I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka cathartic ano o ka psychotherapy Breyer Yozef: Kawaihae, na hana a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Breyer Yozef - he'Aukekulelia kauka a me ka physiologist, a Sigmund Freud a me kekahi poe e ae i kapa i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka psychoanalysis. He ua hiki ke hoola i ka maʻi, mai hysteria symptoms ma hope o kona hypnotized e kōkua iā ia hoomanao i kaʻawaʻawa loa, ao ke ano o ka mea i hala. He kamailio e pili ana i kana hana a me nā hualoaʻa ma Sigmund Freud, a haawi aku la ia ia i ko lākou nā mea maʻi.

Yozef Breyer: Kawaihae

Hânau 'ia ma luna o 01.15.1842 ma Vienna, a make iho la ia ilaila 20/06/1925. Makua Yozefa Leopold (1791-1872) ua he Kumu o ka hoomana hai 'ia e ka Viennese Iudaio kaiāulu. Breuer ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka mea like no ia "i ka hanauna o East Europa poe Iudaio, ka mea mua i hele mai mai o ka' imi naʻauao ghetto ma ka lewa o ka Western ao nei."

make iho la kona makuwahine ia ia i kahi o eha makahiki, a me na makahiki i kakahiaka nui o ke ola Breyer Yozef kana a me kona kupunawahine. Makua i ao mai ai ia ia, i ewalu, a lailaʻo ia i komo aku i ke KU¯ Gymnasium ma Vienna, ua noho ia ma 1858.ʻO kēia ka makahiki, ma hope o hele i ka papa o ke Kulanui naauao, Yozef Breyer hele aku la i ka 'inikua kula ma ke Kulanui o Vienna, a puka' o ia mai ka 'inikua aʻo i ka 1867. I ka hookahi makahiki, koke ma hope o ka hōʻike,ʻo ia lilo hope kauka Johann Oppolzer. I ka wa i make ai i ka 1871, Breuer ka hoʻomaka 'ana i kona mau' oihana hoʻopololei.

Best Vienna kauka

I ka 1875, Breuer lilo hope Kumu o ka Inc. Ua haʻalele mai kona wahi July 7, 1885, e like me ia i hōʻole komo i ka hoomanawanui a me ka hoʻonaʻauao Pahuhopu. He i hoole, e ae i ka surgeon Billroth koho ia no ka inoa o ka ÷ ino Kumu. Kona olelo pilina me ka 'inikua nā kumu kula, he ai ke kanana nei.

I ka Ia manawa, Breuer i ua 'ike e like me kekahi o ka maikai loa kauka a me nā kānakaʻepekema ma Vienna. I ka hana i lilo i ka papa kuhikuhiE hoopanee, aʻoiai nō naʻeʻo kekahi manawa hea aku ia ia iho i ka "mau practitioner", oia ua mea i keia la ua kapaia ka kino. Kekahi manaʻo o ka inoa maikaʻi o ka Breuer ke haawi aku i ka mea e, ua nui loa Kumu o ka Lapaʻau o ka'Āuna Kumu, e like me Sigmund Freud a me ke Kuhina Nui Kuhina o Hungary i waena o kona hoʻomanawanui iki mai. I ka 1894, ua koho 'ia i ka Vienna Academy o Sciences, ma luna o ka manaʻo o kona mau lala loa koʻikoʻi, physicist Ernsta Maha, a physiologists Evalda Geringa a me Sigmund Exner.

Personal ola

May 20, 1868 Breyer Yozef mare Matilda Altmann, ka mea i hānau ai nāna elima keiki: Robert, Bertha Hammershlyag Margaret Schiff, Hans a me Dora. Breuer ka kaikamahine Dora hana he pepehi anaʻia iā iho,ʻaʻole makemake no ka loaa mai ma ka Nazis. Ka mea pepehi i kona moʻopuna Hannah Breuer Schiff. Ke koena o kona mau mamo e noho ana maʻEnelani, Canada a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia.

ʻepekema hana

Breyer Yozef aʻo lapaau ma Vienna, a loaa ia i konaʻano i ka 1864. He aʻo i ka physiology o thermoregulation a me ka hanu nā (Hering-Breuer reflex). I ka 1871 hoomaka ae la oia i kana hana ma Vienna. I ka Ia manawa alakaʻi noiʻi ma o ka hana o ka pā pepeiao (Mach-Breuer pähola 'ana o ka pele o endolymphatic loli). Lilo i ke kahuna lapaau i ka 1874, hoi aku la oia i kona mau haʻawina i loko o 1884.

Breuer ua he hoaaloha no ka ohana kauka a me kekahi mau hoa o ka Kumu College o Vienna a me ke poʻo o ke kaiāulu kanaka, kiʻekiʻe. He mālama i ka palapala me ka Artists, kākau moʻolelo, poe akeakamai, psychologists a me nā hoapili i loko o kou kahua, a ma ka 1894 ua kohoʻo ia i ka lālā e like no ka Academy o Sciences.

Good na Lunakanawai o ka kālaiʻike, Breyer Yozef ua hoihoi i loko o ka pähola 'ana o kaʻike a me kaʻimi naʻauao kumu o Darwinism, a ua hookupaa iho la ia ma kona mau komo i loko o ka hālāwai kūkā ma ka 1902 a me ka hoonohonoho hou ana i palapala me Manuela av Brentano. He ua kaʻeleu aku i komo i loko o ke kūkākūkā e pili ana i na kumu o ke o nā kālai'āina a me ka ideology, e like me kūkā mai nei mea o ke akamai, a me ka moʻokalaleo mele.

E like me ka naʻauao, a assimilated Iudaio,ʻo ia i kekahiʻano o ka pantheism, ka mea, ua lawe ma Goethe a me Gustav Teodora Fehnera. Kona punahele kauä i ka'īʻana mai Spinoza Suum esse conservare ( «Save, e ola ana"). He Ua pūliki pono ma ka palapala o ka skepticism, a, i kēia William Makepeace Thackeray, "daimonio" akā, "i puʻe wale akula kēlā iā ia, e ninau aku i kekahi Puhi ihoʻike hou. Aie i ka piha ike o ka mōʻaukala o nā manaʻo, mōʻaukala o ka lawelawe a me ka mau ana o kona au, e like me ka pono me ka kumu e pili ana i kona ola iho, ka mea i manaoio aku i ka mea, ua aneane hiki ole ke lawe questionable hana.

Ke kumu o ke ao ua a hiki i Breuer ma physiology, e imi i ka pilina ma waena o nā hale a me ka papa, a pela hōʻike i ka teleological ano o ke noi. He ua hoihoi i loko o ka hoʻokonukonu kaʻina hana i loko o ka palapala o ka pakiko maomeka. E like me ka helu ana o physiologists ma ka ai-kapa ana biofizikalistov, lana e Ernst Brücke, Hermann av Helmholtz a me Du Boisa-Reymond, Breuer manaoio ma ka Neo-vitalism.

i ka hoʻomaka o ka psychoanalysis

I nā makahiki 1880-1882ʻo ia i ana i ka bipi keiki hoomanawanui Bertha Pappenheim (Anna O.), ka mea i ae mai i ko mākou hopohopo cough a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe hysterical symptoms (naʻau i loko nā poʻohiwi o, loli ma Hawaii o ka ike paka i, pilikia makapō ka haunaele, lōlō a me ke kāʻili' ana, aphasia). Ma lōʻihi i kamaʻilio kauka a me kona mau âlapa pôhili me ua ike ia kekahi o na hoikeana o ka maʻi nalowale ka wā Memories o ko lākou kīnā mua, a ua lilo i mea hiki ke paʻi i ka pili e loli ai i ua hoihoi hou ia. Kēia i hiki mai i kekahi manawa i ka noho'na makaainana i ulu avtogipnoticheskih Hawaii. Ma muli o kēia mau loina, initially ma ka paha, i ke ahonui a me ka kahuna lapaau e pono e hoʻomohala i kekahi kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana i ke kaʻina hana e hiki ai kanaka symptoms i nā hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i loko aʻe chronological mea a nalo ma hope o ka piha nā'ōlelo o ka palapala loa lakou. I kekahi manawa, i Inc hoʻohanaʻimi hoʻopunipuni hypnosis, ināʻaʻole i ka hoʻomanawanui i loko o ka moku'āina o ka hoʻoponopono-hypnosis.

Iloko o ka Inc koi 'ia paʻa noho o Anna O.? Aaieou kokoke Vienna no ka mea, o ka mahuahua pilikia o suicidal ahonui. I loko nō o ka maopopo, a me ka unexpected pomaikai o ke ano, kekahi o na hoikeana o ka maʻi i koe. Mau komo he pokole hoopoina kā lākou 'ōlelo, a me ka ikaika trigeminal neuralgia, i koi lapaʻau me ka Morphine mea addictive. No ka mea, no kēia mau symptoms, Breuer haawiia no ka hou lapaau i ke kauka Lyudvigu Binsvangeru ma Bellevue Sanatorium ma Kreuzlingen i loko o July 1882. Ua Ua hookuu i loko o October, me nā hana hou, akā, pau hoola mai.

E alu like me Freud

I ka 1882, Breyer Yozef kūkākūkā luna o na hihia a me kona colleague Sigmund Freud, ka mea i 14 makahiki o kona Junior. Ma hope iho o ka la mahope, hoomaka ae la ka hana neurologist, oia hoao i kēia hana ma luna o lākou nā mea maʻi. Ma muli o ka pähola 'o Charcot, Pierre Janet, Mobius, Ippolita Bernhayma a me kekahi poe e ae, ka mea, ua Kāʻeokūlani, hoʻomohala i kaʻimi naʻauao kumu o ka functioning o ka psychic i hoʻomākaukauʻia, a pākōlea ke kaʻina hana, a lakou i kapa aku "i ke ano o ka catharsis," Ua haawiia i Aristotle mau manaʻo e pili ana i pōʻino hana (catharsis like me ka huikalaʻana o ka hoolohe Emotions ).

I ka 1893, paʻiʻia ka mea, i ka mua hoike "Ma ka psychicalʻano papa hana o hystericalʻike manaʻo". Mau makahiki ma hope ka mea i hahai ia e "Pilikanaka ma Hysteria", "kihi-pohaku o ka psychoanalysis", waiho iho i nā kumu i loko o ke kula o ka psychiatry. I ka pepa i ka Mokuna hoolilo i ka kumumanaʻo (Breyer), kekahi mea laʻa Inc (Freud), a me elima hihia moʻolelo (Anna O., Emmy av N., Katarina, Lucy R., Elisabeta av R.).

Mālama o psychoanalysis

Freud hana mau e hoʻomohala i ka kumumanaʻo, aʻano hana ana e hana pu me Breuer (aiiay neuroses, noa o ka 'ona). Josef ia i hoomaopopoia o ka pono no ka mea mikanele accentuation o ka moe aʻe, a me kona nā hoapili i ike ai i ke aoʻana hoailona o ka poe. I ka 1895, o ka mamao ma waena o lākou, a mahuahua nui, i alakai aku ai i ka hopena o ko lākou laulima.

Hoomau ana i ka hōʻike pono i loko o ka ulu ana o ka psychoanalytic kumumanaʻo, ka cathartic iaoia Breyer Yozef, Nākulukulu nō. Freud hope? Aaeaaaaony i ke kuhiakau i iapaau ana o Anna O. i ho opa ao keʻakeʻa ma muli o ia i ka ikaika erotica transference, i ukali ia e kekahi hysterical hāpai keiki, a hānau. Kēia mana o ka hanana? Aeiino? E Freud a me Ernest Jones, he pono ole, i waena o nā mea a pau, hiki ole ku mōʻaukala scrutiny. More nā ho'āʻo e hōʻike ana i ke ano o ka hihia o Anna O. ua hoopunipuni, nā kūʻiʻo i ole ua makani hoʻi mai.

versatile kanaka

Yozef Breyer ua launa me ka nui o ka brightest ka pilina o kona manawa. He hana i ka lōʻihi palapala me Brentano, ua he kokoke hoaaloha o ka haku mele Marie av Ebner-Eschenbach, a hoa me Mach, ka mea ana i halawai i haʻawina o ka pā pepeiao. Breuer ka manao ma ka palapala, a me ka philosophical nīnau, apparently, i hoʻomaha ai akea ke aloha. Breyer olelo nui 'ōlelo: no ka laʻana, i alakaʻi i ka iapaau ana o Anna O. lōʻihi manawa ma ka' ōlelo Pelekānia. Ka laulā a me ka hohonu o kona moʻomeheu pono, ua like me hana a me ka nui, e like me kona 'inikua a me kaʻepekema e piʻi like.

Yozef Breyer: hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

• Ma hope o kona hoʻomanawanui Anne G. hana ikaika IeIIeYOA ana, e hali ana i ka olelo moe ano, Breyer Yozef hana ma ka psychotherapy, e noi ka hui 'ana hoʻomanawanui iki mai' oni iki i Freud ka me.
• Breuer ike i neurotic symptoms ala mai ma muli o ke subconscious keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a hele ia e lilo ia i mea manao.
• Zigmund Freyd e piʻi like ma ka psychotherapy koi 'ia i ka Breuer, ka mea i hoʻolauna aku la ia ia i kona mau discoveries, a haawi aku la ia ia i ko lākou nā mea maʻi.
• I ka makahiki 1868,ʻo ia i ho'ākāka 'ia i ka reflex Hering-Breuer, ka mea i komo i ka pāʻana i ka inhalation a ana iloko o maʻamau hanu.
• I ka makahiki 1873 Breuer wehe i ka sensory hana o ka semicircular Canal pokou Kimi o ka pā pepeiao, a me ko lakou pili ana me ke kohoʻia ma ka makahiki, a me ke ano o ke koena.
• Ma o kona makemake, oiaʻia maila kona mau makemake i ka e cremated, a me ka mea i hanaia.