, mai ka conning hale kiaʻi.

I ka ihu a me ka mahele o ka papa

Ke kaulana battleship "Gneisenau", he Hawaii photo no ana i ike like pinepine ma ka hōʻike o kaʻenemi manao a me ka Kelemānia nupepa, ua undergone mau ka hoʻololi 'ana i kona "maka" - ke kakaka. Ma hope o ke kaua e kū'ē i ka "Rawalpindi" i, ua wehe 'ia ma luna o ka heleuma. Wahi mea hoʻouka kekahi ma ka luna o ke kumu.

kekahi hana 'ia i loko o ka hana ua i ka hoʻoponopono' ana ma o ka hana o ka "Gneisenau" i loko o December 1940. Battleship, nona ka papa kuhikuhiE Kharkteristika kōkua iā ia i loko o ke kaua, lilo nö ia ma o ka ino. Ma December 1940, heʻino i loko o ka North Sea kena ae la hanahana loa poino i ka moku. Ma hope iho o ia, "Gneisenau" Episode i ka ikaika foredeck a me breakwaters. Characteristically, na HOUʻikeʻia i loko o ka hana koke ma hope o ka kela pilikia ae la. Kekahi manao pāʻoihana makemake ole loa ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka "sputum"ʻoneki, nae, hoemiia kona laulā i kaʻoluʻolu kali.

Aia i kekahi kaulana flaw, i loli ai ka battleships "Scharnhorst", "Gneisenau". Mau moku elua o ka iaʻano ka oko ao kumuʻanoʻole maoli seaworthy. Ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana ke e ka ulu i loko o ke kiekie o ka lei. Eia naʻe, e like me ka hoʻololi 'makemake maoli ai e alakai i ka hua ma ka paona o ke kapa kila, a ua hoi impractical. Kēia kanaka Kelemānia ma ka hana o nā moku no a hiki i keia ia ka hihia e - ka mea, mohai aku la seaworthiness.

kapa kila

Ma ka moolelo, a pau i ka nui Kelemānia moku kaua i uluhia e kaumaha kapa kila. Au ua i koe, a "Gneisenau". Battleship, i ka hōʻike 'ia' o ka a mea he laʻana o ka moku, ua-hoomaluia, i haawi ia ma ka kūikawā ala ka vertical a me ka papamoe kapa kila. Ka mea, kokua no lakou i kekahi i kekahi, e hoomalu aku i ka battleship mai ka poho i ka wahi o ke kino. Inā ka pana Hits ka papa, ka mea, ua koi 'ia e halawai me Hoʻonui i ke bronepalubu.

He nui no nā pāʻoihana hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka papahana, i ua ho'āʻo no ka manawa mua. Kēia hiʻona hou Pono nń pehea kū hoʻokahi, a me nā hana i ka "Gneisenau" (Battleship). Ka First World War i ka Kelemānia poʻe akamai ka waiwai o ka hoao ana. Nele o ka hana i loko o nā makahiki o ka Weimar Repubalika, me ka hou ikaika, i mai la lakou i kā lākou hana ma ka hana o ka'auwaʻa o ka Apana Reich.

kumupaʻa

I ka rula o ka kaawale ana o ka moku i loko o compartments hoʻokumu ia iho i loko o ka First World War. He pū i ua hoʻohana ma o ka manao o "Gneisenau". Battleship, cruiser a me kekahi 'ē moku i kekahi mau waiwai wale nō a hiki i ka manawa o ka palemo. Nolaila, o ka pilikia o ke kumupaʻa a me ka malama ana i ka moku Lani ua mau e kū ana i loko o ke alo o Kelemānia akamai ma kekahi o na wahi mua.

? Ieoaeunoai "Gneisenau" Ua hoʻololi i ai i ka wai hālani o elua e pili compartments hiki i caiieiaiey o ka papahele. Authors o ka papahana i hoʻokō kekahi mau ano nui a me ka mea hiki i ka manaʻo nui. Penei, a pau compartments, 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu, mai ka puali ololi, a aia ma ke kihi, ua māheleʻia i loko o kekahi mau watertight hakahaka.

Ke hoʻohālikelike a me kona mua, a me ka "Scharnhorst" a me ka "Gneisenau" hiʻona he nui nui helu o ka transverse a me lonikū bulkheads. Ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hoʻohana i kekahi Dreadnought. He mahalo i kēia mau wahi a hiki i ka toughest kaua e hoʻokele i ka malama watertight hale ahu a me engine- a me ka ieoaeunoai lumi. Penei, me ka nui loa ho'ēmi i kā ka pilikia o ka noho pilikia heeling.