Ha i kanu ia lŘlŘ ma na keena o nā loko. Ma na keena o kekahi hui, o ka hanu ia lŘlŘ i ka mea kanu?

Ka hanu'ōnaehana ohana, i hoolako i ka oxygen i ke kino. I mea kanu, ia mea'ālike i ka holoholona. Kēia kaʻina mau uaki. Ha i ka mea kanu ia lŘlŘ ma keena o nā loko aia ma ka ili o ka lau, kumu a me na aa. Ua launa pū 'a pau kino keena. Inā flora hiki blockage keena, i ke kahe o ka o carbon dioxide pohaku. Ma keia hihia i ka mea kanu i make.

mōʻaukala 'ike

I ka mea i kanu paka o oxygen i ka hanu, i kākau i loko o 'epekema hana, AL Lavoisier. I 1773-1783 ia i hana ia mea. I ka hopena o kana hana i ka loaʻa i ka'ā a me ka hanu nā hoʻokemu nui dala o ka oxygen. Kēia ke hookuu aku oia i carbon dioxide a me ka wela.

Ma muli o kana hana ana i kānakaʻepekema loaʻa i ka hanu ua kuni nā māhuaola ma vivo. Ma hope, ua ha awina hoʻomau Ya Jan Ingenhousz. Ua Ua hoao aku au ia mea i loko o ka pouli, a me ka Map ua kemu o carbon dioxide a me ka oxygen evolution. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka mea kanu i ka hanu nā hiki ke kō like CO ₂ a me O _2, ke kaumaha ma muli paha o ka malamalama o loko o ke kaʻina hana paha i komo.

Similar haʻawina alakai aku ia HF Sheynbayn a HE Bach. I ka makahiki 1897, ka mea i ike i ke kumumanaʻo o liluwelo'okesaside. I ka ia makahiki like hana hooku iho la ia K. Engler. I ka 1955, O. Hayaishi a me GS Mason hoʻohana 'ana i ia mea hookupaa iho la ia ia o oxygen mea nui i hehee ai o ka ke aloha i huiʻia.

Specificity o ka hanu i loko o mea kanu

Hanu ua kapaia he ao kaʻina. Ua Ua manaoia he integral hapa o nā meaola e ola ana. Ua Ua nui na mea i manaoio i ka hanu o na mea kanu e wahi i loko o na keena o nā loko a me nā'aʻaʻa, ma i ke kinoea mail ia lŘlŘ. Oia ka'ōnaehana ua pili i ke ola a me ka hanu hoopau wale - a me ka make ana o na mea a pau e noho ana.

Hōʻike o ke kīnā o ke ola ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i ka ikehu dala. I ka Ia manawa, aia no he kūpono 'ana, nā'ōlelo, ulu, ke kelepona hele mahele. Hele nei, a ke kemu mahuaola, ka wai, a ua likeʻole hoʻololi kemikala keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Naehana hanu mea kanu i luna 'nunui-pae'ōnaehana. Conjugate oxidative keʻano o ka hanaʻana hoʻololi i ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ka ke aloha i huiʻia.

ke kelepona hele ka hanu nā

Oia hanu mea he oxidizing kaʻina. Ua komo ka disintegration o ka o oxygen, a nui ka mahuaola. Release o ka ikaika ia lŘlŘ a me ka ho okumu ana i hana metabolites. Keena i hoʻohana 'ia e hana i ka mea e pono ai keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ke ola. Ma keia hihia i ka hanu i loko o kanu ia lŘlŘ ma na keena o nā loko, a he pōpilikia ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka huina helu kaulike.

C6H12O6 + 602> 6S02 + 6N20 + 2875 kJ / kameleona.

Ke kūpono ikehu Ua hookuu ia mea,ʻaʻole loa. Part o ka ikehu loaa i loko o ka adenosine triphosphate. Ma hope o hoʻololi kemikala ma luna o kaʻili lahilahi i hana no ka unuhi ana i ka pila 'āhewa' ana. Oia ka kŰia ua mua ia e ke koena unuhi o na nā hoʻohui like o ka hydrogen Ion a i hanaʻia ma nāʻaoʻaoʻelua o kaʻili lahilahi. Ka hanu a me ka kino o ka mea kanu ia lŘlŘ ma ke kumu o ka protonʻano piʻina. He mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE ikehu pono hana a koi 'ia no ka lahilahi keʻano o ka hanaʻana' ia i loko o ka halepaahao. e hoʻohana 'ia keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ka hoʻololi kemikala loaa, i ka neʻe' ana o ka wai a me ka mahuaola. Ke Nine Inch 'ole o ka Loaʻaʻia likeʻole ma waena o ka papa, a me ka cytoplasm. Ka ikaika i hiki ole loaa i loko o ka protonʻano piʻina ua dissipated me ka malamalama.

Catalytic keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka hanu

'okesaside o na substrates ua hanaʻia e nā'ūhū. Ka mea, i kapaʻia kumuʻiʻo catalysts. Nā'ūhū i kekahi mau 'ano:

• kiʻekiʻe loa lability;
• loa ha awina;
• kiʻekiʻe specificity no substrates.

Ka hanu, a kanu kino mea e kaukaʻi ma ka māhele kohoʻia o ka i loli aʻe ma lalo o ka aoao o na, a mawaho aʻe. Ua lŘlŘ rula hooponopono o ka pūnao. Me kekahi huina'ine manaʻo pili ki ina hana like o ka'okesaside. Ano o ka'okesaside reactions:

• recoil electrons;
• ka piʻiʻana ka oxygen;
• withdrawal hydrogen;
• helehelena hydrated hui;
• withdrawal protons a me nā electrons.

'okesaside hope paha ua pili i ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka acceptor. Oia nā'ūhū i manaoia e e oxidoreductases. Pela ka mea, he disconnection o na protons a me electrons. Kā lākou e acceptor. Ke'ūhū 'ano apau loa i ka hoolilo naoh. Ia keʻano o ka hanaʻana nā aerobic a me ka anaerobic ka hanu.

aerobic ka hanu nā

Oia hanu'ōnaehana pili i ka oxidative kaʻina. I ka ha kanu absorbs i carbon dioxide, pela ka hoʻokuʻu 'ka oxygen. Ke kūpapakū decomposes i'okanikaʻole waiwai ikehu. I ka papa kuhikuhiE substrates no ka kanu ka hanu nā mea carbohydrates. Ma waho aʻeo ia ia, i ke hoʻopau lako hou i ka nā polokina a me nā bipi kūpaluʻia.

Oia hanu komo ai ka papa kuhikuhiE anuu elua:

1. Oxygen ma-noa kaʻina. Aia ia lŘlŘ kekahi gradual na mea hoʻopöʻino 'ia o substrates, ke kala o ka hydrogen nā'ātoma a me ka ponaʻana kaʻina coenzymes.
2. Ka oxygen kaʻina. Eia ka mea, o ka hope cleavage o ka hydrogen nā'ātoma. Ka mea, haalele mai ka naehana kūpapakū a me ke kiʻekiʻe o oxidized. I ka hopena o ka hoolilo ana o electrons i ka oxygen.

anaerobic ka hanu nā

Oia ha kanu ia lŘlŘ ma ke kumu o nā microorganisms e noho ana ma luna o kanu keena. E oxidize waiwai ka mea, e ole hoʻohana hakakino ka oxygen. Ka mea, e pono ai ka paʻakai o ka nitric, carbonic a me ka sulfuricʻakika, i ka wā i loko o hoohuliia lōʻihi keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka loaʻa hou hui. Ke koi ikehu ua loaʻa ma ka cleavage o ka luna 'ke aloha nā lātoma ma ka loa noonoo ole. Ka hope loa huina'ine acceptor noʻonoʻo carbonates, sulfates a me nitrates. Nitric ka paʻakai, sulfuricʻakika a me carbonicʻakika e hoohuliia mai i loko o hoemi i huiʻia.

Ka mole'ōnaehana

An integral hapa o ka mea kanu aʻa e ha. No ka meaʻeleu ulu o flora pono maluhiluhi ole ea e hele mai ana i loko o ke kumu kahua. Oia ka hanu nā Ua hana Via ka oxygen ma i circulates i ka nui ili.

Ka wā noncapillary porosity iloko o lōʻihi ka ua a me ka oi o ka ona mau i loko o ka ipu lepo ua supersaturated me ka ona mau. I loko o kēia wā, ke kumu'ōnaehana uaʻike piʻi asphyxia. Kekahi subspecies o ka mea kanu ke hanu ma ka oxygen ma mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka ona mau. Ka wā pono e hoʻolahaʻia kēia kahe ana o ka wai 'ole e kahe ana. I ka stagnation no ona mau aa o flora ka mea, i noho i ka pono ka oxygen.

I ka pono ana i ha mea kanu absorbs o carbon dioxide. Akā, stagnant aaeei, ia hiki ole e alakaʻi i ka piha kinoea mail. Ka ulu 'aʻole hoʻi ia nunui. I pili i ka naikokene oxygen ma pae ua hoemi ia e 21%. 'Ōlelo i ke ano o ka mea pōhaku kumu waiwai o ka lepo. Ke kanu hoʻopioʻana i ka lewa e hele mai ana ma ka lilo o ka lau, kumu a me ka wauke o ka mea kanu.

naehana Meaning

Ha i ka mea kanu ia lŘlŘ ka keena a me nā loko mea he nui metabolic kaʻina. Ka ikaika i ua hoʻokuʻuʻia ka wā ha ua lilo ma luna o ka ulu a me ka mama no hoi o flora.

kanu ka hanu nā hoʻohālike me ka kāʻamaʻai. Ke kaʻina hele ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Ma waena kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao i hanaʻia ma ke aloha i huiʻia. Ka mea, i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o metabolic reactions. Mau nā pentoses a me ke aloha nāʻakika a i hana i ka hoʻopöʻino 'ia o ka hanu. Nolaila, hanu ua manaoia e lilo i kumu o ke metabolites.

naehana'ōnaehana Ua noʻonoʻo pono hoʻokoe ikehu wale mai ana NADPH a me ATP. ka wā ha mea kanu paka ka oxygen. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, me ka poeikohoia o ka flora, wai ua hana. I ka dehydration mea kanu i ka mea i malama mai ka luku ia.

I kekahi manawa, ha ikehu hiki ke loaʻa hou me ka wela. Ma keia hihia, no ka hanu kaʻina hana, e 'ai pono i loko o ka hoʻokali kūpono' dala o ka maloo mea. Hoʻonuiʻia ka hanu nā kaʻina hana no ka mea kanu iho mea,ʻaʻole i loko o nā hihia a pau, Ua pono.