He aha ka ka natriuretic peptides?

E like me ka mea i wehewehe ia ma ka hou i hala, i hou i ka maopopoʻoihana naau hanaʻia i ke kūlana o ka endocrine hui,. Ua ulu nō keʻano hoihoi ole wale i waena o theorists o ka lapaau, akā, i waena o nā loea. Natriuretic peptides (NUP) ia,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka myocardium, akā, i loko o ka helu o nā kūloko ma nā loko, mua discredited endocrine hana. Ua i kekahi hoɃoponopono i olelo hooholo e hoʻohana laupaʻi nā hoailona NFA i loko o ke koko no ka wānana 'ana i cardiac pathologies, e like me keia iaoia i ka uuku invasive a me ka oluolu no ka hoʻomanawanui.

I ka loaʻa mai o ka papa endocrine o ka naau

Natriuretic peptides i ua loaa ma na eighties o ka hope ke kenekulia, ka wā kānakaʻepekema i ike i ka pili ma waena o ka hoʻopilikia o ka naau keʻena , a me ka nui o ka secretion o ka mimi. Ke Kaka i mua, manao iho la ia ua he reflex kŰia, a haawi aku la ia la me ka manao.

Hope, i ka wa a ka study o keia ninau e hele mai, mai pathologists a me histology, ike aku la lakou i loko o na keena o ka'aʻaʻa, hapa o ka atrium, ma laila nō i loaʻa ka inclusions kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma lakou iho. Ua Ua ua experimentally ho'āʻo i ka extract, mai ka atria o nāʻiole produces he ikaika diuretic hopena. A laila, pomaikai ae la lakou i kaʻawale kaʻakika'amino a me ka kaʻina o ka'aminoʻakika residues i hoolilo ia.

Kekahi manawa ma hope, ua hōʻike 'biochemists ke kumuʻiʻo i loko o ka kaʻawale eiiiiiaiou ekolu (Alpha, Hoʻokolohua a me ka gamma), okoaʻaʻole wale nō i loko o Nine Inch' ole, akā, no ka mea, i ka hopena o ka Alpha ua ka ikaika ma mua o ka mea'ē aʻeʻelua. Currently ike okoa ia:

- atrial NUP ( 'ano A);
- cerebral NUP ( 'ano B);
- urodilatin ( 'ano C).

Biochemistry natriureticʻakika'amino

All natriuretic peptides i like ma ka 'ole a me ka oko wale i loko o ka hopena nitrogenous radicals a hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o ke kalapona nā'ātoma. I kēia lā, a pau hoomaopopo ua hoʻomōhala ma luna o nā chemists NUPʻano B, e like me ka mea i he oi paa palapala i loko o ke koko wai koko, a me nā pū e leie aku oe, e kiʻi hou aku informative hualoaʻa. Atrial NFA Radio ke kūlana o kekahi o na correctors o ka wai a me ka electrolyte koena o ke kino. Ua ua hua mai i loko o ka myocardium i loko o nā maʻamau, a me ka maʻi naʻau ole.

Ua Ua hoao ia kekahi precursor o ka lolo NUP ninoieo o 108'aminoʻakika residues i synthesized ma keena o ka ventricle hema. I ka wā o ka lātoma otshnurovyvaetsya mai ka cytoplasm, ke'ūhū furin hana ma luna o ia, aʻo kēia kumuʻiʻo i loko o konaʻeleu ano (32'amino nāʻakika o ka 108). NUP lolo i koe i loko o ke koko o 40 wale nō minuke, laila decomposed. Mahuahua ke kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala pili me ka loa ventricular paia hoʻopilikia a me cardiac ischemia.

Excretion UNYP mai ka wai koko ua hana i loko o ka papa kuhikuhiE aoao elua:

- cleavage o lysosomal nā'ūhū;
- proteolysis.

A kūlana alakai Ua haalele iho kanawai ma'ākilikai endopeptidase lātoma, akā, nā kiʻina hana he hoʻonui i ka hoʻopau o ka natriuretic peptides.

mea loaʻa'ōnaehana

All waiwai o natriuretic peptides i hana ma muli o ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me kā lākou receptors aia i loko o ka lolo, ipu koko, nāʻiʻo, a me ka iwi adipose'aʻaʻa. Like i ekolu ano o NFA, a ma laila he ekolu ano o receptors - A, B a me C. naʻe, i ka puunaue ana o "hana" i no laila, maopopo:

-ʻano A receptors pāʻani aku me ka atrial a me ka lolo NUP;
- Keʻano reacts wale i ka urodilatin;
- receptors ke hoopaa i na mea a pau ekolu ano o nā lātoma.

Receptors i fundamentally okoa mai kekahi i kekahi. A a me BʻAno e hoʻololi i ia? I ka intracellular hopena o natriureticʻakika'amino receptors a me ka 'ano C e koi' ia no ka biodegradation o ke kumuʻiʻo nā lātoma. Aia ka speculation ia waiū o cerebral UNYP lawe mai,ʻaʻole wale nō ma ke 'ano he mea loaʻa, akā, pū me nā kaʻimiʻana i kaʻai i nā pane maʻalahi ai i ka nui o cyclic guanosine monophosphate.

Ka nui helu o ke 'ano C receptors i loaʻa i loko o ka lolo'aʻaʻa, adrenal glands, puupaa, a me nā ipu. A lohe o UNYP lātoma e hoopaa ana i ka mea loaʻa o ke 'ano C, ka mea, ua kemu ma ka halepaahao, a ua pipili, a ua hoi aku la i kaʻili lahilahi i ka noa mea loaʻa.

Physiology natriureticʻakika'amino

Brain a atrial natriuretic peptides hana me ko lakou mau waiwai ma ka'ōnaehana o ka luna 'physiological pane. Akā, ka mea a pau e ho'ōla alakai ai i ka ia pahuhopu - hoemi i ka preload ma luna o ka naʻau. NUP e loli ai i ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko, endocrine, excretory a me ka Central ko mākou hopohopo kahua.

No kēia mau nā lātoma i ka Solomona no kela receptors, ka Kahiāuli Ho'ā, i ka hopena o kekahi mauʻano o NFA ma ka kekahi nenoaiu, ia mea pilikia. A, o kaʻakika'amino ia hilinaʻi nui ole wale ma luna o kona 'ano, akā, ma luna o ka henua kaʻimiʻana mea loaʻa.

Atrial natriureticʻakika'amino pili i vasoactive peptides, a laila he pololei ia ma vascular anawaena. Akā, 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu, mai ia mea mea hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nitric'okesaside a i paipai' ia ka vasodilation. NUP A a me B i ka iaʻano a me ka ao ao o ka ikaika 'ana ma luna o nā mea a pau ke ano o na moku, a me ka P-' ano pili kēia Hoʻonui i ka pono wale aa koko.

Nei ka mea, ua ua? Aaeaaaaony i ka NFA e e ike i ole wale me he vasodilator, akā, kuhikuhi me ka hoa o ka vasoconstrictor. Eia hou, he mau haʻawina e hōʻike i natriuretic peptides ho ololi i ka puunaue ana o loli i ka a mai o ka capillary pukapuka.

ʻaʻa puʻuwai 'ole o natriureticʻakika'amino

About ka natriureticʻakika'amino hiki e mai la oia ia ia mea he stimulant diuresis. Kuhikuhi NUPʻano A maoli heʻaʻa puʻuwai koko a me maoli i ka puʻe i loko o nā ipu o ka glomeruli. Kēia, ma ka huli, maoli ka glomerular kānana. I ka Ia manawa NUP type C maoli ka excretion o ka paʻakai Ion, a me keia hiki aku i ka hou emi ana o ka wai.

Me keia o kekahi nui loli i loko o ka'ōnaehana puʻe a pau ua i malama, a hiki ina kaʻakika'amino kaʻilikai māhuahua mau manawa. Nā haumana 'aelike i ka hopena o ia natriuretic peptides mana a ma luna o nā puʻupaʻa, e pono no i ka? Iaea o ka wai a me ka electrolyte koena i ka maʻi pathologies o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko nenoaiu.

'Ole ma o ka CNS

Brain natriureticʻakika'amino like atrial, hiki ole komo iloko i ke koko-lolo ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai. No laila, ka mea, he aha ka mea i ka'emi'ōnaehana hale a ke aupuni 'ma waho ia. Akā, oiai kekahi o ka NFA ua pee ma ka lolo membranes a me kona 'ē aʻe hoʻopunipuni.

Ka Central 'ole o natriuretic peptides moe i loko o ka mea ana e hoʻohuiʻana paha i naʻike ākea loli. Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka laʻana, pu me ka ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o cardiac preload kino emi kona nele i ka wai a me ka mea pōhaku paʻakai, a me EUIAaIN i ka leo o ka autonomic ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana i loko o ke ala o ka parasympathetic hapa.

keʻena hoʻokolohua hōʻailona

I ka manaʻo o ka lawe ana i ka natriureticʻakika'amino Ka Ikepili i kāna hana o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko'ōnaehana originated ma ke kakahiaka nui 90-ies o ka hope kenekulia. Aʻumi makahiki ma hope, i ka mua paʻi puke a me nā hualoaʻa o ka noiʻi i loko o kēia wahi. Ua Ua hoike ia B-ʻano NPU informative ka oolea o ka naau e loaa ke kālailaiʻana luaÿi maʻi Holomua ka wā a.

Kumuʻiʻo maʻiʻo Ua manao i loko o venous a pau ke koko, i kāwili pūʻia me ka EDTA, a ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i immunochemical Ka Ikepili. Maʻamau UNYP ilikai pono i oi aku mamua o 100 ng / ml. A eia hoi, he mea hiki e hooholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka precursor NFA Via electrochemiluminescent hana. Wahi lulu lapaau, aole e paa ana ia i kekahiʻano o ka hoʻohana ua hoʻopili immunosorbent mea o loko me ka paʻa kumu no ka hoomaopopo ana i ka nui o ka waiwai i loko o ke koko lāʻau lapaʻau.

Hoʻoholo 'ana o cardiac dysfunction

Natriureticʻakika'amino (kūmau - mai i 100 ng / ml) mea a ianoiyuaa a ka loa hanohano a me ka loa laekahi peni mäka no ka hoomaopopo ana i ka cardiac Muscle dysfunction. Nā haʻawina mua o na peptides i ua hoʻopili i ka hihia o ka differentiation o ka maʻi circulatory 'ole a me ka maʻi obstructive pulmonary maʻi. Mai ka ua 'ano like ka lapaʻau symptoms, i ka hoao ana e kokua, e kuhikuhi i ke kumu o ka maʻi puʻuwai a me wńnana i ka hou' ana o ka maʻi.

Ka lua o ka pathology, a i undergone kuka nei, mai kēia kuanaʻike, ua ka ischemic naʻau maʻi. Nā kākau o ka haʻawina 'aelike i ka wehewehena o NFA ilikai kōkua e hookupaa nui ae i ka oaeuiinoe make paha recurrence i loko o ka hoʻomanawanui. Eia hou, i ka hōʻeuʻeu ka hoʻokoloʻana NFA ilikai mea i ka peni mäka o ka lapaau hopenaʻoi loa.

Currently, i ka pae ana o NFA me ka nānā 'ia ma nā mea maʻi me ka cardiomyopathy, hypertension, stenosis o nā moku a me nā circulatory kāna hana.

E hoʻohana i cardiacʻoki kino

Empirically ka mea, ua hoikeia mai i ka nui o atrial natriureticʻakika'amino i loko o ke koko hiki ke manao me he anakahi o ka oolea o ke ano a me ka hana ana o ka ventricle hema i loko o nā mea maʻi ma mua a ma hope cardiacʻoki kino.

I ka like o kēia kŰia hoomaka i ka makahiki 1993, akā, wale i ka Kiure me ka unahiʻole i loko o nā 2000s. Ua Ua loaʻa i kaʻoi emi ma ka helu o NUP i loko o kaʻike ākea koko, ina ma mua kona pae i ua noke hōʻano hou, paipai i ua hoemiia ka hana o ka myocardium, a me ka hana ua holomua. Inā ka ho'ēmiʻana NFA i ole ana, make i ka hoʻomanawanui me ka 100% pahiki. Ka pilina ma waena o kona mau makahiki, ke keka, a pae o kaʻakika'amino i ua hōʻike ', nolaila, keia aka mea paʻa no nā waeʻano o nā mea maʻi.

Prognosis ma hope oʻoki kino

Ma mua oʻoki kino cardiac natriureticʻakika'amino mahuahua. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ina ia he ano e, alaila, o ka pono no ka iapaau ana ua,ʻaʻole ma laila. Ka nui kiʻekiʻe o NFA hoʻomanawanuiʻana ma mua lapaʻau mea he noho lakou malaila ololi i nui ololi ka prognosis ma hopeʻoki kino.

Mai ka pūʻulu koho no ke ao ua liʻiliʻi, nā hualoaʻa i hui. Ma ka kekahi lima, i maopopo ai ka nui o NFA ma mua, a ma hope oʻoki kino e leie kauka e kilokilo a lāʻau a me ka mea paahana kākoʻo nō e pono e hoʻokō 'loaa ana o ka naau o kona hana. No hoi ka mea i hoʻomaopopo i ka māhuahua dala o NUPʻano B mea he precursor o atrial fibrillation i loko o ka postoperative wā.