He aha ka ke kahua moʻomanaʻo? Field Post wwii a me kēia

Field Post Ua pâʻani 'o ia mau i ki kūlana i waena o nā mea a pau kona' ē? Ueo mea i loa ola ma luna o ka mokuna o Rusia. A laila, i ka alakai kulana, alaila, nalowale no ka lōʻihi manawa. Akā, i ka wā i kahi e unleashed koa i kāna hana, a hoomaka ae laʻeleu hostilities, ua kauoha koke hele mai hou i ka mua.

Ma lalo o Field Post ia olelo maopopo like me ka hana kūikawā e hoʻolako courier,-Holland hana hao wale. Keia inoa ka mea, i loko o peacetime, a me ka wartime, e lilo ia i nāʻoihana kaua.

No ke aha la ia i kekahi wahi 'aʻole e hoʻohana i ka mau helu palapala kahua

I mea e Mail haawi i lawe mai me ka haʻahaʻa, kēlā koa pa alima i ka helu kahua wahi e a, e hoʻouna aku palapala. A 1942 ka helu ana o mailboxes koa naehana ua imperfect, a ma ka hihia o ka interception o kaʻenemi helu wahi kokoke i ka wahi o ka poʻe hao wale ia ke hoike ole wale i ka maoli helu o koa huahelu, a hiki i ka wahi o ko lākou dislocation. Akā, ma hope o 05.10.1942 Ua kakauinoa ia ka mea NKO USSR №0679, i kau mai piha olelo ao no ka hoʻounaʻana yahoo mail i ka Red Army, a pau mā i ua? Ee. Mai ia manawa, ina aole oe i ike i ka helu o ka oihana koa pa alima, kona inoa, lala o ka hana a me ka wahi, me ka helu huli kahua moʻomanaʻo e e haawi i kekahi kūlike loa ike. Mauʻikepili i manaoia anamanaʻo (malu koa) a eʻaʻole e hōʻike,ʻaʻole wale laila, e hele aku ia lakou i ke kaua, akā, e like me ka peacetime.

I ka moolelo o ka hanana o ke kahua moʻomanaʻo

Ka lā o ka hookumu ana ua manaoia e e kahua moʻomanaʻo i ka 1695. I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā no ka mea, ua i ke alii hope o nā mea a pau Rusia, a me ka mea mua Russian Emperor Peter I. Ua hanaʻia i loko o ka kaulana Azov paipai aʻo kai eʻe. Ka pololei, Russian koa lāʻau kū ma laila ma ke kai eʻe (April 1695 - August 1696) ma nāʻaoʻaoʻelua o ka neʻe o poʻe hao wale: ka Volga, a me ka Don. Ua hana aneane koke lawa. No ka laʻana, emails hoouna mai Moscow, i ka makemake mākaʻikaʻi i loko o ka aina o Azov e pili ana i ka 15th lā.

Name "kahua moʻomanaʻo"ʻikeʻia wale nō i loko o May 1712, a me ka hope hoʻopaʻa ma koa rula wale Peter I i ka 1716 I ke kakahiaka nui 18th kenekulia (ma ka Great Northern War) e kākoʻo kamailio ma waena o ke kapikala a me ke alo i ua waiho ai-kapa laina o "wikiwiki palapala. " "Ua aneane i ka holopapa" hoʻohana manawa, akā, e lawelawe 'ana mua dragoons, ka poe i hope auou caiaiai i kaʻike mau Keaukaha.

Next blossoming kahua moʻomanaʻo i hele mai i loko o 1812, ka wā a me ke kōkua o ka mea i hoakaka ia ma ka palapala ma waena o nā wahi likeʻole o ka poe koa. ia kekahi hōʻike ana me St. Petersburg, Moscow a me ka hope. Code Napoleon hoomakaʻeleu paipai 'ia Moscow, he hailona no hou-Holland alanui i hoʻonohonoho (aneane na mea kanu ua, mai 30 a hiki i 50 mau lio, a i lako heluna kanaka). Ma hope o Napoleon ka poʻe hao wale iʻulupā, a hooauheeia'ku hoʻi i ka mokuna, ke kahua moʻomanaʻo neʻe hope, a ua aneane ma Palika.

Ke kūlana o ke kahua kia ma ke Kanawai War

I Soviet manawa, i pili i ka eke leta i ka mahinaʻai o ka nui, o ka oi aku i ka wa a ke aupuni hekili kivila kaua. Ua i laila, i ka mea (helu 233 i hana ia 29.02.1920 i) i kakauinoaia, e olelo ana ma ole hihia hiki aole e hookaulua i ka-Holland kaa ma ke alahao. I mea e ia i loko o mau noi, na commandants o e pāpā ikaika a pau i ka huakaʻi wahi ua e paʻa ia i kekahi hapa o ka huakaʻi. I ia manawa, eke vans ua like ka nui o nā kaʻa me nā koa ukana. Eia hou, i keia mea i hōʻike mai i ka eke leta haawi no ka Red Army mea ole wale C. Brewer koa nui, akā, i pono a me ka pili kalai aupuni.

Field Post, a me ka Great Patriotic War

Iloko o ke kaua i ka pilina ma waena o koa naehana, moku, kela koa hoʻonaʻauao kulanui, e hana, e like me ka heluna kanaka e lawe mai koa kahua moʻomanaʻo. Ma ka loa lono kaumaha wā i loko o ka moʻolelo o ko mākou'āina ka meʻe ole wale na koa, akā, i ka-Holland hana, i haawi aku palapala i ke kanawai koa naehana, ka maopopo mua i ko lakou mau ola iho. Ka mea, i kekahi e lawe i na mea kaua, a hoomalu aku i kona maikai ukana, no ka mea, ina o ka palapala iho la i loko o ka lima o kaʻenemi, ko makou poe koa ke hoomanawanui nunui poho.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ke kahua moʻomanaʻo wwii i loko o ka mahina haawi i ka Red Army ma kahi o 70 miliona palapala a me 30 miliona nūpepa. Ka nui loa ka leo o ka palapala i waena o nā koa a me kā lākou mau mea i aloha ai poe e noho ana i loko o ka hope.

I ka hoʻomaka o ka Great Patriotic War Office Ua hoʻokumuʻia kaʻoihana-mail (ma ke kumu o ka Main Keʻena Luna o ka Red Army Hoʻokaʻa '). Nō hoʻi ma luna o nā fronts, a ma nā mea a pau poʻe kaua ke keʻena luna kūkulu i kūikawā oihana, a ma ka māhele - kila kahua AYN.

Hiʻona o ka hoʻouna 'eke i ka mua

Palapala hoomau ia e hoʻopakeleʻo ia i ka pua ana o Leningrad a me ka palapala moʻopane o Sevastopol. Field Post i i hooki aku i ko lakou hana, ma muli naʻe o ka pololi, ke anu, a me ka ikaika bombardments. Palapala i lawe mai sledging, kaʻa, a hiki wale hoololiia i ka lima.

Iloko o ka bombardment pau ole o ke kumukuai i ka hana o ka oihana koa kahua moʻomanaʻo? Anoa i ka hana i loko o ka harshest ana. Manamana lima a me ka assorted palapala i loaa ole wale i loko o ka dugouts, a pupupu, a hiki pono ma ka honua a ma ka ulu lāʻau glade. He pinepine pono e haawi emails e haawe lauhala crawling ma lalo o mīkini-pū ke ahi, maalo ae la oia ma minefields. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui i ke hoopakele i ka palapala mai ka home i na koa i loko o ka 'auwaha, a me nā palapala - luna ma bunkers. A i ka lono, mai ka hale i ka poe koa ikaika a me ka hoʻomau 'e hoomalu aku i ko lakou'āina.

Ka huapalapala mua-aaeuoa - News, mai ke alo

Leta haawi ua lawe mai nā ma ke alo, a hiki i ka hope, mai ke alo. I ka wā o ka postman loaʻa ma lalo o volleys o "Katyusha" i ka makemake hapa o ke koa, ka mea, i mai i ka palapala ma ke ano o ka triangle. Ka mea, ua i ka lono, mai ke alo, kanaka maoli, ka mea i olelo e pili ana i ka mea i kā lākou keiki kāne, a me nā kāne e ola ana.

Ma ka Soviet Union i hoʻouna lākou i palapala mai i ke alo no ka noa. Ka mea, i loko o ka päkaua (me kēia papa hana,ʻo ia ka hoʻohana envelopes i ua nani paakiki ke kiʻi ma luna o ka mea mua laina,ʻaʻole i nā mea a pau) ma ke ano o ka triangle.

Kekahi loaʻa ia i kekahi palapala Ua puni hoʻi: lawe i mau huinahń loa kuina (pinepine kona kaili ana mai o ka loa maʻamau puke noke), kūlou i mua mai ka pono a hiki i haʻalele, a laila, hope versa - mai haʻalele i ka akau. I ka Ia manawa koe he uuku loloa o ka pepa, a ua hookomoia iloko o ka triangle. O ka hana ana, i kekahi e sila palapala (kēlā me kēia palapala mai ka mua censorship kaʻina hana i wahi, no laila, i ole ai kaʻenemi i ike i ka manao o ka Red Army), i ka momoku ahi ua ole hoʻohana ', a me ka helu wahi palapala ma luna o ka pepa.

Ka helu'ōnaehana i loko o ka Soviet Union

Ma ke kahua o ka mea kahiko USSR-mail ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka kūikawā nenoaiu o helu i ka oihana koa naehana a me nā wahi likeʻole. Where maʻamau aae? Pono e palapala, kuhikuhi palapala a me nā helu. Ka mea, ua ka mea mua ma ka palapala / hora i ke ano o ka oihana koa pa alima, a laila, i ukali ia e ka huahelu elima-moʻo o ka helu - i kekahi hapa o ka kivila, ma hope, palapala iho la i ka palapala (i Kû ka maloko subdivision). It E e kaulana ia i loko o ka Soviet Union haawi o ka pepa a me ka palapala no conscripts (like me ia, a me ka hope versa) ka noa o ka uku ole.

Ka papa moku'āina o ke kahua aae? I loko o ka Russian Hui

I ko makou manawa, ke kahua moʻomanaʻo i ole lilo kona waiwai. E i ae no, e like me ma mua, i ki i ka hoʻolako 'i ka loulou ma waena o ka mea likeʻole me ka ho okumu koa. Ano, na koa pa alima i kona mau hōʻailona, a he elima (eha) helu a me nā palapala (no ka laʻana, №54321-U a / h №01736-C).

I ka eke leta (i ka mahinaʻai), ka Russian Hui hoomau kona hana, i ke aupuni mau e ka mea hoʻoholo no kona kākoʻo a me ka hou. Pela, i loko o kekahi o ka RF Goskoma kauoha no kele'ōlelo a me ka 'ike (№104 ma 25.12.1997) ka mea i ike ia, ma ka maʻamau palapala a me nā kāleka poʻoleka (he 20 g) i hoouna mai koa huahelu, a hoouna aku la ma ka RF e e hehi iho triangular shape. Kēia, hehi iho keʻae i ka palapala, aole ia i koi Ka Uku Leka. Ua pono, ina e kaupaona oi laila, o ka hoʻouna ua lawe mai ma luna o ka hoʻomaopopo like 'aelike (ma ke kōmi).

Ma ke ala, i ka palapala-triangle mauna mea no i ola ma hope iho aʻe, no ka mea, i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ke kaua envelopes nō loa paakiki, e hiki mai ana, no laila, i kēia iaoia ua nō hoʻomano i hoʻohana.