Haʻilula kelulose. Nine physical waiwai. E hoomakaukau ai, noi

E lilo kama'āina maʻamau o mea no mākou, i mea ubiquitous i loko o mākou kela la i keia ola ana, ka mea makemake e hiki ole i ka manao wale me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ke aloha Nine Inch huahana. Lōʻihi ma mua Nine Inch ho okolohua Anselm Payá, like me ka hopena o nā mea āna i hiki ke ike, a wehewehe i ka 1838 i ka polysaccharide i i loaa mau inoa "kelulose" (loko mai o ka Palani kelulose, a me ka Roma cellula, ke ano, "aeea Loan"), keia waiwai o ka waiwai 'Imi i hoʻohana i? Iecaianoaaiiuo ka loa nui mea.

Mahuahua ka ike o kaʻiʻo pepa i alakai i ke ākeaʻano o nā mea a pau, i ma luna o kona manawa. Ka pepa o kekahi mau papa, paperboard, ea māhele a me ka kemikala olona, ('ākeka, viscose rayon, keleawe-ammonia), pīlali Film, enamels a me varnishes, detergents, meaʻai mea hoʻonui (E460) a hiki smokeless he lepo lā i nā huahana o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie a me ka aaioee o kaʻiʻo pepa.

Pure kelulose mea he keʻokeʻo paa me ka 'ano uʻi waiwai, he maikaʻi ia'ku i na Nine Inch a me ka physical ololi.

Nature koho kelulose (kelulose) me kā lākou iniiaiie haleʻia. Ma ka mea kanu ao ka mea, o ke kumu no ka halepaahao pā o nā lāʻau a me nā mea kiʻekiʻe mea kanu. Ma kaʻoe i ke ano o maoli ai 'ia kelulose ka pulupulu hua lauoho.

Ke kūlana waiwai o keia mea i manao ia e kona mua 'ole. kelulose haʻilula i ka huina moolelo (c6 H10 O5) N mai a mākou iʻike i ka hai polymeric 'ole. Hana hou 'he nui ka helu o nā manawa β-monakō koko koena me ka oi piha nānaina o pehea - [c6 H7 O2 (OH) 3] -, ua pili i ka lōʻihi laina lātoma.

Hakakino kelulose haʻilula Ho'ākāka 'kona hanana Nine Inch ka waiwai, e pale aku corrosive hana kūpono. Iʻiʻo pepa i ke kiʻekiʻe ia'ku e hoʻa'ā i, a hiki i 200 kekelē Kelekia ma lako e malama kona 'ole, a ua ole luku. Autoignition ia lŘlŘ i ka wela o ka 420 ° C.

No emi uʻi kelulose i loko o kā lākou physical waiwai. Ke mall haʻilula o kelulose i loko o ka palapala o ke kaula makalii loa i loaʻa mai ka 300 a hiki i 10,000 monakō koko naehana ka oleʻaoʻao lala, pili kēia e hoʻoholo i ka mea kiʻekiʻe kumupaʻa o keia waiwai. Haʻilula monakō koko e hōʻike mai ana i ka ai iiiaanoaa o ka hydrogen paa ana kumakaia kelulose olona,ʻaʻole wale kiʻekiʻe ma paʻi ikaika, akā, i kiʻekiʻe elasticity. Nā hualoaʻa o ka mākau aaioee he iiiaanoaa o Nine Inch ho okolohua, a noiʻi i ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o ke kumu hoʻohālike o ke kelulose macromolecules. He Heʻoʻoleʻaʻoni iho i loko o kapuwai 2-3 o ka haʻahaʻa 'ilikai, i ua stabilized ma muli o ke intramolecular hydrogen paa.

Not kelulose haʻilula a me kona degere o ka polymerization mea he kumu ano no na waiwai. Ke'ī mai i loko o ka maka pulupulu kīnā i ka helu o glucosidic residues 2500-3000, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pulupulu - mai ka 900 a hiki i 1000, ua huikalaʻia ka lāʻauʻiʻo pepa, he anakahi 800-1000, regenerating ua hoemiia ka kelulose i loko o kā lākou helu i 200-400, a me ka kelulose'ākeka ma ka hanalima ia papa koa, mai 150 i 270 "loulou" i loko o ka lātoma.

A huahana no ka hana ana i kelulose mea kanuʻia, kuhikuhi ka laau. Ke kumu o kaʻina komo ai i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka laau? Inoaia me nā pulping Nine Inch, ukali ma ka huikala ana, ka maloʻoʻana, aʻoki i ka pau huahana.

Mahope lapaʻau o keluloseʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai e loaa i keʻano o nā mea me ka makemake a me ka physical Nine Inch ka waiwai e ae i ka paka i ka laulāʻano o nā huahana, me ka a ke ola o kēia kanaka mea paakiki ke manao wale. Ka hanana haʻilula o kelulose, like Nine Inch a me physical lapaʻau, lilo iho la ia i ke kumu no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā pono hana a puni i loko o ke ano maoli, hiki ia ia e hoʻomano hoʻohana i loko o Nine Inch hana, lapaʻau a me nā mahinaʻai o kanaka haʻawina.