Make mai Dinosaurs? I ka wā o nā dinosaurs lilo i mea ole?

Dinosaurs - e kahiko mea i iʻikeʻia ma luna o ka Honua ma kahi o 225 miliona makahiki aku nei. No ka 160 miliona makahiki, i kēia mau holoholona Kīwala'ō i ka Honua. ia'na au i kahi o 5 miliona makahiki, a me kēia manawa ma kahi o 65 miliona makahiki i loko o ke ao nei ka mea, i ole holoholona. He nui hypotheses ke kumu o nā dinosaurs nalowale. Make mai a oki ae i ke ola, i kēia mau holoholona e e kūkākūkā i loko o kā mākou 'atikala.

Ke ano o na dinosaurs

Honua i noho ma kekahi laha 'o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona 3 ieeeea makahiki aku nei. Ma ka evolution o nā mea kanu a me na holoholona e hele mai, a hele aku, a me kēlā me kēia kaʻina i kona mau manawa ponoi a me ka manawa. Dinosaurs noho ma luna o ka Honua i loko o ka Mesozoic au - o ka Triassic, Canyon a me ka Cretaceous manawa.

Ka mua na mea kanu i ka līoho, a me ka holoholona mua - uuku clams. Keʻano o ka iʻa ana ma kahi o 500 miliona makahiki aku nei. Kahi o 370 miliona makahiki aku nei, hele mai i ka aina holoholona mua - amphibians. Mea kolo - he hou pūʻulu o na holoholona, iʻikeʻia ma kahi o 300 miliona makahiki aku nei. Nā holoholona he scaly ili, ka mea hiki ke kau hua, a ke noho ma luna o ka'āina. Ke kekahi i loko o ke kaulahao o ka evolution ua lilo dinosaurs. Loa iaʻi holoholona i impetus i ke kūpono 'ana o ka' epekema e like me paleontology.

Description o dinosaurs

Kekahi o na holoholona kupaianaha i noho ma luna o ka Honua, e dinosaurs. Pehea e lilo i mea ole, a pehea la lakou i noho ai, i kēia mau holoholona nui hiki e hookolokoloia mai ai au wale ma ka fossilized koe. E like me ka wāwahie mooolelo, ua hiki ke manao nei makou, ka mea, he mau mea kolo, e like crocodiles, o ua moo nei, kuhukukū a me nā nahesa. Size dinosaurs loli aʻe ma luna o ke akea huahelu - mai ka moku a hiki i na kanaka nunui. Ka mea, he eha wawae, a me ka huelo. E ku ana a me ka neʻe dinosaurs i pololei wāwae, hoʻokahi - ma kona diawahine ia wāwae, ka mea 'ē aʻe - ma nā mea a pau, eha, na mea e ae ke neʻe nā ma elua, a ma luna o eha lala. He nui dinosaurs ua lōʻihi'ā'ī a me nā niho. Lākou kaianoho koholā Ua pio ka polokalamu nui, akā, 65.000 makahiki aku nei, ka mea, koke lilo ole.

Dinosaurs e māheleʻia i loko o nā pūʻulu: Saurischia a me Ornithischia. pūʻulu oko ao nei i loko o ka 'ole o nā iwi pelvic. Ma Saurischia dinosaur pelvis 'ole chetyrohluchevoe, oiai ornithischian - trohluchevoe. Ma kekahi? Ueo ornithischian ona pepeiaohao, spike in, kapa kila.

Ka muli o ka hoihoi i loko o dinosaurs

I ka 30-ies o ka XIX kenekulia, ka mea i ike mua fossilized wailua o dinosaurs. A laila, archaeologists i i paʻa i ka mea nui iā ia, a ma hope o kekahi manawa wale nō ka mea, ua hoʻomaka iholaʻo ia i kēia mau fossils no i na holoholona kahiko. Ke loa manaʻo o "dinosaur" Ua hoʻolauna ma ka Beritania zoologist Richard Owen ma ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia. Mai ka Lakina "dinosaur" 'o ia hoʻi "weliweli", "pilikia", "weliweli", akā, me ka olelo Helene,' ōlelo - "Raptor", "moo". Mai laila, hoihoi i loko o kēia mau holoholona ua mau e ulu ana. Ehia na makahiki aku nei na dinosaurs lilo i mea ole? Ke pane i keia ninau ua hoakaka ia ma ka 'epekema o paleontology. Makamua holoholona like noiʻi, māka hōkūʻia i loko o ka ho film, e lilo meʻe o nā puke. A ma muli naʻe o ka hoihoi nui ana i ka ninau o ke kumu i ka dinosaurs lilo i mea ole, ka mea kiko'ī pane mea ole.

Ke au o ka dinosaurs

I ka pau ana o ka Permian wā i ke kahua o ka hookahi'āinapuniʻole - Pangea. A ano hiʻona o keia manawa i ka global pele haʻawina a me ka nalowale ana o ma kahi o 90% o nā holoholona. Best hakuloli i ka hou ana mea kolo. I ka hoʻomaka o ka Triassic mea kolo ikea kekahi pūʻulu i kapaia "pelycosaur". Ma ka hapalua like-Triassic wā e loli i ka pae o ka mea kolo kapaia "therapsids". Ma ia laua me ka therapsid nui ka hou pūʻulu o nā mea kolo - archosaurs. Kēia pūʻulu o nā mea kolo o ka kupuna o nā dinosaurs, pliosaurs, crocodylomorpha, ichthyosaurs, pterosaurs a me placodont. ʻO kēia laha 'o nā mea kolo Ua kapaʻia thecodonts, a ua ua hakuloli i ke ola ma ka aina. A mai ia i ko lakou ulu ana dinosaurs. Ua hakuloli loa holoholona, a noho i ka Hoʻohaku kulana ma ka aina, ma ka wai a me ma ka lewa pono.

Iloko o ka Triassic, ua na kēia mau ʻano o nā dinosaurs: tselofizis, mussaurus a me procompsognathus. Mākou hoʻomōhala a Hawaiʻi nō hoʻi dinosaurs.

Ua nui loa na holoholona i noho ai i loko o ka Canyon wā. Ma ka Late Canyon wā, hoomaka ae la e hōʻike honua holoholona - Brachiosaurus, Diplodocus, a me na mea e ae.

Ma Cretaceous i ka moana a me ka moana lilo prevalent pio mea kolo. Aia i hou ke ano o dinosaurs.

Ka pau ana o

Cretaceous manawa i - ke au o ka pomaikai kanaka nunui o ua moo nei, pterodakteley makani a me nā mea kolo. I ka pau ana o ka Cretaceous wā, he mea he mahae i loko o ka'āinapuniʻole o Pangea Gondwana a me Laurasia. Ka Honua ka aniau lilo nuiʻOi aku ka paʻapū i nāʻauamo i hana hau papale. Aia mau flowering mea kanu, a me maoli i ka helu o nā mea kolo.

A pau i kēia alakaʻi i ka ia'na o na mea kanu a me nā holoholona laha ', a me na dinosaurs. Ka mea, e i lilo i mea ole i ka pō, akā, i ka wa e noonoo ia lākou domination mau ae la ia no ka 160 miliona makahiki, i ko lakou nalowale i hana, aole i koke. Nā kumu o ka hewa i mai ai i loko o ka Cretaceous wā, mea no i maopopo.

Akā, inā pau dinosaurs lilo i mea ole? Keiki o nā mea kolo kahiko e e na crocodiles, hana o ua moo a me na manu. Nā manu muaʻikeʻia i loko o ka Cretaceous au mai, a ma ka pauʻana o ke au i plumage ke kino mamua. I ka wā o nā dinosaurs, na manu i luna o ka baton o evolution.

Astrophysical ia'na kuhiakau

Asteroid o kekahi o ka loa, he pono ole wale nō. Kona haule manawa coincides me ke kahua o ka lua Chiksulub (Mexico, Yucatan). Kēia mau hanana i wahi ma kahi o 65 miliona makahiki aku nei, i kekahi manawa, i ka wa dinosaurs lilo ole. Paha asteroid kena ae la i ka luku hana, no laila, ua loaʻa i he nui ia'na o nā mea a pau ke ola.

Ke kuhiakau o mau kulu hākālia nō i asteroid kulu ana kekahi mau manawa. Eia hou, he mea Crater Chicxulub lua pele Shiva i loko o ka moana Indian, i ka hana a puni i ka ia manawa. Kēia kuhiakau wehewehe ke kumu o ka ia'na ana i nā.

Akā, he mea i ka mana o ka supernova Naita me ia, a me ka hookui hookahe koko ana o ke comet me ka Honua.

'Ā ina a me ka climatic ia'na kuhiakau

Ma ka Honua he mau mea hou i loko o ke au wā dinosaurs hoomaka ae la e nalo. E like me na holoholona lilo i mea ole presupposes pähola 'o ka loli ma ka awelika makahiki a me ka naciiiuo mahana. Nui kanaka pono i ka mehana a me ka equable aniau. Pele ha awina ke ka hopena i loko o ka loli i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o ka lewa, a i ka hoʻomehana honua. Nui ka lehu ke kāhea i ka pele hooilo, pela hoʻololi i ka hoʻomālamalama mai o ka honua. Nui ua hakumakuma o ka 'ilikai, anuanu maila i ka moana, hoʻololi i ka haku mele' ana o ke kai, a lele Honua kaʻume mākenēki kahua i hiki he hoʻonui i ka ia'na o ka dinosaur.

Evolutionary-liluwelo kuhiakau ia'na

Kekahi o na hypotheses i pūʻulu hanohano malaila a hiki i ke kahua o ka hanana o ka nui laha. He mea hiki i na dinosaurs hiki ole ke hakuloli i ka hoʻololi kanu, e kauoha ana kaʻapu kōheoheo. Hiki wale mai ka make ana o hua, a me ka i kailiia aku mua carnivorous mammals. Akā, he mea i ka mana i loko o ka Ice Age ua nalowale wahine. ʻepekema, ua i manaoia kekahi mana o ka make ana o na dinosaurs - gasp: i loko o ka lewa ua Ua heʻoi emi i loko o ka nui o ka oxygen.

No ke aha la i na dinosaurs iʻa?

No ke aha la i na dinosaurs iʻa? E like me kēia mau mea ole kahiko holoholona? Nā pane i kēia mau nīnau i keʻano o nā theories a me hypotheses, akā,ʻaʻohe mea nāna no ia, aole ia e pane i nā nīnau loa. Ua ua ike ia ka ia'na o? Ueo hoomaka lōʻihi ma mua o ka hewa, a me ka Astronomical kuhiakau ma keia hihia mea questionable. Ua nui theories i ole maoli ikepili, e like me ia ma ke kuhiakau o ka moana regression a loli ma kaʻume mākenēki kula. I ka nele o ka completeness o ka wāwahie nei ke haawi aku i ka nānaina kiʻi.

Hoʻohuiʻia hypotheses paha ke he clearer kiʻi. Ke Kuhiakau, complementing kekahi i kekahi, e pane i nā nīnau, a me ke kiʻi o ka manawa i oi a moākāka a me ka piha.

Ke kaʻina hana o ka evolution - ka ia'na o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' elemakule a me ka hou - pūkaʻina. A me ke kaʻina hana o ka evolution o na dinosaurs mua o ka hopena o ka Cretaceous wā ana maoli ai. Akā, no kekahi kumu, ma ka pau ana o ka Cretaceous wā, nāʻano kahiko o ka make, a me ka mea hou i ole hou, a, me ia i kaʻilihune, ka mea, ua he piha ia'na o keia? Ueo.

Mai ka oiai o ka paleontology

nui ia'na mana ua ma muli o ka kēia kūʻiʻo:

1. Ka muli o flowering mea kanu.
2. Gradual ka huliau, kena ae la ia e ka 'Aeʻa o âinapuni.

E like me ka 'epekema ao nei, ka mea kēia kumu hoʻohālike i malama. E hoʻomōhala ana i mole nenoaiu o flowering mea kanu a me kā lākou mau pono ka hoʻololiʻana i soils koke auou caiaiai nāʻano o nā mea kanu. Ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hele mai nā mea kolo i hanaiia ma flowering mea kanu a me nā mea kolo mua ikea mai la, hoomaka ae la e nalo.

Ka mole nenoaiu o ka flowering hoomaka ae e ulu, a hooki i ke kaʻina hana o ka lepo ka'aʻaiawāʻana. Ano honua kahi oki e blur, a me ka moana, oki e hiki mai nutrient mea. Kēia i alakai ai i ka depletion o ka moana līoho a me ka make, a, ma ka huli, e nā hoʻohua o biomass i loko o ka moana. Ma ka wai, ua he 'aʻe' ana o ka ke kaiaola, a alakai aku i ka nuipa a ia'na. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka lele mea kolo pili loa aku i ke kai, no laila, i ka ia'na o ke kaula a hoolaha aku ia ia. Ma ka aina ka mea, ho'āʻo e ke hakuloli i ka launahele nuipa a. Hoomaka ae la e hele mai mammals ka poe liilii, a me Moana o ka poe liilii, nui. He He hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ka dinosaur hua i hua, a kailiia aku dinosaurs lilo ai no ka Moana ikea. E like me ka hopena, i hana aku ana, io no ka muli o hou? Ueo.

I ka wā o nā dinosaurs lilo i mea ole, Mesozoic au mea ma, ia mea ma luna, a me ka hana una, climatic a me ka evolutionary aayoaeuiinoe.

Keiki a me nā dinosaurs

Ka ukupanee i loko o nā holoholona kahiko mea,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o nā mākua akā, i loko o nā keiki. I keia la, i ka papahana "No ke aha la dinosaurs lilo i mea ole?" Ke i komo i loko o ka papa o ka hoʻoulu a me ka iniiaiie papa. Ke kū hoʻokahi o kēia ha awina o ia ke keiki e hoʻomōhala ana i hika- cognitive nā mea hiki, e kali ana no ka pane i nä nïnau a me ka waiwai hou ike. I ka ninau o ke kumu i ka dinosaurs lilo i mea ole, no ka poe mamo e like me ka pono akamai me kaʻepekema. Ka ukupanee kuhikuhi manawa a hiki i ka mea i kēia mau holoholona ma ka honua nei i keia la, aole he mau pane ana i ka ninau e pili ana i na kumu o ko lākou nalowale i ole i ua loaa.