Nā maka nui o ka molybdenum ua hoʻohana 'ia ma, ka waiwai, liluwelo kūlana ma ke kanaka kino

Kemika o ka hookumu ana o ko kakou mau ola. All hale 'ikamu i i i ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika papaʻaina hehee pili' o Randy. O na minuke i loko o kānaka undergoing luna 'loli' pili i Nine Inch. Ma kēia 'atikala oe, e aʻo e pili ana i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia e like me molybdenum kahi pono, kona waiwai a me kūlana ma ke kanaka kino.

Mākou delve i loko o moʻolelo

Nā minelala hao ka i loko o kona haku mele 'ana o ka molybdenum, iʻikeʻia i loko o kahiko Greece. Ka poe maoli i huiʻia i ke 'ole i like i ka graphite. No laila, ua pinepine hoʻohana mea pu me ia, e hana i kekahi alakai. Molybdenite MoS₂ i poʻohina-uliuli tint ka wā kākau ma luna o ka pepa. Ke ano alohilohi molybdaena i kona inoa i haawiia mai - ". E like kēpau"

Carl Wilhelm Scheele i ka noiʻi 'ana i ia synthesized trioxide MoO₃, akā, ma muli o ka nele o ke kūpono e'a'ā ana mea hiki ole ke loaa i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia ma ka maemae palapala. Yonsu Jakob Berzelius pomaikai ae la lakou i ka 1817 makahiki, e loaa molybdenum'okesaside loaa ma ka ole me ka lanahu a me ka hydrogen. Kemikala hehee ai i ua akahele? Anoee, a i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o nā hana o ke nä känaka' epekema.

physical waiwai

He aha ka molybdenum? He malamalama oho metala i loko o kona maemae palapala Ua hoʻopale i ka'okesaside (ma lalo o maʻamau aku ana). Me ka wela mea ulu i 400-600 degere, ua hoemiia kēia hiki, a hana trioxide MoO₃.

Molybdenum kovok ductile a me ka hooholo koke undergoes forging. Metal nuʻa 10,2 g. / ^Cm3, heheʻe wahi 2620 ⁰S i hoolapalapa - 4800 ⁰S. Mai kēia mau oeeo? Ia mea akaka ia ia mea he tugoplavok. Ke alo aku o ka kalapona, naikokene a me ka luaipele impurities lakou aloha ia i ke kino ai ka waiwai, i loko o 'ana, ka lako e lilo ia fragile a me ka brittle. Molybdenum mea paramagnetic. Me ka mahuahua kona wela ikaika ua nui mahuahua.

Natural molybdenum i huiia, loaa

It E e ike i ua ole i loaʻa molybdenum i loko o ke gula palapala, ia mea i loaʻa i loko o ke ano maoli wale ma i huiʻia me nā kumu mua. Maikaʻi loa metala maʻiʻo ma ka pńpa 3 ∙ 10 ^-4%. Aia nō ma kahi o 15 nā minelala hao, a i ka loa, he pono ole i:

• disulfide MoS ₂ - molybdenite;
• CaMoO ₄ - powellite;
• PbMoO ₄ - wulfenite.

Main mahinaʻai o kēia mau hui i pili loa aku i ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka palapala moʻopane ma hydrothermal kumu.

Ma hanalima hana ua extracted molybdenum disulfide hehee ai. Kona palapala noi mea nui loa ia no ka loaa ana, he mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Kēia ka hana ma ke kumu o ka enrichment o na mea e hooheheeia ma ka flotation. Pela i loaa kiaʻana i kāna, a ua a laila malalo i ka calcination.

2MoS ₂ + 7O ₂ = 2MoO ₃ + 4SO ₂

ua hoemiia ka noho kaʻawaleʻana, a maloko'okesaside me ka maloo hydrogen kahawai i ka wela o ka 700 degere. Ke naoh huahana mea he lepo lā o ka molybdenum. I ka wā e hiki mai ia i ke ia i loko o ke gula palapala a me ka mea no ka aha i ka 'atikala ua hiolo, a ua'omoʻomoʻia.

? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka oka a kila

Ferrous metallurgy hoʻohana molybdenum ka pauka waiwai. Where ua mea hoʻohana? No ka alloying steels a me ka nou ana la o ka hao. Hou o keia hehee ai i loko o ka oka a kūpono kou hoonui ae i ko lakou mea e like ai. Mahuahua elasticity, abrasion ia'ku, hopena e kū'ē'ē mai. Ke mall kila ua hou ma kahi o 0.5% molybdenum, he palaoa i oiʻaʻahu, a ma keia kā lākou 'ole, hoemiia brittleness hope huahana.

Ka hou o nā waiwai e leie aku e loaa kūikawā mele e hoʻomano hoʻohana i loko o nā hana. Oka a pau, i nā cobalt a me ka nikala (50-60%) a me ka chromium (ka hola 20-28%) ua doped ma ka pepa molybdenum. Where ia mea ua hoʻohana 'ia? Ke pane waiho i loko o kona kūikawā waiwai - kiʻekiʻe ka wela e kū'ē'ē mai. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hana o ka mokulele māhele a me Kao lele lako kaua pōkā pū.

E ho ohana i ka oka a me ka molybdenum

Ma ka pepa molybdenum e niobium, titanium a me nā mea hiki ke hooheheeia maoli heʻoi loa ka wela e kū'ē'ē mai oka a pau. Keia haku mele hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia no ka ho okumu māhele o ke kinoea turbines a me ka'ā nā keʻena i loko o rocket.

Ma na oka a me ka nui o ka nui molybdenum (17-28%) māhuahua ka popopo e kū'ē'ē mai. Lākou hana,ʻaʻole i makaʻu AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me kekahiʻakika (koe HF).

Ke refractory waiwai o ka molybdenum a me kona hoʻohana 'ana i ka pili ana kūikawāʻohe i ka nui i loko o ka nukelea mana oihana puolo. Oia huahana i hiki ke withstanding hoʻoheheʻeʻia likiuma. Ua hanaʻia i ke kūlana o ka coolant ma ka uranium reactors. A he, o ka molybdenum i loko o ka Mo-99 kālaiōewe ike palapala noi me he anakahi i loko o ka nukelea hana.

Manawa infusibility molybdenum mau mea hana i ka hopena he no ka ninini wahi i ke keleawe, a me ka Aluminum kiniki. Ke kiʻekiʻe ikaika metala mau hiʻohiʻona nō keʻano o ka hanaʻana ma lalo kiʻekiʻe puʻe.

Hoolimalima a me punching, noi

Mai laina i loaa mai ma ka hauneneʻe i ka lepo, paka ua olokaaiaʻe huahana - mau laau la a me ka uea. Ka mea, komo no ka maemae metala molybdenum kuleana. Where ia huahana i hoʻohana? Loa pinepine ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hana o ka thermocouples i i hoʻohana no ke ana ana i ke anawela ma luna o 2000 ⁰C. Lou, a me nā Kora naʻEsau no o Kahualoa Kokohi tungsten filament i loko o ka incandescent u kukui ua hoi i ka molybdenum uea. Hookomo ana i na cathodes, a na nā uila aʻa lolo hoʻomālama i loko o ka X-Ray paipu pono e ike loea a me ka hoʻomakaʻia paipu, a hālāwai e pono ai o kiʻekiʻe refractory metala. No kēia mau mea, ike hoʻomākaukau molybdenum hoolimalima.

Ua mau laau la, a papa e ia ma ka wahi o nā uila aʻa lolo ma ke kiʻekiʻe-mahele heheʻe i ka umu. Ka mea, e hoonohoia ma ka kūikawā meakino iloko olaila o argon, hydrogen, a holo. Aie i ka mea i molybdenum, aole ia e komo i ke aniani i loko o Nine Inch reactions, ka mea, ua pili no ka manufacturing māhele melter.

Noi i loko o nā hana

Molybdenum Ua loaʻa palapala noi i loko o ka aila oihana puolo. Aia ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia me ka hōʻeleu hiki ke huikala ia huahana mai ka luaipele impurities. Aluminum-ka nānā 'lubricants ua hanaʻia disulfide. Ka mea, stabilize i ka hana ana o kekahi mau mea, a hoomalu nae lakou i ka ili e ku e me mechanical poino ma kiʻekiʻe mahana. He mea ia i lubricant a me anticorrosive waiwai.

Ma ka hana o ka pena, kahi e ua noi ia a me ka molybdenum oxides, loaa pigments hoʻohune yellow-alani malu. Hoʻololi kemikala o kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni olona, i hele ole i ka waiwai. I mea e hoomahuahua i ka naikokene maʻiʻo o ka lepo hoʻohana microfertilizer, i nā molybdenum.

Ke kūlana o ka molybdenum i loko o ke kino

haawi Molybdenum ua nui ka kūlana ma ke kanaka kino. Ua ua komo i loko o ka hoʻololi kemikala o hemoglobin, naikokene a me ka purine pūnao. Ua kuleana no ke omo o ka hao a me ka wikamina C, he ikaika antioxidant. Microelement i onkoprotektornyh, rejuvenating hopena.

Fashion waiwai ma ka molybdenum - mea legumes a me kiliala, leafyʻai. Na koi nui o ka kumumea'āweʻaweʻa komo i ke kino ma ka kela la i keia manawa, ina oe e ai pono. Kona nele i hiki ke hoʻohana 'piha mea pōhaku eiiieaenu.