Kaumaha koa amo mokulele Il-76TD: iiaie oaoieei hoakaka

IL-76 - he kaumaha koa amo mokulele, he kükohu i lele oi ma mua o ka hapaha kenekulia. Kula Kaiapuni 'o ka hoʻololi' ana i ua i ma luna o kona kumu, nā sīwila a me ka koa. Mutates a me ka moku wale no, pepa hou hiʻona, hoomaka na keiki. I loko nō o kaʻano mea makahiki, ma ke kumu o kēia mīkini ua nō hou mana.

TD kükohu i kekahi o ia ka hoʻololi 'ana. Ilyushin Design Buro hooku iho la ia ia i ka 1982, he mau makahiki ma hope o ka Launch o ka prototype? Iecaianoaaiiie. Mau huapalapala i loko o ka inoa kū no ka "lōʻihi-huahelu amo." Other lāliʻi i maopopo keia mana, mākou e nānā i ma lalo nei.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na

Ma ka hapalua like 60-ies OKB Ilyushin loaa kekahi mea e kūkulu i ka amo mokulele. Ua lawe ia ka hana ana no kekahi mau makahiki, a me kona welau aia ma ka huli ana o ka '70s. Mua i loko o March 1971 ka mua prototype o ka mokulele IL-76 ua hoʻokiʻekiʻeʻia i loko o ka lewa. I ka hookahi makahiki ma ka ea hōʻike i loko o Farani, ia mea a hiki i ka nui lehulehu.

I ka 1973, i ka kükohu ke hele mai i loko o? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Ua akoakoa nā machines mua i ka mokulele loa ia. Chkalov Tashkent. A mau makahiki ma hope, i ka 1976, maliu i ka mokulele a me ke koa. Mai ia manawa, Tashkent lilo i ka papa kuhikuhiE Hookah o keia kükohu. I ai i ua mau makahiki, i ka outbreak o ke kaua ma Afghanistan, a, e like me unofficial aeaiiua, 95% o ka kalepa a me ka amo nā limahana i loko o ka papa o koa hana ua hoolilo o ka His o ka Soviet mokulele hana - IL-76.

I ka lā, nui nā hoʻololi 'ia o kēia mīkini nō lilo i kumu o ke koa amo maunakea o Rusia. ʻOiai ua pili i ka mokulele ukana Park - ma Afghanistan makahiki ua loaa oia i ka paʻa o ka poe liilii, caliber pū 23 mm o ke aupuni 'i loko o ka huelo pauku.

hōʻikeʻano

Ke amo mokulele IL-76 i ka mua mokulele i ka Soviet Union, i ka papa kuhikuhiE mana mea kanu a mea turbojets. Ke koena o ke kaʻa e hele ana ma luna o ka mau no kaumaha maunakea rula kahiliiaʻe eheu a me T-huelo me he hookahi keel. A kiʻiona hiʻona hiki ke kapaia he piha hoailona iho la i o nā keʻena a me ka ukana compartments. Ka mokulele ukana puka ekolu, o ka mea hoʻokahi, aʻelua ma ka hope i loko o ke alo. Kēia hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha e leie aku i ka hana 'ana i loko o ke awa pae kahawai 4 (ka hope hoʻomoe o mau slats), akā, ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kēia i ole, ua noi ia. Ma ka hapanui o na hihia, he awa pae kipaku wale mai ke alo hoʻomoe, oiai, mai ka hope me ke kōkua o nā parachutes he kaumaha hana.

I ka Ia manawa, e like kekahi mokulele o keia ano, IL-76TD mai he kupaianaha lako a ke aupuni 'o nā tiers,ʻehā aʻela kēlā hae, a, o ka papa, kekahi mau ukana winches. hope o hoʻomoe manao hae, ekolu puapua, elua o i i wehe ai i na aoao, a ua kuu iho la i ka konu, ho okumu i keʻano o ka ramp i komo 'ole i hoowalaniaia mai ai. He mea'ē aʻe iā ia, i ka waiwai paa lole wili papaʻaina ma laila i kekahi mau alanui, e kōkua i ka neʻe o nui pahu.

Ka mokulele i eha mana Hawaii kau ma luna o nā pylons ma lalo o nā'ēheu. Ike mai i ke alo a ma luna aʻe ua akaka ai i na eheu i aia ma luna o ka fuselage, i loko o keʻano o ka wānana, a hui pū me ke alo (a ma lalo) o ke ano likeʻole ma waena o ka prototype, a me ka makana i loko o kona hoʻololi 'ia, a me IL-76TD kivila mana. Ikaika kapa'ōnaehana hoonohonoho i ka elima-wahi noaia (4 ma lalo o nā'ēheu, kekahi ma lalo o ka ihu), e leie aku oe i ka pono,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka pōhaku puna e hoomaemae ia, akā, no hoi a hiki i ka primer.

ka hoʻololi 'ana

Ma mua o na lede i ka hoʻololi 'ana, ka mea e e hoʻomaopopo i ke kumu hoʻohālike i hōʻikeʻia e mākou mamua i hānau i loko o ka makemake ola ma mua ma luna o ka pepa. Initially, i kēia mau palapala i ka oihana koa pelane me ka ikaika wahie poʻina nalu, e like me hou kiko'ī. A laila, ma hope o kekahi manawa, ka wā akamai hoomaka ae la e hana i sīwila hoʻokolohua, kekahi o ka hou koho i ka inoa kahiko.

• IL-76 - he oihana koa amo mokulele. He malama no me ka prototype no ka moʻo o ka pane-i ia i kona kalaka.
• IL-76T - i hoʻohuiʻia he keu wahie pahu i loko o kēia nā loli. Version lilo i ka ke kahu moku, akā, he mahuahua lako hou i ka wahie ke me ka nui loa hoʻonui i ka holo laulā.
• IL-76TD - loaa turbofan kiko'ī D-30KP-1. Ke koena Ua loa 'oe a ka mua ulu ana.
• IL-76TDP - hoʻi 'oe a ka mua ulu ana. Main noi - ahi ulu lāʻau, a iki EUIAaIN i ka waiwai paa, a hoonoho iho la i ka wai hookuuia kahua.
• A-50 - i loko o ka naʻau o kēia? Acaeoey mea no ka ia prototype me ka hou wahie pahu. Pelane'ōnaehana hoʻouka kekahi AEW (Airborne kakahiaka nui Ōlelo Aʻo a me Na Makuahine).
• Il-76M - hui kēia manaʻoi no ka Air Max. Ke oaoieei-hapa 'oe a T kēia, akā, i ka pu i na mea kaua, a me ka hiki ana o A-50.
• Yl 76MD - koa hoʻokolohua ma mua o ka hoakaka AP. New kiko'ī a me nā koa, "iie". Hiki lawe aku meakino poʻina nalu a me ka oihana koa o ka mai i 200 kanaka.
• Il-76LL - Ua ohi keia mana i hookahi kope, a ua he lele keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka hooulu ana a me ka ikea ai o ka hou kiko'ī. Nā mea kūʻai mai, he mau haku polokalamu iho OKB Ilyushin.
• IL-78 - o ka mokulele-tanker. Palena iki mākaukau aku nō mākou palena iki haawe ana. Elua hou wahie poʻina nalu.
• Adman1 - mana o ke A-50, ho'ākoakoa no ka Air Max ma Iraq. Au i hou Radar.
• Adman2 - mīkini ua i hoouna aku ai i ka Iraqi Air Max. Kēia mokulele i hana i loko o ka hooponopono ana a me ke alakaʻi o ka poʻe kaua.

maa ulu

Ma waho o ka mana o LL, i i hanaia no ka haku polokalamu, nolaila ia i kuu i kekahi mau pili-maʻamau likeʻole. E like me ke unofficial ike, he 1-2 i loko o kā lākou mau kope, a ua ole loaa kikohoʻe hōʻailona inoa. E like me ka prototype no nā mea a pau i mālama i IL-76T - mokulele me ka mahuahua wahie nona iho. Mawaena o lakou i ka lele haukapila, i ka lawe ana o kukuna mea kaua , a me nā kūlana o ka weightlessness okŘkohukohu, 'ia ua hōʻike hewa no astronauts.

nona iho

Ma ka hooulu ana o kekahi kēia mokulele,ʻaʻohe mea i 'ano, akamai e lawe i ka mooolelo nui o nā mawaho a me na mea kiko'î a, i ole ia ka moku e e hiki ole ai ke ala hou i loko o ka lewa. I ka wā o ka hooulu ana ua ana, a hoʻomaka piha-unahiʻole, i? Iecaianoaaiiie, airlines, nā mea kūʻai mai, e i, e hoʻolohe i ka mea'ē aʻe waiwai, akā, i kekahi o ia mea i ka pono a me ka poʻe akamai, a me nā moku halihali mokulele.

It - nona iho. IL-76TD i ka lehulehu hōʻano hou i ka manawa e lawe aku i kekahi, a me ka hapa manawa hou ma mua o kona prototype. Ma ke kaa mua ia i kūkala kii o 28 nā kana. Ma ka polokalamu Aey? Acaeoey - 42, a ma ka hou wale nō - mai i ka 60 tona.

moku

Like loa Soviet amo mokulele, ka mokulele loaa ka hoʻopoepoe glazed i ke kakaka. Ka luna, ma ka papa kuhikuhiE hooponopono, a malalo - pakuhi hale. Ka luina o Il-76TD me 5 kanaka. Kēia mua ke kahu moku, (iʻikeʻia me FAC), he lua o ke kahu moku, holo lunaʻenehana a me ka Radio Aʻole. ¶ A i loko o ke kime au i kekahi hapa o ka hoʻokele. Ka mua Kekoa, a hoʻokahi wale nō koa wale nō i ka moku i loko o elua hou - i koa mau pua. I ka pakuhi lumi pelane, e paa ana i kekahi mau mea hana ano o ke kakaka.

refill

Special hai hewaʻiʻo i ka wahie nenoaiu. Ma ka typical kivila airliner, nānā 'ole o ka helu ana o kiko'ī, ma laila nōʻelua, i kekahi manawa ekolu pahu. Maʻamau aʻo no ka hoʻohana 'ana 76TD IL-i hoike ia poʻina nalu 12, i puunaue i 4 pauku (ma Hawaii). I kela a me keia o ia ma laila mea no lākou mau mahele i loko o iniiaiie, kiʻekiʻe a me ka papaʻa poʻina nalu. Ke'ī mai, i ka ke kahu moku, ua lawa kohoʻia e ka pāʻana wahie pele, a hiki koke pane koke i kekahi unexpected kulana. Huina nona iho o nā mea a pau i ka pahu poʻina nalu mamua o ka hoailona o ka 100 tausani nā lika o ka wahie.

ano o ka

Ua nānā 'mākou i nā mea kiko'î kanaka o ka IL-76TD. Hoakaka, e emi ai ka pono papa.

E manao ana he nui Kekoa, ua lele oi ma mua o ka hapaha kenekulia, e hoʻomaka me ka, i ka mea haku polokalamu hana ola - 30 makahiki. Eia naʻe, e pono ke kūʻai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka hou wale nō i koe aku o kaʻaha kanaka laina, akā, hou ma Tashkent, i ua manawa manaoia e ia i waho, a me Ulyanovsk.

• Wingspan - 50 m.
• Eheu Area - 300 sq. m.
• Mokulele lōʻihi - 46,5 m, i ka ukana pahu - 24,5.
• Kiʻekiʻe (ma keel) - 14,7 ka m; Kona kalaka kaba - 3.4 m.
• Laula, - 3, 45 (ukana pahu).
• Volume - 321 cubic mika. m.

E noke i ka fuselage pauku mea he hemolele kaiapili, i pono e olelo aku i ka pelane mea hiki, e hoʻouka i ka lua o ramp, oiai ka ukana pahu lōʻihi kānaka, akā, emi.

Holoʻikepili:

• Ka palena iki takeoff kaumaha - 88 tons, i ka i kā mākou - 210.
• Speed - 800 km / h, i ka i kā mākou - 850.
• Holo huahelu - 4000 ei, i kā mākou - 6000.
• Mea hiki palena - 12.000 m.
• Landing māmā - 210 km / h.
• Ka lōʻihi o ka runway no takeoff (ieie) - 850 m, no ka kanu - 450 m.
• Kiko'ī - 4 (HPT 30KP-D-2).
• Traction max - 12 000 kg kēlā me kēia.
• Wahie i loko o nā mea a pau poʻina nalu - 109,5 ho'āo ai.

A Ban ma hoʻii

Ka hoʻomaka o ka hou kenekulia i kaha maha ma kaʻeleʻele ki i loko o ka ulu ana o ka 76 Ke Ana Hoʻohālike. I ka makahiki 2000, i ka ICAO (International hui i poʻe luna no ka holoʻokoʻa kivila maunakea) Ua puakai na koi no ke kālā no mokulele. No ka mīkini mea 'aʻole i kō ka hou mau hae, paa airports ma Europe, North America, Japan a hiki Australia. I ka papa kuhikuhiE kuleana i IL-76 kila leo a me ka ea haumia ea.

Ka hopena ua i ka modernization o ka ipu kēia, i loaa ma ka hou a hiki i ka papa 'inideka 90VD. he hou papa o ka mokulele me ka hoʻokumu 'lele a puni ke ao nei, ka hoopakele ana i ka waiwai i loko o ka loa kekahi kihi o ka Honua.

Currently,

Mai ka mua holo ana o ka 76th i mālama ai i loko o ka Air Max o ka Union o 15 makahiki, a hoʻomau i ka hookauwa aku i ka Moscow'āina. New XAaOOEN i Rusia, Ukraine, Belarus a me nā'āina'ē. Ua akoakoa kekahi mau haneri kaa no ka mea hoʻolilo. Ma waho aʻeo ia i ke kaua, he mea hiki i ka inoa i kekahi mau hale i IL-76TD hoʻohana i kēia lā. Ano, pilikia lawelawe, mālama 'ia hoʻi koa, e like me ka pono i kekahi o na Airlines limahana ma ka ukana kalepa wale. Aia He oiaio, he unofficial Mea Maluna: HE-124 - ka supersize, kekahi o 747 ka "Boeing" - ka loihi, a me IL-76 - ka loa nunui-manao.

ka hopena

IL-76TD - he sīwila ukana pelane, i mea ike ole ia me ka pono me ka Antonov manao, akā, aka hoi, i ke aloha a hiki i ka manawa kūpono o ka pae nā ma ka honua, a ma luna o pōhaku puna loloa i ole emi he ākea. I loko nō oi ma mua o ke kaulana o kona mau makahiki, ua malama aku i kēia palapala, a paha nō malama me ka prototype no ka hou, laekahi, akā, mai lilo i ka leo hone ano o ka mea maʻamau, a me nā koa, "kona kalaka".