Hydrobromicʻakika. Nā Papahana O Ka la hoomalolo, physical a me ka Nine Inch waiwai

Hydrobromicʻakika (i kapa hydrogen bromide) - mea he'okanikaʻole hui o ka hydrogen (H) me ka bromine (br). He He colorless kinoea, a 'ano apau loa i ka ohu, i loko o nā hua ea.

He aha e na ano o ka loaa hydrogen bromide

No ka mea, o ka degere kiʻekiʻe o ka oxidizability bromovodoronoyʻakika, hiki ole ke loaa kona waiwai ma ka mea o ka i kia sulfuricʻakika i ka mekala 'åkilikai metala bromides. ʻO kēia naoh ia lŘlŘ:

2KBr (potasiuma bromide) + 2N2SO4 (sulfuricʻakika) = K2SO4 (potasiuma sulufahate) + SO2 (ka sulfur'okesaside) + Br2 (bromine lātoma) + 2H2O (ka wai)

1. I ka hana ka loaa ana nāʻakika e like me hydrobromic, lawe mai ma ka naoh i loko i ka constituent hehee pane koke. No ka laʻana, ua e noʻonoʻo hiki ke loaa ka waiwai like penei:

H2 (hydrogen lātoma) + Br2 (bromine lātoma) = 2HBr (hydrobromicʻakika)

Kēia naoh Ua hiki i ka wela o ka 200 a hiki i 400 degere.

2. He i hiki ke loaa i kekahi hydrobromicʻakika ma lūmaua, a ma kekahi mau aoao.

- ma ka hydrolysis pentabromide a phosphorus tribromide:

PBr3 (tribromide) + 3H2O (ekolu wai nā lātoma) = H3PO3 (phosphoricʻakika) + 3HBr (hydrobromicʻakika, Nine Inch haʻilula)
PBr5 (pentabromide) + 4H2O (eha ka wai nā lātoma) = H3PO4 (phosphoricʻakika) + 5HBr (hydrogen bromide)

- ma ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka bromine:

3Br2 (ekolu nā lātoma bromine) + S (luaipele) + 4H2O (ka wai) = (naoh mea hiki i ka wela o 100-150 degere) H2SO4 (sulfuricʻakika) + 6HBr (hydrogen bromide)
3Br2 (ekolu nā lātoma bromine) + KNO2 (potasiuma nitrite) + 4H2O (ka wai) = KNO3 (potasiuma nitrate) + 2HBr (hydrogen bromide)

- pau ka ia hoʻi, me ka diluteʻakika mai ka mekala 'åkilikai metala bromides:

KBr (potasiuma bromide) + H2SO4 (sulfuricʻakika) = KHSO4 (potasiuma hydrogensulfate) + HBr (hoʻokuʻuʻia me ke kinoea)

3. E like me ka ma-huahana hydrogen bromide hiki ke loaa i loko o ka hoʻololi kemikala o ke aloha i huiʻia bromoproizvodnyh.

Ke physical waiwai o ka hydrogen bromide:

1. hydrobromicʻakika - He kinoea me ke kala me ka kaʻawaʻawa loa a me ka pungent ala. Ikaika nicotine i loko o ka lewa. Ua loaʻa He kiʻekiʻe ia'ku i ka mahana.

2. Ua pono ia ka pono i loko o H2O (ka wai), a me ka ethanol e hana i ka electrolyte. Ke koʻana koko HBr pāʻoihana 'ano apau loa i azeotrope e maʻi hēhē ma ka wela o ka 124 degere. I kekahi hano o ka wai hoike mai i ka hola hapalua o ka hano o ka hydrogen bromide (ma 0 degere).

3. hiki e hoomakaukau i ke kaʻina hana o ka anuanu maila ka koʻana koko pāʻoihana o ke hydrogen bromide mea pōaka hydrates like penei: HBr * H2O, HBr * 2H2O, HBr * 4H2O.

4. Clean bromide ano nā pōaka o ka orthorhombic aniani'ōnaehana, liuliu, pae F mmm.

5. I ka wela ana o -66,8 degere i wai, a me ma - 87 degere solidifies.

Nine waiwai o ka hydrogen bromide:

1. hydrobromicʻakika ano ma ka reacting me ka wai o kaʻakika ikaika mea monobasic. Kēia naoh Ua like penei:

HBr + H2O (ka wai) = Br- (bromine anion) + H3O + (hydronium ion)

2. kēia mea mea hoʻopale ke kiʻekiʻe mahana, nae, ma 1000 degere ma kahi o 0.5% o nā mea a pau na nā lātoma i decomposed:

2HBr (hydrobromicʻakika) = h2 (hydrogen lātoma) + Br2 (bromine lātoma)

3. E noonoo Hoʻokaʻaʻike ka Nine Inch hui reacts me keʻano o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia e like me kā lākou mau kumu, a oxides. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka reactions:

2HBr + mg (makanekiuma) = MgBr2 (makanekiuma bromide) + h2 (hoʻokuʻuʻia me ke kinoea)
2HBr + CaO (kalipuna'okesaside) = CaBr2 (kalipuna bromide) + H2O (ka wai)
HBr + NaOH (paʻakai hydroxide) = NaBr (paʻakai bromide) + H2O (ka wai)

4. bromide mea i ka hoemi hope paha. Ua Ua oxidized ma ka lewa lohi. No keia kumu, kona koʻana koko pāʻoihana ma hope o ka manawa penaʻia i loko oʻeleʻele. Ke naoh E e ia:

4HBr (hydrobromicʻakika) + O2 (oxygen lātoma) = 2Br2 (bromine lātoma) + 2H2O (ka wai)

palapala noi

Bromide ua hoʻohana 'ia e hana i kekahi (hoʻololi kemikala) o likeʻole ke aloha bromine nā mea loaʻa, a no ka makaukau o na mea hiki ke hooheheeia bromides. O ka mau mea nui o ke kālā bromide i ua hoʻohana ma o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka ho film kiʻi mea.

Pehea ka halihali

ʻO nā paukūʻolokaʻa 68, a me capacitance o 6,8 nā lika ma lalo o puʻe o ka 24 me ka lewa.