Ka mea kiekie loa halekiai o ka Moscow Kremlin. Description Moscow Kremlin hale kiaʻi

Ka mea kiekie loa halekiai o ka Moscow Kremlin - o ka Central Tower northwestern pauku o ka pa, e waiho ana i ka Alexander Garden. Ua Ua kapaia ka Trinity, o ka hele ana, a me ka lua o ka nui loa. Ka hale kiai ua hooleiia me ka saredio hoku, a me kekahi manawa, ma luna o ka mea, e like me ka pono me ia ma ka Spassky vezhe (Old Lūkini inoa), chimes a kau.

Ke kahiko keʻokeʻo pōhaku Kremlin

ʻO ka Luna Nui Duke Dmitry Donskoy i loko o nā makahiki 1366-1368 i UAIAaIN e laau paia o ka Kremlin. I ka mea mai i ke kūkulu hou pakaua a me nā hale kiaʻi, pinepine i Ua he ao alohilohi i limestone a "keʻokeʻo pohaku", i ua pela waiwai i loko o ka Central wahi o Rusia. 'O kēia ke kumu, a me ka hōʻailona kahiko o Moscow - "keʻokeʻo pohaku". Naʻe, i ka hale i nā puke ua fragile a me ka dilapidated pakaua. Hoʻihoʻi Ea hana lawe mai ma luna o ka regular 'aelike, no laila ua loaʻa ka nui o ka hoike, i loko o kaʻoihana. No laila, i ka 1462 o ka Moscow kalepa Vasiliem Dmitrievichem Ermolinym, ka mea ma ia manawa ma ka 'āhewa' ana o nā mea a pau kūkulu hana ma ka aupuni pae,? Iaanoe o na pa i lawe mai, mai ka puka pā, e Borovitsky Sviblovo strelnitsa. E pane i ka nīnau "i o ka hale kiaʻi o ka Kremlin o ka lani kiekie loa", e pono e ike e pili ana i nā lāliʻi a pau, a me ka nui? Aeiino? Oeoey o ka pa a me ka hale kiaʻi e, ma muli naʻe o ka nui ka hoʻoponopono 'ana, hoomau iho la oia i ka "hele." No keia kumu, Ivan III ka Nui, hoonee aku, ma ke alanui, me ka Moscow na'lii nui 6 manawa, Ua puka mai ke kānāwai i loko o ka hope hapakolu o ka XV kenekulia, e like me ka hopena o ka hooko ana o i ka Moscow Kremlin, kona mau pā, a me ka hale kiaʻi i undergone i ka'ano'ē reorganization.

New Kremlin ula na pohakulepo

E hoʻokō kona pahu hopu i ka Luna Nui Duke o Moscow ka'āuna mai Italy kaulana haku o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone, ma lalo o ka lima o ka a me ka 1485 helu kuhi puke Ka Ikepili o ka pryasel (ka wahi ma waena o nā hale kiaʻi mau) keʻokeʻo pōhaku, nā pā, a me nā hale kiaʻi lākou iā lākou iho. No ka umi makahiki, ma-paena i kūkuluʻia wae pakaua hou, i kēia manawa o ka pōhaku lepo. I loko o keia? Aeiino? Ua mahuahua ma ka hoʻopili kuleana i loko o ka Koro o ka pā kaua Kremlin wahi. Ano ka mea, ua 27,5 aa, a ua lilo i ole triangle shape. Ua outlines kaʻikena pā kaua. Ke hana i alakaiia e ka Italians. No ia mea, aohe mea kahaha ko oukou naau ma ka oiaio i ka hopena kiekie o na paia, hoʻonaniʻia me nā battlements, a pau Veigy (Old Lūkini inoa), a me ka loa halekiai o ka Moscow Kremlin, Ua nui loa e like me ka Italia i mau pāpū ma - Scaligero ma Verona, a Milan ka Sforza Castle.

Moscow hale kiai pā

Total Moscow Kremlin he 20 me nā hale kiaʻi. Ekolu kihi - Vodovzvodnaya, Beglemishevskaya a me kihi Arsenal - kiai pauku e puni, oiai na mea e ae, a me ka loa halekiai o ka Moscow Kremlin - ka huinahalike. O ka huina Ensemble, elemakuleʻano nui i loko o ka ia kaila, kū Nikolskaya hale kiai e nana i ka Red Square, i ka 1812 o ka Palani puhi mai. A hiki i ka hoihoi hou ana i na hana e lawe mai ma luna o ka papahana O. I. Bove, kapa iho la i ka Kokika nana, a pena keokeo. All vezhi shape a kiekie i okoa mai kekahi i kekahi. No laila, a no ia mea i ka kiʻekiʻe loa halekiai o ka Kremlin? Trinity. He aha ka mea a me ka ma? He aha ka kona mōʻaukala?

fryazhskie nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone

A huina o ke kūkulu houʻana o ka Kremlin i āpau i komo i Aleviz Fryazin (Milanese), ka mea i hele mai i Moscow i ka 1494. I ka 1495, ua komo i loko o ke kukulu o ka pā, a me nā hale kiaʻi ma ka Neglinnaya River. Ua i kukulu Stone keʻena ma lalo o kona alakaʻiʻana (1499-1508 makahiki). I ka 1508 ihola hoʻiʻo ia i ka makua ma luna o ka muliwai, a kahe ma ka akau-komohana hapa o ka Kremlin paia. Mahalo iā ia i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai i loko o ka muliwai ala nui, e hoʻopiha i ka moat hanaia ma ka pa e nana i ka Red Square. Ia mai ka 1508 a hiki i 1516 ma lalo o ke kuhikuhi ana o ka Milaneseʻeli. A lakou i kukulu akau o ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa halekiai o ka Moscow Kremlin.

It E e kaulana ia Fryazin - mea ole ka inoa, he inoa kapakapa ia i haawiia mai ai i nā mea a pau Western Lūkini hoʻomalu i hele mai mai ka hema oʻEulopa. Ua hele mai ana, mai ka nānaina hua'ōlelo "franc". No ka mea, o keia, ka mea, ua pinepine hilahila. Aloisio ka Milano, Aleviz Fryazin Milanese a me Aloisio ka Karezano (a Carcano) - i kekahi, a me ka ia kanaka, e kūkulu i ka hale kiai Trinity, a Bon Fryazin ke kiekie belfry "Ivan Veliky". I ka Ia manawa, Ivan III kono i Moscow kekahi Aleviz Fryazin, akā, Venitsiantsa a Hou. Ka mea, i ke ahiahi, e like me ka inoa - fryazhskie nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ma waho aʻeo ia mau "Fryazinov" a me "fryagov" kono Ivan III Great he Marco Ruffo a me Pietro Antonio Solari, niioaaonoaaiii, Mark Peter Fryazinov.

Kremlin paa

No laila, i kūkulu i ka hale kiaʻi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka Moscow Kremlin mai ka 1495 a hiki i 1499 makahiki Aleviz Fryazin Milanese. A me ka loa mua puʻukaua o ka Kremlin - Taynitskaya Tower (waena ma ka hema o ka Kremlin pa) - Ua ee July 14, 1485. Ma hope o ia, i ka hale kiai i waiho ai i loko o ana kokoke i kela makahiki. Na mea hou - imperial Tower - i kūkulu ai i ka 1680. Special hua'ōlelo hewaʻiʻo o ka pa o ka Kremlin, me hele ma ka Neglinnaya River. Ma ke kikowaena o keia Hoʻohana o ke kiʻekiʻe loa North Tower o ka Moscow Kremlin. Huina lōʻihi o ka pa like i ka 2235 mika, ke kiekie loli aʻe mai ka 5 a hiki i 19 m. Ka mānoanoa o ka pā mai ka 3.5 hiki i 6.5 m + i kekahi alahele-ma initially, akā, laila, paila ma luna o kekahi mau apana'ōpala.

kū hoʻokahi pā

Towers i kaawale ma ka kekahi mamao aku, a hiki i ka lanakila aisle, kau mai ma luna o ka pa. Kona laula, hiki ma 2, a me kahi a me 4 mau mika. Mawaho o ka mea i hoomaluia e mau-pepeiaohao nihoʻo kona kiʻekiʻe, ua like ia 2-2.5 m, a me ka mānoanoa -. 0,65-0,7 ka m huina helu o ka poʻe koa e kiaʻi niho manaʻo puni ke anapuni like i 1045 apana. Sagittarians ka poe i ma luna o ka pā pōhaku, he ma ke kahuaʻaoʻao uhiia parapet pa. Initially e hooholo ia uhi nū'ōlelo canopy ma lalo i ka mea, ua hiki i ka paulele aku i ka ino ino, a me ka loa pāʻo ia i uhi mai ka Hekikai o ka ua a me ka hau. Kēia hale i ke ahi i loko o ka XVIII kenekulia, a me ka nui o ka mea, ua i hoʻihoʻi.

Mōʻaukala o ka inoa

No ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa halekiai o ka Moscow Kremlin kapaia ka Trinity, ia mea pono e loaʻa mai ke kumu ia i haawiia mai keia inoa, o ka oi aku no ka initially ia dignify ka Epiphany, laila Rizpolozhensky hope Znamenskaia a me Kuretnoy, a he inoa ia lanakila 'o ia wale nō i loko o 1658 ma ka manao paa keia o Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ma muli o ka noho ana i loko o ka palena o ka Kremlin Trinity farmstead. Previous inoa ua hoʻopili i ka Kremlin ka ekalesia, a me ka wahi a ka alii kaʻi 'hale.

loa mua

Highest Kremlin (Hawaii photo pili ana) hale kiai i ka i kēia mea kiko'î: mai ka Alexander Garden, kūkuluʻia ma mua ka mea, ua o ka muliwai Neglinnaya, piʻi i loko o ka paipu, ka kiekie o Veigy me ka hoku o 80 mika, me ka - 76,35, ma kaʻaoʻao ma loko - niioaaonoaaiii 69,3 a me 65,65 m. i kēia hale kiaʻi kaahele aku la oia. Kona mau puka pā mai kona inception a hiki i ka hopena o ka XVII ua noʻonoʻo i ka lua o ka loa nui ma hope o ka Spassky.

La lakou i malamaʻi, no ka hooholo ana i ka pā hale o nā wāhine aliʻi, a me nā aliʻi makua'lii. I ka 1516, ma Trinity Tower ma ka Neglinnaya River ua he alahaka i pau hookuuia strelnitsa a me ka pākaua, hea aku ma keia hihia Kutafya hale kiaʻi. Ua mālama lākou me ka puʻukaua i loko o ka wahi mua e hou hoʻomalu i ka puka. He ka mea wale ola makou mahope o halekiai o ka Kremlin bridgehead. E hele ma kona Troitsky Bridge, e like me kekahi poe akamai ma ka mōʻaukala o Moscow, kūkuluʻia ma luna o ke kahua o ka pohaku hale mua o keia kumukuai, a i kūkuluʻia i loko o ka XIV kenekulia.

Ka lua o ka mea nui wale

He aha ka ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa halekiai o ka Moscow Kremlin, a me ke kumu ole i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea e ola ai? ʻae nō hoʻi, ma kekahi manawa o Soviet mōʻaukala, ka manaʻo nui o ka Trinity puka hou ia mea, ua ma ia March 12, 1918 i hiki aku ai V. I. Lenin ma ka Kremlin. Ma ka Trinity puka, hele mai iʻaneʻi, Napoleon, ma ia ia i holo mai ka Kremlin. Kona hoi ana me ka lanakila maluna iho o ka i na'Lii, he oi aku Trinity Bridge, a laila ka mea, 'äkoakoa ai alakaʻi i ka Spassky puka. Initially hoʻokani i ka kiʻekiʻe hale kiaʻi o ka Moscow Kremlin (Hawaii photo pili ana) ke kūlana nui i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka pau ana o Moscow. He ka lani kiekie loa, akā,ʻaʻole ka mea nui, no ka mea,ʻaʻole e hele i ka Red Square.

Mea like a me nä mea

A me ka pau ana o ke kūkulu o keia halekiai i pau e ka haku o ka pakaua o nā mea a pau ma ka akau-komohana pauku o ka pā pōhaku - kēiaʻaoʻao o ka Kremlin lilo impregnable. Nunui halekiai ma ka luna i pau ai niho, laau hale lole i hipped. Nā palapala mai ka 1585, keia halekiai ua chimes i equates kona ano i ka mea e ola ai. Eia hou, nā Ua hoʻouka kekahi mau-alai ae aeto, ka höʻailona o Rusia ma ka Trinity ua mua, akoakoa mai kekahi mau apana hoopaa iho la i. A i ka wā i loko o 1685 i kūkuluʻia ma luna o ka nunui-tiered, a kiʻekiʻe pohaku marquee keʻokeʻo turrets, ka mea'ē aʻe keʻokeʻo pohaku mea hoʻonani, i like loa me ka ka papa kuhikuhiE Spassky halekiai ua lilo ia i mea nui loa. Ae, i ka makahiki ma hope o ka hou chimes kaulia (ia ka mea, e puhiʻia i loko o ke ahi o Moscow i ka 1812, ka mea, e hou hoihoi hou ia).

Oihana mua o ka ekalesia kuhikuhipuʻuone

Ma ka ninau o i o ka hale kiaʻi o ka Kremlin o ka lani kiekie loa, e hiki ke olelo aku. I ka a ua hooleiia i ka busela meʻewalu me ka ma smotritelnuyu wahi. He aha aʻole ia ke ano o? Ka manawa "octagon ma ka quadrangle" mea he ano o ka haku mele 'ana kuhikuhipuʻuone,ʻano nui ekalesia hale. Octagonal a octagonal hoʻonohonohoʻia, papa kū ma luna o eha-kapakahi, oi laulā-ka nānā 'ana. Oia ka haku mele 'ana, ua manao ka piʻi wale i ka lani, i haawi mai i ka hana o ka dynamism, ka mea, ua, ma ka huli, mea he koʻikoʻi hiʻona o Moscow baroque. Ma ka ekalesia o ke aliʻiʻana i loko o ka octagonal bele i ke aupuni ', maoli ai, ia i ua ole glazed, a kele ma. Troitskaya Tower, ka luna tiers i i ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o kēia 'ano nānā loaʻoluʻolu mai i kaʻikena Alexander Garden. Kēia i kōkua ai i nā ma ka mea ana i nā kihi a me ka strelnitsa neo? Aaiiai? Kela turrets a me kahi oioi. Kekahi o ia mau mea i laweʻia aku ai i loko o ke anoe ana o loopholes i ka 1707 no i ka pōʻino e hiki mai make māinoino o Kuekene kaua. Part - ma ka hōʻeaʻana i ka Trinity Tower palapala o ke Kuhina o ka imperial Hookolokolo. Ua Ua kukulu hou ia a hiki i ka? Anoe.

Ke nui, ewalu-yoa? Iiai

Ka mea kiekie loa halekiai o ka Kremlin ma Moscow, he eono luna-lepo elua lola honua palaoa a me ka. Deep hale ahu he initially kūlana pale a me koa mau hana. A laila, ma ka XVI-XVII kenekulia, i kēia mau hale ahu i ua huli i loko o ka hale paʻahao. Mau hohonu loa lola honua palaoa i loaa i ka MH 1851. Ma kona ola ana, Troitskaya Tower hoʻohana ma naʻano likeʻole. Au i 'aneʻi a 1895 palapala o ka imperial Kiekie, a me ka manawa ua kau ka koho pelekikena Hawaiian Orchestra i loko o laila.

Kremlin hoku

Eia hou, ke kiʻekiʻe loa halekiai o ka Kremlin ma Moscow - kekahi o ka elima Pelekane me ka hoku. Borovitskaya Spasskaya a me Nikolskaya, a Vodovzvodnaya - he eha hale kiaʻi, a armorial nā mea pilihao o ka imperial Rusia i UAIAaIN e hoku. I kulike ai me na kapa o na mea kaua no hoi ke ninau aku i kekahi ninau, ia mea loa i pili i loko o ka quiz: ka pane makemake e: i ka kekahi ma ka i ku a makahiki 1935 mamuli o ka kahiko (manawa maliuia'ku - 1830), papalua-alai ae aeto "Owai o ka hale kiaʻi o ka Moscow Kremlin o ka lani kiekie loa?". "Muli loa" (1912) ua ma luna o ka mea e ola ai. A ka mea, Ua UAIAaIN e ka hoku mua. Ka mua hoku, he gula-waihoʻoluʻu paʻa kalaka nui-makamae, a me ke kaumaha - he pāʻumi mai i ke tona. No ia mea, kaupaku Spassky, Trinity, a Borovetskoy hale kiaʻi mua ikaika ae la. Eia naʻe, kalaka nui-maikai hoku koke mae, a ma ka 1937 hoʻoholo e puku ia me ka luminous hoku o ka saredio aniani.

Ke kū hoʻokahi o ka Kremlin hale kiaʻi

Pehea'ē aʻe e hiki ai oe i pane i ka ninau e pili ana i ka mea i ka kiʻekiʻe loa halekiai o ka Kremlin? Inā 'oe e nānā i ke kūpono manao, ua hiki ke ike i ka mea o ka 15th halekiai o ka mea e ola ai vezhi (helu mea counterclockwise) a mai ke kiekie loa - Trinity, kekahi haalele mai kona alahaka. Kēlā me kēia no ka 20 vezh Kremlin mea kū hoʻokahi, i kona iho mōʻaukala, a me ka wehewehe ia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa superficially, hoʻokahi 'atikala mea,ʻaʻole lawa.