Ivan Gonta: Kawaihae

Ivan Gonta - kekahi o nā kiʻi poʻokela o Ukrainian mōʻaukala. Kona inoa i ka hōʻailona o ka paio no ka kuokoa o ka aina. I ke kiʻi o ka lahui meʻe nui loa i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o ka poem T. G. Shevchenko "Haydamaky". Information e pili ana i ke kaulana uprising haku mele imi i hoolaʻi manao, a kaao, ma i kekahi o ke ano ka hana ua Ivan Gonta.

Kawaihae

Information e pili ana i ka hanau ana o Ivan loa pī. Ua ua ike i ka mea i hānau i loko o ke kauhale o Rossoshka, i ua a ianoiyuaa a aia i loko o ka Cherkassy māhele 'āina. Kona mau mākua, he mau serfs. Ke mau lā o kona hanau ua nō ike ole, akā, ua kipaku noiʻi mai ka 1740. I kekahi kakahiaka nui elemakule Ivan Gonta, ma kona mau ikaika, ka mea, ua ka Cossack poʻe hao wale o ka Aha magnate Potocki, ka mea i ka manawa i nā aliʻi e kāpae haku o Uman. Ma muli naʻe o kona haʻahaʻa ka molekumu o, Ivan ua pono ka hoʻonaʻauao aku i. ʻoi loa ona o ka Polish 'ōlelo, hiʻona a me ka maikaiʻaha hui mākau lilo i ke kumu no ka kokololio paipai'. I ka 1757, ke keiki a ke kua'āina ka Ua koho lunahaneri o Aha koa Potocki.

kahu

Hoʻonaʻauao a me ka loea opiopio Cossack hukihuki lakou i ka noonoo ana magnate Potocki. A koke i loko o kahi i hoʻomoana ai e kamailio e pili ana i ka mea hou kahu o ka pakuhi, i lilo Ivan Gonta. Outbuildings Cossacks, paha ke kāʻana ka holomua maoli o ka lalo papa. Earl lawe mai i kona mau He kokekau wale subordination o gentry, a waiho ma lalo o ke kauoha o ke alii kiaaina o Uman. I loko nō o kona oihana Ivan Gonta i ka 1755, ua ili mai iā ia i kona hanau kulanakauhale a me na kauhale kokoke Rossoshka Odarovku. I ia manawa, a pau kona poe hoahanau e noho ana i loko o Rossoshka: makuwahine, wahine, keiki. I ka ohana o ka eha makua kaikamahine a me ke keiki. E noho ai o na kauhale haawi aku la ia i ka pomaikai o ka 20 tausani zlotys ka makahiki -. A loa paa dala i loko o ia mau lā.

'ōlala ke a me ka manaoio

Nui he mai kupaʻa hana Potocki hiki ole hoonele i ka lunahaneri ka mau & okua ia, a i ole e ia i mea hana ma na lima o na mea e ae. i ole kaʻana like Ivan Gonta i ka makemake o ka auamo, e auhau ia i ka Hui manaoio i ka Orthodox heluna o Ukraine. Ma kona mau donations kukulu iho la i ka nani Orthodox Church ma o kona hanau kauhale, a me ka 'ohana i kapaʻia ka lunahaneri churchwarden - i kā lākou kālā i kukulu ia, a pena maliuia'ku o ke kea ekalesia kulanakauhale Volodarka. Ua ua i loko o keia ekalesia la i ka malamaia pa pena, a depicts Ivan Gonta. Photo luna haneri, i hiki ke ike i ke kālā no nā puke, ka mea, ua wehe 'ia mai i kēia kiʻi.

Loa koke I.'ōlala ke lilo aku ia i ke kanaka nana i hoomalu aku i ka Orthodox manaoio. He i ua kokoke e Poeikohoia o Orthodox ekalesia, mai nā mea a pau ma luna o Ukraine. Kēia ao kākoʻo ua i ka mea lohe nuiʻia kanaka, a ua he nui hopena ma luna o nā pono kīvila a me ka manao o na elele o Ukrainian papa.

Haydamaky

Ma ka hopena o Mei makahiki 1768 a hiki i Uman lohe na lono e pili ana i ka nui uprising Haidamaks, i i alai ai e Maxim Zhelezniak. Ka mea, i kekahi kulanakauhale ma hope o kekahi, lohi kokoke ana i Uman. Rafal Mladanovich kiaaina o Uman, i puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka lawe ikaika ana, e hooikaika i ke kulanakauhale. He paa hou mai la ka puka ka papa, i ka poʻe kiaʻi hehi pono kulana kupono paha ka poe a pau i makemake e komo i ke kulanakauhale. Ma ke alanui, ua nui na kaua o Cossacks, ka aina hanau o i mea ma Uman. E emi i ka likelihood o betrayal, Mladanovich Cossacks puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka hoohiki, laulea i Potocki.

'ōlala ke a Zhelezniak

Ma ke kauoha o ke kiaaina outhouse koa mai e halawai pu me na kipi. Akā, e hana i ko lakou mau kaua a me ke alii kiaaina ana o ka Polish koa pilikia. Kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Sokolovka halawai mai la me Ivan Gonta Maxim Zheleznyak. Ma hope o nā kūkaʻi'ōleloʻana, me ka Cossacks hookuke aku i kona mau luna, a hui na kipi. I ka hope loa hoʻokuʻi pū o nā pūʻali koaʻelua o 18 June 1768 hang nei ma lalo o Uman pā. Ke kipi hoʻoholo ihola i ka ino, i ke kulanakauhale.

Uman pōʻino

Uman e mau ae la ia ma kahi o kekahi, a me ka hapa lā. I ka hoomalu ana i ke kulanakauhale hooili ma ka militias, a weakly nona i na mea kaua uuku. One-manawa volley, mai ka pū a pau o ka pā puni i ka uwahi, e pili ana i ke anuanu paku. Lawe pono o keia, ke kipi ana makani ino mai ai i ka pakaua paia, a komo aku la i ke kulanakauhale. hookuku kaua me ka luku i ka ua weliweli.

Haydamaky pepehi auamo, Iudaio, Ruthenians, minamina aole elemakule, aole hoi na wahine. E like me ka mea i koenaʻike maka, i nininiʻia i ke koko o ka poe i pepehiʻia ma luna o ka paepae puka o ko lākou mau wahi i noho ai a me ka luakini, a kahe ma na alanui. E like me nā koho, ua make ia lā, mai mau a hiki i ka iwakalua tausani kanaka.

Colonel'ōlala ke

Ma hope o ka lawe Uman he nui makau retaliation a koke haʻalele i ka poʻe kaua o na kipi. Gonta Ivan a Zhelezniak Maxim paa kekahi mau ahaolelo. Olelo hooholo o ka hapanui o ia kauoha ana o ke kipi kaua. Maxim Zhelezniak - Hetman o ka hou kaua, a me Ivan Gonta - Colonel. Ma nā panalāʻau e noho ma lalo o ka mana kipi, e hoʻopau hana mau kuleana, hookupaaia Cossack kauoha a me ka aoao. Nā luna o ke kipi neʻe i ke kapuai hookahi, e hohola lākou mau manaʻo ma Ukraine.

Betrayal a me ka make

I ka pālākiō o ka uprising nui ko lakou kupikipikio i ke aupuni o ka Russian aupuni a pau. Ma lalo o na kauoha a Ana II, e halawai me na kipi neʻe poʻe hao wale Colonel Guryev. Vtershis e hilinai i ka poʻe kipi,ʻo ia hoopuniia i ka Cossack koa a me kona luna pio. Ivana Gontu Ua haawiia mai i na auamo, a me ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make Maxim Zhelezniak ma ka huila. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka Empress ua auou caiaiai i ka ke konohiki, a hoouna aku la ia ia, e hookauwa aku oolea.

Ivana Gontu Ua haawiia mai i ka Polish Aupuni. Ma hope o ka hoʻokolokoloʻiaʻana, a mau ae la na la he umi,'ōlala ke i ho'āhewa o ka kūikawā hookolokolo, oia hoi o ke kahuna, a me nā mōneka ekolu. He Ua ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make, i ka pu ma ka hoʻomāinoino 'weliweli - hoonoho ia, kaha onionioʻili, a me na mea e ae. Ma ke kolu o ka lā, koʻu mahalo i ke koa Cossack kalaunu hetman Ksaveriy Branitsky Gonta kauoha eʻoki akula i kona poʻo i loko o nā wahi o ke koa a me ka fortitude ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi. Ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi make July 13, 1768. Ke koe o ka aina meʻe i ua kui hoʻi, a hiki i keʻolokeʻa i loko o 14 kūlanakauhale o Ukraine.

hou a hou iaʻi lakou Ukrainian aina me ke koko o ka mea kaulana uprisings, akā, noho no ka hoomanao ana o Ivan Gonta a me Maksim Zheleznyaki ma na kaao a me Mele o ka Ukrainian kanaka.