I ka rula o ka superposition a me kona noi palena

I ka rula o ka superposition ua wehewehe aku i loko o ia mea, ua loaʻa i loko o na wahi o ke kālaikūlohea. He He oihana i ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kekahi mau hihia. 'O kēia kekahi o nā pono physical kānāwai ma luna a ke kālaikūlohea like me ka' epekema. ʻO ia meaʻo ia i mea kaulana no nā kānakaʻepekema i hana ia ma kekahi wahi, i hiki.

Inā mākou e noonoo i ka superposition loina i loko o ka loa mau pono, e like me ia, i ka huina o ka mawaho koa e hana i ka mea huna ua haku o na kanaka aiee no kela mea keia mea o lakou.

Keia rula pili i kekahi laina 'oihana, a laila Oia nenoai nona ka hana hiki e ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka laina nā helu kaulike. An hana nei i ka mea kulana home 'ole ma kahi o ka laina nalu hoʻopulapula i loko o kekahi' ia, i loko o a hihia kona waiwai e e mālama a hiki ma lalo o ka aoao o ka haunaele i kupu mai, mai ka nalu. Mau waiwai i hoakakaia e like me ka mea i ho'ākāka 'dala o ka waiwai o kela mea keia mea o ka harmonic eiiiiiaiou.

Nā mahinaʻai o ka palapala noi

E like me ua oleloia, o ka superposition rula mea nō ka laulā ma ka laulā. Loa maopopo kona ai hiki ke ike i loko o electrodynamics. Naʻe, ka mea, ua pono i ka hoomanao i ka wā e noonoo pono i ka rula o ka superposition, ke kālaikūlohea 'aʻole i noonoo kona mau postulate,ʻo ia ka hopena o ka pähola' ana o electrodynamics.

No ka laʻana, ma electrostaticsʻeleu rula hana i loko o ke ao o ka electrostatic kula. kauoha'ōnaehana ma kekahi mau wahi hana hoʻopilikia, a e iloko o ka huina o ke kahua ikaika o kela a me keia o ke kauoha. Kēia auoiaea ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nä hana kilokilo, no ka mea, hiki ke hoʻohana' ia e hoʻomaulia i ka ikehu Loaʻaʻia o ka electrostatic AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN. Ma keia hihia ia mea e pono, e hoʻomaulia i ka ikehu Loaʻaʻia o kēlā me kēia kanaka uku ole.

Keia ua hookupaa iho la ia ma ka Maxwell helu kaulike, i ka laina ma ka vacuo. Ua pili pū kēia i, mai ka mea i ua ole hele liilii i ka malamalama, a me ka kŰlń ao linearly, no laila, ke kanaka kaola mai i pāʻani aku i kekahi i kekahi. Ma ke kālaikūlohea, keia kŰia ua pinepine haawiia e like me ka rula o ka superposition ma optics.

Ua E hoi e kaulana ia ma ka panina ke kālaikūlohea superposition rula ma hope mai o ka linearity o na nā helu kaulike o ke noi ana o kanaka laina nenoai, no laila ia mea he kokekau. Ua Ua nānā 'ana i loko o-hohonu, hōʻeuʻeu kumu, akā, kokeʻo ia i ka mea paʻa a me ka ole apau.

I like ka ikaika gravitational ke kahua wehewehe 'ē aʻe nā helu kaulike, ole-laina, nae ka loina hooponopono hiki ole e pili i loko o kēia mau wahi, i hiki. Macroscopic electromagnetic a ke kahua mea no hoi i malama i keia rula, e like me ka mea hilinaʻi nui ma ka aoao o ka mawaho kihapai.

Naʻe, ka loina o ka superposition o ka kaua mea apau o loko o quantum ke kālaikūlohea. Inā na wahi e ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia i kekahi hewa, i ma ka quantum pae hana he pololei. Kekahi quantum-me mechanical'ōnaehana ua poe e hana nalu a me vectors o ka laina makahiki, a ina ia mea malalo iho o ia ka laina papa, laila, ua ho'ākāka 'ia kona kūlana ma ka rula o ka superposition,' o ia hoʻi, Ua Ua haku o ka superposition o kēlā me kēia moku'āina, a me ka kuleana pili i nalu.

I ka laulā o ka 'anoʻike mau. ʻO nā helu kaulike o ka panina electrodynamics i laina, akā, ia mea,ʻaʻole he kumu o rula. Ka hapa nui o na kumu theories o ke kālaikūlohea i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o nonlinear nā helu kaulike. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i loko o ia' ole 'ia' aneʻi i ka rula o ka superposition nā ka mau kumumanaʻo o ka relativity, quantum chromodynamics, a me ka Yang-Mills kumumanaʻo.

Ma kekahi nenoai kahi o ka linearity loina i pili wale ma ka aoao, e conventionally e hoopili i ka rula o ka superposition, no kekahi laʻana, nawaliwali gravitational hana kūleʻa. Eia kekahi, i ka wa e noonoo pono i ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o nā'ātoma a me nā lātoma like me ka rula o ka superposition ua ole, hoopaa mai la, keia wehewehe i keʻano o ke kino ai 'a me ka Nine Inch waiwai o ka mea.